spring boot web开发非常的简单,其中包括常用的json输出、filters、property、log等。
1.json接口开发
在以前的spring 开发的时候需要我们提供json接口的时候需要做那些配置呢
添加 jackjson 等相关jar包
配置spring controller扫描
对接的方法添加@ResponseBody
就这样我们会经常由于配置错误,导致406错误等等,spring boot如何做呢,只需要类添加 @RestController
即可,默认类中的方法都会以json的格式返回
package com.example.demo.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.example.demo.domain.User; @RestController public class HelloWorldController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public String index(){ return "Hello World"; } @RequestMapping("/getUser") public User getUser(){ User user = new User(); user.setId(1); user.setUserName("David"); user.setPassWord("123456"); user.setRegTime("regTime"); return user; } }
localhost:8080/getUser
2.自定义Filter
两个步骤:1.实现Filter接口,实现doFilter方法。 2.将自定义的过滤器加入过滤链。
package com.example.demo.filter; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.Filter; import javax.servlet.FilterChain; import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.catalina.filters.RemoteIpFilter; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class WebConfiguration { @Bean public RemoteIpFilter remoteIpFilter(){ return new RemoteIpFilter(); } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean testFilterRegistration(){ FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registration.setFilter(new MyFilter()); registration.addUrlPatterns("/*"); registration.addInitParameter("paramName", "paramValue"); registration.setName("myfilter"); registration.setOrder(1); return registration; } public class MyFilter implements Filter { @Override public void destroy() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Filter.super.destroy(); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest srequest, ServletResponse sresponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) srequest; System.out.println("this is MyFilter, url :" + request.getRequestURI()); filterChain.doFilter(srequest, sresponse); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Filter.super.init(filterConfig); } } }
3.自定义property
在application.properties中配置
com.example.demo.title=u6797u5E73u4E4B
com.example.demo.description=u5251u672Fu5DF2u6210
如何使用呢?新建配置类:
package com.example.demo.prop; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class NeoProperties { @Value("${com.example.demo.title}") private String title; @Value("${com.example.demo.description}") private String description; public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } }
log配置:
logging.path=/user/local/log
logging.level.com.favorites=DEBUG
logging.level.org.springframework.web=INFO
logging.level.org.hibernate=ERROR
题外话:log级别
Log4j建议只使用四个级别,优先级从高到低分别是 ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG。通过在这里定义的级别,您可以控制到应用程序中相应级别的日志信息的开关。比如在这里定义了INFO级别,则应用程序中所有DEBUG级别的日志信息将不被打印出来,也是说大于等于的级别的日志才输出。
日志记录的级别有继承性,子类会记录父类的所有的日志级别。
logger日志设置:
1、加包:log4j-1.2.16.jar 一般还会加入 commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
2、在CLASSPATH 下建立log4j.properties
在要输出的日志的类中
定义:private static final org.apache.log4j.Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(类名.class);
在类输位置:logger.info(XXX);
4.数据库操作
spring data jpa的使用,jpa是利用Hibernate生成各种自动化的sql,如果只是简单的增删改查,基本上不用手写了,spring内部已经帮大家封装实现了。
1.添加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency>
2.添加配置
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ffdu?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
spring.jpa.show-sql= true
其实这个hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto参数的作用主要用于:自动创建|更新|验证数据库表结构,有四个值:
create: 每次加载hibernate时都会删除上一次的生成的表,然后根据你的model类再重新来生成新表,哪怕两次没有任何改变也要这样执行,这就是导致数据库表数据丢失的一个重要原因。
create-drop :每次加载hibernate时根据model类生成表,但是sessionFactory一关闭,表就自动删除。
update:最常用的属性,第一次加载hibernate时根据model类会自动建立起表的结构(前提是先建立好数据库),以后加载hibernate时根据 model类自动更新表结构,即使表结构改变了但表中的行仍然存在不会删除以前的行。要注意的是当部署到服务器后,表结构是不会被马上建立起来的,是要等 应用第一次运行起来后才会。
validate :每次加载hibernate时,验证创建数据库表结构,只会和数据库中的表进行比较,不会创建新表,但是会插入新值。
dialect
主要是指定生成表名的存储引擎为InneoDBshow-sql
是否打印出自动生产的SQL,方便调试的时候查看
3.添加实体类和dao
/** * */ /** * @author HP * */ package com.example.demo.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; @Entity public class User implements Serializable { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; @Column(nullable = false, unique = true) private String userName; @Column(nullable = false) private String passWord; @Column(nullable = true, unique = true) private String email; @Column(nullable = true, unique = true) private String nickName; @Column(nullable = false) private String regTime; public User(){} public User(String userName, String passWord, String email, String nickName, String regTime) { this.userName = userName; this.passWord = passWord; this.email = email; this.nickName = nickName; this.regTime = regTime; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassWord() { return passWord; } public void setPassWord(String passWord) { this.passWord = passWord; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getNickName() { return nickName; } public void setNickName(String nickName) { this.nickName = nickName; } public String getRegTime() { return regTime; } public void setRegTime(String regTime) { this.regTime = regTime; } public static long getSerialversionuid() { return serialVersionUID; } }
Entity中不映射成列的字段需要加@Transient注解,不加注解也会映射成列。
package com.example.demo.domain; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> { User findByUserName(String userName); User findByUserNameOrEmail(String userName, String email); }
5.测试
package com.example.demo; import static org.junit.Assert.*; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import com.example.demo.domain.User; import com.example.demo.domain.UserRepository; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class) public class UserRepositoryTests { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; @Test public void test() throws Exception { Date date = new Date(); DateFormat dateFormat = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.LONG, DateFormat.LONG); String formattedDate = dateFormat.format(date); userRepository.save(new User("ffdu", "123456", "aa@126.com", "阿飞", formattedDate)); //Assert.assertEquals(9, userRepository.findAll().size()); //Assert.assertEquals("bb", userRepository.findByUserNameOrEmail("bb", "cc@126.com").getNickName()); //userRepository.delete(userRepository.findByUserName("ffdu")); } }