在Android中,传递数据使用Intent,Intent相当于各个Activity之间的桥梁,可以传递数据,可以通过Intent启动另外一个Activity。
Intent有显式和隐式之分,显式的是直接什么要启动的组件,比如Service或者Activity,隐式的通过配置的datatype、url、action来找到匹配的组件启动。
此程序目的:
1、显式启动Activity和service
2、通过隐式的变量,启动Activity和Service
先来看先我们定义的变量类:
- package cc.androidos.intent;
- public class Book {
- //Intent的数据类型
- public static String CONTENT_TYPE = "cc.android/intent.demo";
- //Intent中的URL,这里要使用Content开头,不然会找不到组件
- public static String CONTENT_URI = "content://test/";
- }
package cc.androidos.intent;public class Book { //Intent的数据类型 public static String CONTENT_TYPE = "cc.android/intent.demo"; //Intent中的URL,这里要使用Content开头,不然会找不到组件 public static String CONTENT_URI = "content://test/";}
程序主界面的代码:还有四个按钮,分别用于启动不同的组件:
- package cc.androidos.intent;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.net.Uri;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- public class IntentDemo extends Activity {
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- Button firstbtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.firstbtn);
- Button firstbtnservice = (Button) findViewById(R.id.firstbtnservice);
- Button secondbtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.secondbtn);
- Button secondbtnservice = (Button) findViewById(R.id.secondbtnservice);
- firstbtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
- public void onClick(View v) {
- //显式启动FirstIntentDemo Activity
- Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),FirstIntentDemo.class);
- startActivity(i);
- }
- });
- firstbtnservice.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
- public void onClick(View v) {
- //显式启动FirstService 后台服务
- Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),FirstService.class);
- startService(i);
- }
- });
- secondbtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
- public void onClick(View v) {
- //通过Action uri和dataype启动Activity
- //程序会自动匹配到Intent-Filter配置中有(action属性)Action为Intent.ACTION_VIEW,并且数据类型(data)为cc.android/intent.demo的组件上
- Intent intent = new Intent();
- intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
- intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(Book.CONTENT_URI), Book.CONTENT_TYPE);
- startActivity(intent);
- }
- });
- secondbtnservice.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
- public void onClick(View v) {
- //通过Action uri和dataype启动Service
- Intent intent = new Intent();
- intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_EDIT);
- intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(Book.CONTENT_URI), Book.CONTENT_TYPE);
- startService(intent);
- }
- });
- }
- }
package cc.androidos.intent;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Intent;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;public class IntentDemo extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); Button firstbtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.firstbtn); Button firstbtnservice = (Button) findViewById(R.id.firstbtnservice); Button secondbtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.secondbtn); Button secondbtnservice = (Button) findViewById(R.id.secondbtnservice); firstbtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(View v) { //显式启动FirstIntentDemo Activity Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),FirstIntentDemo.class); startActivity(i); } }); firstbtnservice.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(View v) { //显式启动FirstService 后台服务 Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),FirstService.class); startService(i); } }); secondbtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(View v) { //通过Action uri和dataype启动Activity //程序会自动匹配到Intent-Filter配置中有(action属性)Action为Intent.ACTION_VIEW,并且数据类型(data)为cc.android/intent.demo的组件上 Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(Book.CONTENT_URI), Book.CONTENT_TYPE); startActivity(intent); } }); secondbtnservice.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(View v) { //通过Action uri和dataype启动Service Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_EDIT); intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(Book.CONTENT_URI), Book.CONTENT_TYPE); startService(intent); } }); }}
以下分别是被启动的组件代码:
显式Activity和Service:
- package cc.androidos.intent;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- public class FirstIntentDemo extends Activity {
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.firstintent);
- }
- }
- ===============================================
- package cc.androidos.intent;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.util.Log;
- public class FirstService extends Service{
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
- return null;
- }
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- super.onCreate();
- String tag = "First Service on Create";
- Log.d(tag,"This is the first service...");
- }
- }
package cc.androidos.intent;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;public class FirstIntentDemo extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.firstintent); }}===============================================package cc.androidos.intent;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.IBinder;import android.util.Log;public class FirstService extends Service{ @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return null; } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); String tag = "First Service on Create"; Log.d(tag,"This is the first service..."); }}
隐式启动的Activity和Service:
- package cc.androidos.intent;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.Log;
- public class SecondIntentDemo extends Activity {
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- String tag = "SecondIntentDemo onCreate..";
- setContentView(R.layout.secondintent);
- Intent i = getIntent();
- Log.d(tag, "intent type : " + i.getType());
- Log.d(tag, "intent url : " + i.getData().toString());
- }
- }
package cc.androidos.intent;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;public class SecondIntentDemo extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); String tag = "SecondIntentDemo onCreate.."; setContentView(R.layout.secondintent); Intent i = getIntent(); Log.d(tag, "intent type : " + i.getType()); Log.d(tag, "intent url : " + i.getData().toString()); }}
===================================
- package cc.androidos.intent;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.util.Log;
- public class SecondService extends Service {
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
- return null;
- }
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- super.onCreate();
- String tag = "Second service ";
- Log.d(tag, "Startup second service... ");
- }
- }
package cc.androidos.intent;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.IBinder;import android.util.Log;public class SecondService extends Service { @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) { return null; } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); String tag = "Second service "; Log.d(tag, "Startup second service... "); }}
AndroidManifest.xml文件配置:
这个很重要,需要配置好才行,不然会出现AcitvityNotFoundException
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- package="cc.androidos.intent"
- android:versionCode="1"
- android:versionName="1.0.0">
- <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
- <activity android:name=".IntentDemo"
- android:label="@string/app_name">
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- <!-- First Intent Demo -->
- <activity android:name=".FirstIntentDemo" android:label="@string/app_name">
- </activity>
- <!-- Second Intent Demo -->
- <activity android:name=".SecondIntentDemo" android:label="@string/app_name">
- <intent-filter >
- <!--The intent filter parameters must match the intent datatype(mimeType) \ action -->
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/>
- <data android:mimeType="cc.android/intent.demo"/>
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- <service android:name=".FirstService" >
- </service>
- <service android:name=".SecondService" >
- <intent-filter >
- <!--The intent filter parameters must match the intent datatype(mimeType) \ action -->
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.EDIT"/>
- <data android:mimeType="cc.android/intent.demo"/>
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
- </intent-filter>
- </service>
- </application>
- </manifest>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="cc.androidos.intent" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".IntentDemo" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <!-- First Intent Demo --> <activity android:name=".FirstIntentDemo" android:label="@string/app_name"> </activity> <!-- Second Intent Demo --> <activity android:name=".SecondIntentDemo" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter > <!--The intent filter parameters must match the intent datatype(mimeType) \ action --> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/> <data android:mimeType="cc.android/intent.demo"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> </intent-filter> </activity> <service android:name=".FirstService" > </service> <service android:name=".SecondService" > <intent-filter > <!--The intent filter parameters must match the intent datatype(mimeType) \ action --> <action android:name="android.intent.action.EDIT"/> <data android:mimeType="cc.android/intent.demo"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> </intent-filter> </service> </application></manifest>Intent理由个URI属性,这个配合ContentProvider使用,用于数据操纵使用