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  • H3C OSPF实验大集合(IPv6)

     

    实验目录:

    1.OSPFv3多区域基本配置

    2.OSPFv3创建虚链路

    3.OSPFv3引入外部路由

    4.OSPFv3中的stub区域

    5.OSPFv3中的stub no-summary区域

     

     

     

    一.OSPF多区域基本配置IPv6

     

    配置ipv6地址

    [R1]ipv6

    [R1]int lo0

    [R1-LoopBack0]ipv6 add 1::1/128

    [R1-LoopBack0]int s0/2/0

    [R1-Serial0/2/0]ipv6 add 2001::1/64

    [R1-Serial0/2/0]q

     

    [R2]ipv6

    [H3C]sys R2

    [R2]int lo0

    [R2-LoopBack0]ipv6 add 2::2/128

    [R2-LoopBack0]int s0/2/0

    [R2-Serial0/2/0]ipv6 add 2001::2/64 

    [R2-Serial0/2/0]int s0/2/2        

    [R2-Serial0/2/2]ipv6 add 2002::1/64

    [R2-Serial0/2/2]q

     

    [R3]ipv6

    [R3]int lo0

    [R3-LoopBack0]ipv6 add 3::3/128

    [R3-LoopBack0]int s0/2/0

    [R3-Serial0/2/0]ipv6 add 2002::2/64

    [R3-Serial0/2/0]

    %Dec  8 10:24:24:219 2010 R3 IFNET/4/UPDOWN:

     Protocol PPP IPV6CP on the interface Serial0/2/0 is UP

    [R3-Serial0/2/0]int s0/2/2

    [R3-Serial0/2/2]ipv6 add 2003::1/64

    [R3-Serial0/2/2]q

     

    [R4]ipv6

    [R4]int lo0

    [R4-LoopBack0]ipv6 add 4::4/128

    [R4-LoopBack0]int s0/2/0

    [R4-Serial0/2/0]ipv6 add 2003::2/64

    [R4-Serial0/2/0]

     

     

     

     

    配置ospfv3

    开启ospfv3

     

    [R1]ospfv3 

    [R1-ospfv3-1]router-id 1.1.1.1    注意要配置router id

    [R1-ospfv3-1]q

    [R1]int lo0

    [R1-LoopBack0]ospfv3 ?

      INTEGER<1-65535>  Process ID

    [R1-LoopBack0]ospfv3 1 ?

      area  Area parameters

    [R1-LoopBack0]ospfv3 1 area 1

    [R1-LoopBack0]int s0/2/0    

    [R1-Serial0/2/0]ospfv3 1 area 1

     

    [R2]ospfv3

    [R2-ospfv3-1]router-id 2.2.2.2

    [R2]int s0/2/0

    [R2-Serial0/2/0]ospfv3 1 area 1

    [R2]int s0/2/2

    [R2-Serial0/2/2]ospfv3 1 area 0

    [R2-Serial0/2/2]q

    [R2]int lo0

    [R2-LoopBack0]ospfv3 1 area 0

    [R2-LoopBack0]q

     

    [R3]ospfv3

    [R3-ospfv3-1]router-id 3.3.3.3

    [R3-ospfv3-1]q

    [R3]int lo0

    [R3-LoopBack0]ospfv3 1 area 0

    [R3]int s0/2/0

    [R3-Serial0/2/0]ospfv3 1 area 0

    [R3]int s0/2/2

    [R3-Serial0/2/2]ospfv3 1 area 2

     

    [R4]ospfv3

    [R4-ospfv3-1]router-id 4.4.4.4

    [R4-ospfv3-1]q

    [R4]int s0/2/0

    [R4-Serial0/2/0]ospfv3 1 area 2

     

    [R4]int lo0

    [R4-LoopBack0]ospfv3 1 area 3

    [R4-LoopBack0]q

     

     

    基本配置已经完成,下面是区域1学习到的区域2的网络2003::/64 

    [R1]display ospfv3 routing

     

     E1 - Type 1 external route,    IA - Inter area route,    I  - Intra area route

     E2 - Type 2 external route,    *  - Selected route

     

                OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process 1)

     ------------------------------------------------------------------------

     *Destination: 1::1/128                                     

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 0

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: Loop0

     

     *Destination: 2::2/128                                     

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 3::3/128                                     

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 3124

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2001::/64                                     

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2002::/64                                    

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 3124

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2003::/64                                    

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 4686

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

    上面输出显示,我们没有学习到area3的路由4::4

     

    解决方法:创建虚链路

     

     

    二.OSPF创建虚链路

    实验拓扑同实验一

    vlink-peer 命令用来创建并配置一条虚连接,undo vlink-peer 命令用来删除一条已

    有的虚连接。

    根据 RFC2328 的规定,OSPF 的区域必须是和骨干区域保持连通的,可以使用

    vlink-peer 命令建立逻辑上的连通性。在某种程度上,可以将虚连接看做一个普通

    的使能了OSPF 的接口,因为在其上配置的hello、retransmit 和trans-delay 等参数

    的原理是类似的。

    需要注意的是,当配置虚连接验证时,由骨干区域的authentication-mode 命令来

    确定使用的验证类型是MD5 密文验证或是明文验证。

    相关配置可参考命令 authentication-mode display ospf

    注意:

    全部是在area 2上做的

    做虚链路

    [R3]ospfv3

    [R3-ospfv3-1]area 2

    [R3-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.2]vlink-peer 4.4.4.4

    [R3-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.2]q

    [R4]ospfv3

    [R4-ospfv3-1]area 2

    [R4-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.2]vlink-peer 3.3.3.3

    [R4-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.2]q

    [R4-ospfv3-1]q

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    区域1就能学习到区域3的路由

    [R1]display ospfv3 routing

     

     E1 - Type 1 external route,    IA - Inter area route,    I  - Intra area route

     E2 - Type 2 external route,    *  - Selected route

     

                OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process 1)

     ------------------------------------------------------------------------

     *Destination: 1::1/128                                     

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 0

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: Loop0

     

     *Destination: 2::2/128                                     

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 3::3/128                                      

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 3124

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 4::4/128                                     

    区域3的路由

     

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 4686

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2001::/64                                    

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2002::/64                                    

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 3124

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2003::/64                                    

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 4686

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2003::1/128                                  

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 4686

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2003::2/128                                  

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 4686

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

    上面的输出可以看出,区域1已经可以学习到区域3的路由!

     

     

     

    三.OSPFv3引入外部路由

    实验拓扑

    引入路由简介

    import-route 命令用来引入外部路由信息,undo import-route 命令用来取消对外

    部路由信息的引入。

    如果引入类型为 1 的外部路由,则在路由表中,metric 值为本路由器到达广播此条

    外部路由的路由器的metric 值加上引入时使用的cost 值。如果引入类型2 的外部路

    由,则路由表中的metric 值就是引入时设定的cost 值。

    此命令不是累加形式,cost、type、tag 等参数应在同一条命令中一次设定,否则后

    配置的命令会覆盖先配置的命令。

    缺省情况下,不引入其它协议的路由信息。

    我们在R3上做一条通往R4的静态路由,R4向R3上做一条默认路由

    [R3]ipv6 route-static 4:: 64 2003::2

    [R4]ipv6 route-static :: 0 2003::1

     
     

    引入外部静态路由和直连路由

    [R3]ospfv3

    [R3-ospfv3-1]import-route static 

    [R3-ospfv3-1]import-route direct

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    如果不引入直连路由的话,我们会学习不到R3直连的 2003::/64网段

     

    查看下面的路由,我们就可以看到外部路由

    [R1]display ipv6 routing-table protocol ospfv3

    OSPFv3 Routing Table :

    Summary Count : 5

     

    OSPFv3 Routing Table's Status : < Active >

    Summary Count : 5

     

    Destination: 2::2/128                                    Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 1562

     

    Destination: 3::3/128                                    Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 3124

     

    Destination: 4::/64                                      Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 150

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 1

     

    Destination: 2002::/64                                   Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 3124

     

    Destination: 2003::/64                                   Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 150

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 1

     

    OSPFv3 Routing Table's Status : < Inactive >

    Summary Count : 0

    并能ping

    [R1]ping 4::4

     Error:  Ping: Unknown host 4::4

    [R1]ping ipv6 4::4

      PING 4::4 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

        Reply from 4::4

        bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=62  time = 44 ms

        Reply from 4::4

        bytes=56 Sequence=2 hop limit=62  time = 40 ms

        Reply from 4::4

        bytes=56 Sequence=3 hop limit=62  time = 50 ms

        Reply from 4::4

        bytes=56 Sequence=4 hop limit=62  time = 30 ms

        Reply from 4::4

        bytes=56 Sequence=5 hop limit=62  time = 30 ms

     

      --- 4::4 ping statistics ---

        5 packet(s) transmitted

        5 packet(s) received

        0.00% packet loss

        round-trip min/avg/max = 30/38/50 ms

     

     

    四.OPPFv3中的stub区域

    实验拓扑同实验三

    注意:

    如果要将一个区域配置成 Stub 区域,则该区域中的所有路由器都必须配置此属性。

    相关配置可参考命令 default-cost

    把区域1配置为stub区域

     
     

    [R1]ospfv3

    [R1-ospfv3-1]area 1

    [R1-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

    [R1-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]q

    [R1-ospfv3-1]q

     

    [R2]ospfv3

    [R2-ospfv3-1]area 1

    [R2-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

    [R2-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]q

    [R2-ospfv3-1]q

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    末节区域过滤4,5类lsa,没有过滤3类lsa,所以有ospf区域内的所有路由条目。

    外部路由走默认路由!

    [R1]display ospfv3 routing

     

     E1 - Type 1 external route,    IA - Inter area route,    I  - Intra area route

     E2 - Type 2 external route,    *  - Selected route

     

                OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process 1)

     ------------------------------------------------------------------------

     *Destination: ::/0                                         

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 1563

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 1::1/128                                      

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 0

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: Loop0

     

     *Destination: 2::2/128                                     

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 3::3/128                                     

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 3124

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2001::/64                                    

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 2002::/64                                    

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 3124

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     

    [R1]display ipv6 routing-table protocol ospfv3

    OSPFv3 Routing Table :

    Summary Count : 4

     

    OSPFv3 Routing Table's Status : < Active >

    Summary Count : 4

     

    Destination: ::/0                                        Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 1563

     

    Destination: 2::2/128                                    Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 1562

     

    Destination: 3::3/128                                    Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 3124

     

    Destination: 2002::/64                                   Protocol  : OSPFv3

    NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                         Preference: 10

    Interface  : S0/2/0                                      Cost      : 3124

     

    OSPFv3 Routing Table's Status : < Inactive >

    Summary Count : 0

     

     

     

     

    五.OSPFv3中的stub no-summary区域

    实验拓扑同实验三

    简介:

    完全末节区域是末节区域的升级,添加了过滤3类lsa功能,所以内部的路由也被汇总成为一条默认的路由。

    注意:

    完全末节区域不需要区域内的路由都开启stub no-summary ,但其他的路由器要开启stub

    比如此实验,

    R1不必开启stub no-summary,但必须开启stub            R2必须开启stub no-summary

     

     

    在没有un掉R1的stub后,直接在R2上stub no-summary

    [R1]display ospfv3 routing

     

     E1 - Type 1 external route,    IA - Inter area route,    I  - Intra area route

     E2 - Type 2 external route,    *  - Selected route

     

                OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process 1)

     ------------------------------------------------------------------------

     *Destination: ::/0                                         

      Type       : IA                                       Cost     : 1563

      NextHop    : FE80::507F:0:A697:1                      Interface: S0/2/0

     

     *Destination: 1::1/128                                     

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 0

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: Loop0

     

     *Destination: 2001::/64                                    

      Type       : I                                        Cost     : 1562

      NextHop    : directly-connected                       Interface: S0/2/0

    注意:

    在删除区域时

    [R2-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]un stub no-summary

                                      ^

     % Too many parameters found at '^' position.

    [R2-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]

    [R2-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]

    [R2-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.1]un stub 

    即使是完全末节区域,删除时使用un stub

    R1必须是stub,在R2上配置的 stub no-summary才可生效   

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/niezhongle/p/11213371.html
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