初级美语 L121 The Greatest Killers 解析

一、Reading

Alcohol and cigarettes are the two greatest killers in the world. Hundreds of thousands of people have died because of these two social evils. As a result, some govern ments are trying to control the use of these drugs. For example, in many countries, the legal age for drinking has been raised from eighteen to twenty-one. Some countries have even banned smoking in public places. People can help each other live longer by simply discouraging these bad habits.

二、解析

■ Alcohol and cigarettes are the two greatest killers in the world.

• 主：Alcohol and cigarettes
• 系：are
• 定：the two greatest
• 表：killers
• 地状：in the world.

■ Hundreds of thousands of people have died because of these two social evils.

• 时态：现在完成时
• 定：Hundreds of thousands of
• 主：people
• 谓：have died
• 原状从：because of these two social evils.
  • 复介：because of
  • 宾：these two social evils.

■ As a result, some governments are trying to control the use of these drugs. - 时态：现在进行时

• 状：As a result,
• 主：some governments
• 谓：are trying
• 宾：to control the use of these drugs.
  • 虚词：to
  • 谓：control
  • 宾：the use
  • 定：of these drugs.

■ For example, in many countries, the legal age for drinking has been raised from eighteen to twenty-one.

• 时态：现在完成时被动语态
• 状：For example,
• 地状：in many countries,
• 主：the legal age
• 定：for drinking
• 谓：has been raised
• 状：from eighteen to twenty-one.

■ Some countries have even banned smoking in public places.

• 时态：现在完成时
• 主：Some countries
• 谓：have even banned
• 宾：smoking
• 地状：in public places.

■ People can help each other live longer by simply discouraging these bad habits.

• 主： People
• 谓：can help
• 宾：each other
• 目状：（to）live longer
• 方状：by simply discouraging these bad habits.
  • 介：by
  • 状：simply
  • 宾：discouraging these bad habits.

三、语法

1. 现在完成时被动语态。
2. help 的用法。
3. “hundreds of thousands of + 复数名词”的用法。

以上语法详见教材讲解。