一、Reading
Alcohol and cigarettes are the two greatest killers in the world. Hundreds of thousands of people have died because of these two social evils. As a result, some govern ments are trying to control the use of these drugs. For example, in many countries, the legal age for drinking has been raised from eighteen to twenty-one. Some countries have even banned smoking in public places. People can help each other live longer by simply discouraging these bad habits.
二、解析
■ Alcohol and cigarettes are the two greatest killers in the world.
- 主：Alcohol and cigarettes
- 系：are
- 定：the two greatest
- 表：killers
- 地状：in the world.
■ Hundreds of thousands of people have died because of these two social evils.
- 时态：现在完成时
- 定：Hundreds of thousands of
- 主：people
- 谓：have died
- 原状从：because of these two social evils.
- 复介：because of
- 宾：these two social evils.
■ As a result, some governments are trying to control the use of these drugs. - 时态：现在进行时
- 状：As a result,
- 主：some governments
- 谓：are trying
- 宾：to control the use of these drugs.
- 虚词：to
- 谓：control
- 宾：the use
- 定：of these drugs.
■ For example, in many countries, the legal age for drinking has been raised from eighteen to twenty-one.
- 时态：现在完成时被动语态
- 状：For example,
- 地状：in many countries,
- 主：the legal age
- 定：for drinking
- 谓：has been raised
- 状：from eighteen to twenty-one.
■ Some countries have even banned smoking in public places.
- 时态：现在完成时
- 主：Some countries
- 谓：have even banned
- 宾：smoking
- 地状：in public places.
■ People can help each other live longer by simply discouraging these bad habits.
- 主： People
- 谓：can help
- 宾：each other
- 目状：（to）live longer
- 方状：by simply discouraging these bad habits.
- 介：by
- 状：simply
- 宾：discouraging these bad habits.
三、语法
- 现在完成时被动语态。
- help 的用法。
- “hundreds of thousands of + 复数名词”的用法。
以上语法详见教材讲解。