Elasticsearch Reference [6.2] » Query DSL
参考官方文档 :https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/query-filter-context.html
一、组合查询 Compound queries
- Constant Score Query 指定_score分数查询
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"constant_score" : {
"filter" : {
"term" : { "user" : "kimchy"}
},
"boost" : 1.2
}
}
}
must:查询的条件必须在匹配的文档中,并计算相似度得分
filter:必须满足条件,不会计算相似度得分
should:满足子条件的一个或者多个,满足的格式可以通过"minimum_should_match" : 1设置,类似 OR (如果查询中包filter则至少满足一个should)
must_not:返回的文档必须不满足条件,类似 NOT
tips : 日期格式在添加文档和搜索的时候加上T,字符串不区分大小写 如pek
GET /stu/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "address":"上海市 保德路 闸北区"}}
],
"filter": [
{"term":{ "id": 11 }},
{"term":{ "city": "pek" }},
{"range":{"regdate": {"gte": "2018-03-03T15:33:32","lte":"2018-03-03T15:33:33"}}}
],
"should":[
{"term":{ "score": 80.8 }},
{"term":{ "score": 80.0 }}
],
"must_not":[{
"term" : { "age" : 30 }
}],
"minimum_should_match" : 1,
"boost" : 1.0
}
}
}
二、查询上下文
Query Context:文档和查询条件的匹配度,出了决定是否与文档匹配外,还会计算查询条件和文档的匹配度_score
GET /_search
{
"query" : {
"term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
}
}
三、过滤上下文
Filter context: 精确搜索文档和查询是否匹配,不会去计算匹配度,主要用于过滤结构化数据.
经常使用的过滤器会被elasticsearch自动缓存,以提高查询效率
示例:title中包含search、content中包含elasticsearch 且 status="published" & publish_date >="2015-01-01"
filter里的term、range
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "title": "Search"}},
{ "match": { "content": "Elasticsearch" }}
],
"filter": [
{ "term": { "status": "published" }},
{ "range": { "publish_date": { "gte": "2015-01-01" }}}
]
}
}
}
四、查询所有
查询所有_score的文档,(注:boost的默认值是 1.0)
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
查询_score=1.2的所有文档
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": { "boost" : 1.2 }
}
}
五、全文查询
query:查询字段message中包含 " this is test " , 注意 "to be or not to be" 属于停顿词,过滤器默认会把remove调,设置zero_terms_query:"all"启用
另operator/zero_terms_query非必填参数,更详细内容查看match query官方文档
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"match" : {
"message" : {
"query" : "to be or not to be,this is test",
"operator" : "and",
"zero_terms_query": "all"
}
}
}
}
match_phrase从分析文本"this is a test"中创建一组词去查询,analyzer分词器也可以使用ik等中文分词器
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase" : {
"message" : {
"query" : "this is a test",
"analyzer" : "standard"
}
}
}
}
match_phrase_prefix与match_phrase类似,只是它允许在文本中的最后一个词的前缀匹配
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix" : {
"message" : "quick brown f"
}
}
}
multi_match匹配查询上以允许多字段查询(subject/message字段):
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match" : {
"query": "this is a test",
"fields": [ "subject", "message" ]
}
}
}
5.Common Terms Query
common:停顿词配置相关如 " the to be "等
6.Query String Query
query_string:没理解看官方文档
7.Simple Query String Query
simple_query_string: 与query_string查询不同的是,simple_query_string查询永远不会抛出异常,并放弃查询的无效部分
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"simple_query_string" : {
"query": ""fried eggs" +(eggplant | potato) -frittata",
"fields": ["title^5", "body"],
"default_operator": "and"
}
}
}