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  • Linux--重要文件

    /etc/resolv.conf

    • 说明:设置Linux本地的DNS的配置文件
    • 查看文件内容
    [root@39 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
    nameserver 10.0.0.2
    

    注意:网卡的配置文件的DNS优先于/etc/resolv.conf配置的DNS
    DNS:实现域名和IP的互相解析

    /etc/host

    • 说明:域名和IP地址的对应关系

    • 作用:

      • 一般在搭建测试环境的时候使用
      • 服务器之间的调用可以用域名(内部的DNS)
    • 查看内容

    [root@39 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
    

    /etc/sysconfig/network

    • 说明:可修改主机名及网卡启动,网关等配置
    • 查看内容
    [root@39 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
    NETWORKING=yes
    HOSTNAME=39
    

    /etc/fstab

    • 说明:实现开机要挂载的文件系统的列表,磁盘分区与目录的挂载关系
    • 查看内容
    [root@39 ~]# cat /etc/fstab 
    #
    # /etc/fstab
    # Created by anaconda on Sun Jul 16 22:37:07 2017
    #
    # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
    
    # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
    #
    UUID=74e27aa2-9d68-405b-a49a-0faa5cae3a9d /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
    UUID=0e3eff1e-f02c-4d7f-a17e-3b632f5e2e0b /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
    UUID=1f9bbd5d-869e-487a-80a6-f20664a98111 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
    tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
    devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
    sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
    proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
    

    /etc/rc.local

    • 说明:文件中放着开机需要启动的命令或脚本
    • 查看内容
    [root@39 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local 
    #!/bin/sh
    #
    # This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
    # You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
    # want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
    
    touch /var/lock/subsys/local
    
    

    /etc/profile

    • 说明:系统全局环境变量永久生效的配置文件,定义别名以及PATH变量等
    • 查看内容
    [root@39 ~]# head -5 /etc/profile
    # /etc/profile
    
    # System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
    # Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
    

    /etc/bashrc

    • 说明:放置别名
    • 查看内容
    [root@39 ~]# head -5 /etc/bashrc 
    # /etc/bashrc
    # System wide functions and aliases
    # Environment stuff goes in /etc/profile
    

    /etc/motd

    • 说明:用户登录之后显示的内容
    • 设置登录显示内容
    [root@39 ~]# echo "welcome to linux" > /etc/motd
    

    /usr/local

    • 说明:编译安装的默认安装位置
    • 查看内容
    [root@o39 ~]# ls /usr/local/
    bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  sbin  share  src
    

    /var

    • 说明:存放系统日志
    • 介绍目录:
    /var/log/ :各种系统日志存放地
    /var/log/messages :系统信息默认日志文件。按周更新
    /var/log/secure :记录用户的登录信息
    				 (什么时候登录的,是否成功,在哪登录的)
    /var/log/wtmp :记录登陆者的信息的文件
    /var/spool/cron/root :定时任务的配置文件
    

    /proc

    • 说明:虚拟内存的映射
    • 介绍目录
    /proc/cpuinfo : CPU信息
    /proc/meminfo :内存信息
    /proc/loadavg :平均负载(系统的繁忙程度)  (1min 、5min、15min)
    /proc/mounts :系统的挂载信息
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/os-linux/p/11908603.html
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