初级美语 L127：An Honest Man 解析

一、Reading

If you are honest, people will trust you. It is important for a person to have a reputation for being honest. If a person is dishonest, no one will want to be his friend. He will soon become an outcast. On the other hand, an honest man wins the respect of others. Honesty is, indeed, the best policy.

二、解析

■ If you are honest, people will trust you.

• 虚拟语气：If you are honest
  • 时态：一般现在时
  • 引：If
  • 主：you
  • 系：are
  • 表：honest
• 时态：一般将来时
• 主：people
• 谓：will trust
• 宾：you.

■ It is important for a person to have a reputation for being honest.

• 形主：It
• 系：is
• 表：important
• 方状：for a person
• 主：to have a reputation for being honest.
  • 虚词：to
  • 谓：have
  • 宾：a reputation
  • 定：for being honest.
    • 介：for
    • 宾：being honest.

for being honest：for 介词，动名词短语 being honest 作其宾语。因 honest 是形容词不能作 for 宾语，因此形容词通常前面要有 be 动词。

■ If a person is dishonest，no one will want to be his friend.

• 虚拟语气：If a person is dishonest
  • 时态：一般现在时
  • 引：If
  • 主：a person
  • 系：is
  • 表：dishonest
• 时态：一般将来时
• 主：no one
• 谓：will want
• 宾：to be his friend.

■ He will soon become an outcast.

• 时态：一般将来时。
• 主：he
• 系：will soon become
• 表：an outcast

■ On the other hand, an honest man wins the respect

• 状：On the other hand
• 主：an honest man
• 谓：wins
• 宾：the respect
• 定：of others

■ Honesty is, indeed, the best policy.

• 主：Honesty
• 系：is
• 插入语：indeed
• 定：the best
• 表：policy.

三、语法

1. Honesty is the best policy.：诚实为上策。（谚语）
2. if 形成的虚拟语气及其用法。
3. if 引导从句中 if 的省略。

以上语法详见教材讲解。