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  • es之java各种查询操作

    matchAllQuery匹配所有文档
    queryStringQuery 基于Lucene的字段检索
    wildcardQuery 通配符查询匹配多个字符,?匹配1个字符*
    termQuery 词条查询
    matchQuery 字段查询
    idsQuery 标识符查询
    fuzzyQuery 文档相似度查询
    includeLower includeUpper 范围查询
    boolQuery 组合查询(复杂查询)
    SortOrder 排序查询

    插入样例数据:

    插入样例数据:

    curl -XPOST http://hadoop01:9200/sanguo/dahan/_bulk -d '
    { "index": {}}    
    { "studentNo" : 1, "name" : "刘备", "male" : "男", "age" : 24 , "birthday" : "1985-02-03" , "classNo" : 1 , "address" : "湖南省长沙市" , "isLeader" : true}
    { "index": {}}            
    { "studentNo" : 2, "name" : "关羽", "male" : "男", "age" : 22 , "birthday" : "1987-08-23" , "classNo" : 2, "address" : "四川省成都市" , "isLeader" : false}
    { "index": {}}                                
    { "studentNo" : 3, "name" : "糜夫人", "male" : "女", "age" : 19 , "birthday" : "1990-06-12" , "classNo" : 1 , "address" : "上海市" , "isLeader" : false}
    { "index": {}}
    { "studentNo" : 4, "name" : "张飞", "male" : "男", "age" : 20 , "birthday" : "1989-07-30" , "classNo" : 3 , "address" : "北京市" , "isLeader" : false}
    { "index": {}}
    { "studentNo" : 5, "name" : "诸葛亮", "male" : "男", "age" : 18 , "birthday" : "1992-04-27" , "classNo" : 2 , "address" : "江苏省南京市" , "isLeader" : true}
    { "index": {}}    
    { "studentNo" : 6, "name" : "孙尚香", "male" : "女", "age" : 16 , "birthday" : "1994-05-21" , "classNo" : 3 , "address" : "广东省深圳市" , "isLeader" : false}
    { "index": {}}              
    { "studentNo" : 7, "name" : "马超", "male" : "男", "age" : 19 , "birthday" : "1991-10-20" , "classNo" : 1 , "address" : "黑龙江省哈尔滨市" , "isLeader" : false}
    { "index": {}}                        
    { "studentNo" : 8, "name" : "赵云", "male" : "男", "age" : 23 , "birthday" : "1986-10-26" , "classNo" : 2 , "address" : "浙江省杭州市" , "isLeader" : false}
    '

    1:查询所有

    matchAllQuery()匹配所有文件

    match_all查询是Elasticsearch中最简单的查询之一。它使我们能够匹配索引中的所有文件。

    /**
    *matchAllQuery()匹配所有文件
    match_all查询是Elasticsearch中最简单的查询之一。它使我们能够匹配索引中的所有文件
    * */
    @Test
    public void searchAll(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo")
              .setTypes("dahan").setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery())
              .get();

       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    2:解析查询字符串

    相比其他可用的查询,query_string查询支持全部的Apache Lucene查询语法

    针对多字段的query_string查询

    /**
    * 相比其他可用的查询,query_string查询支持全部的Apache Lucene查询语法
    针对多字段的query_string查询

    * */
    @Test
    public void query_String(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("孙尚香")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    3:通配符查询(wildcardQuery)

    *匹配多个字符,?匹配1个字符

    注意:避免* 开始, 会检索大量内容造成效率缓慢

    /**
    * *匹配多个字符,?匹配1个字符
    注意:避免* 开始, 会检索大量内容造成效率缓慢
    * */
    @Test
    public void wildcardQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("address", "广东*")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    4:词条查询(termQuery)

    词条查询是Elasticsearch中的一个简单查询。它仅匹配在给定字段中含有该词条的文档,而且是确切的、未经分析的词条

    termQuery("key", obj) 完全匹配

    termsQuery("key", obj1, obj2..)

    一次匹配多个值,有一个值是正确的,就可以查询出数据

    /**
    * 词条查询是Elasticsearch中的一个简单查询。它仅匹配在给定字段中含有该词条的文档,而
    且是确切的、未经分析的词条
    termQuery("key", obj) 完全匹配
    termsQuery("key", obj1, obj2..)   一次匹配多个值,只有有一个值是正确的,就可以查询出数据

    * */
    @Test
    public void termQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "张飞","刘备","关羽")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    5:字段匹配查询

    match**查询把query参数中的值拿出来,加以分析,然后构建相应的查询**。使用match查询时,Elasticsearch将对一个字段选择合适的分析器,所以可以确定,传给match查询的词条将被建立索引时相同的分析器处理。

     

    /**
    * match query搜索的时候,首先会解析查询字符串,进行分词,然后查询,
    而term query,输入的查询内容是什么,就会按照什么去查询,并不会解析查询内容,对它分词。
    * */
    @Test
    public void MatchQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
    .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("address", " 上海")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }


    }

    Matchquery 和termquery的区别:

    match:匹配的时候,会将查询的关键字进行分词,然后根据分词后的结果进行查询。
    term:直接使用关键字进行查询,不对关键字进行分词。

    multiMatchQuery("text", "field1", "field2"..); 匹配多个字段

    mutilMatchQuery:

    /**
    * multiMatchQuery(要搜索的值 , 在哪些字段上)
    * */
    @Test
    public void mutileMatchQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("北京", "address","name")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    6:只查询ID(标识符查询)

    标识符查询是一个简单的查询,仅用提供的标识符来过滤返回的文档。

    /**
    * 按照id进行查询,通过id返回我们想要的结果
    * */
    @Test
    public void idsQuery() {
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.idsQuery().addIds("AWNkQSCJzU0_wTuf7egi")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    7:相似度查询

    插入两条测试数据:

    PUT /sanguo/dahan/123
    {
     "name": "曹操",
     "male" : "男",
     "age" : 40 ,
     "birthday" : "1975-02-03" ,
     "classNo" : 1 ,
     "address" : "海淀区坐落于北京市" ,
     "isLeader" : true
    }

    PUT /sanguo/dahan/234
    {
     "name": "董卓",
     "male" : "男",
     "age" : 35 ,
     "birthday" : "1975-02-03" ,
     "classNo" : 1 ,
     "address" : "北京it程序员" ,
     "isLeader" : true
    }

    fuzzy查询是模糊查询中的第三种类型,它基于编辑距离算法来匹配文档

    /**
    * 相似度查询:fuzzy查询是模糊查询中的第三种类型,它基于编辑距离算法来匹配文档
    * */
    @Test
    public void fuzzyQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.fuzzyQuery("address", "北京市")).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       System.out.println("查询结果有:" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("得分:"+next.getScore());
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    8:范围查询

    范围查询使我们能够找到在某一字段值在某个范围里的文档,字段可以是数值型,也可以是

    基于字符串的

    includeLower(true):包含上界

    IncludeUpper(true):包含下界

    /**
    范围查询使我们能够找到在某一字段值在某个范围里的文档,字段可以是数值型,也可以是
    基于字符串的
    includeLower(true):包含上界
    IncludeUpper(true):包含下界
    * */
    @Test
    public void rangeQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(18).to(22)
                      .includeLower(true)
                      .includeUpper(false))
              .get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("得分:"+next.getScore());
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("age : "+ next.getSource().get("age"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

    9:组合查询(复杂查询)

    must(QueryBuilders) : AND
    mustNot(QueryBuilders): NOT
    should(QueryBuilders):OR 

    插入一条数据:

    PUT /sanguo/dahan/345
    {
     "name": "貂蝉",
     "male" : "女",
     "age" : 16 ,
     "birthday" : "2000-02-03" ,
     "classNo" : 1 ,
     "address" : "北京市女it程序员" ,
     "isLeader" : true
    }

     

      /*
     * 组合查询:
     *
    must(QueryBuilders) : AND
    mustNot(QueryBuilders): NOT
    should(QueryBuilders):OR

     * */
     @Test
     public void boolQuery(){
         SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
                .setQuery(QueryBuilders.boolQuery()
                        .must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("address", "程序员"))
                        .must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("male", "女"))).get();
         SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
         Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
         while (iterator.hasNext()) {
             SearchHit next = iterator.next();
             System.out.println("得分:"+next.getScore());
             System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
             System.out.println("studentNo : "+ next.getSource().get("studentNo"));
             System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
             System.out.println("birthday : "+ next.getSource().get("birthday"));
             System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
             System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
             System.out.println("age : "+ next.getSource().get("age"));
             System.out.println("===============================================");
        }
    }

    10:排序查询

    /**
    * ASC : 正序(从小到大)
    * DESC: 倒序(从大到小)
    * */
    @Test
    public void SortOrderQuery(){
       SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("sanguo").setTypes("dahan")
              .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery())
              .addSort("age", SortOrder.ASC).get();
       SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); // 获取命中次数,查询结果有多少对象
       Iterator<SearchHit> iterator = hits.iterator();
       while (iterator.hasNext()) {
           SearchHit next = iterator.next();
           System.out.println("name : "+ next.getSource().get("name"));
           System.out.println("male : "+ next.getSource().get("male"));
           System.out.println("classNo : "+ next.getSource().get("classNo"));
           System.out.println("address : "+ next.getSource().get("address"));
           System.out.println("age : "+ next.getSource().get("age"));
           System.out.println("===============================================");
      }
    }

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/niutao/p/10909274.html
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