C#Modbus Rtu的实现

Modbus Rtu的实现与Modbus Tcp的实现类似 C#ModBus Tcp的学习及Master的实现

我们还是需要借用一个开源库NModbus4,在vs中.打开NuGet管理器.安装NModbus4

具体实现,具体实现与之前的Modbus Tcp的实现类似 ,只是在实例化master时将TCPClient换为串行端口资源SerialPort,并在实例化是设置好端口所需参数(端口名,波特率,校验位,停止位,数据位)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Modbus.Device;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO.Ports;

namespace ModbusRtu
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        private static IModbusMaster master;
        private static SerialPort port;
        //写线圈或写寄存器数组
        private bool[] coilsBuffer;
        private ushort[] registerBuffer;
        //功能码
        private string functionCode;
        //参数(分别为站号,起始地址,长度)
        private byte slaveAddress;
        private ushort startAddress;
        private ushort numberOfPoints;
        //串口参数
        private string portName;
        private int baudRate;
        private Parity parity;
        private int dataBits;
        private StopBits stopBits;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = 0;
            cmb_baud.SelectedIndex = 5;
            cmb_parity.SelectedIndex = 2;
            cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
            cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
        }
        private SerialPort InitSerialPortParameter()
        {
            if (cmb_portname.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_baud.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_parity.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex < 0)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请选择串口参数");
                return null;
            }
            else
            {

                portName = cmb_portname.SelectedItem.ToString();
                baudRate = int.Parse(cmb_baud.SelectedItem.ToString());
                switch (cmb_parity.SelectedItem.ToString())
                {
                    case "奇":
                        parity = Parity.Odd;
                        break;
                    case "偶":
                        parity = Parity.Even;
                        break;
                    case "无":
                        parity = Parity.None;
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                dataBits = int.Parse(cmb_databBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
                switch (cmb_stopBits.SelectedItem.ToString())
                {
                    case "1":
                        stopBits = StopBits.One;
                        break;
                    case "2":
                        stopBits = StopBits.Two;
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                port = new SerialPort(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits);
                return port;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 读/写
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                //初始化串口参数
                InitSerialPortParameter();

                master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port);

                ExecuteFunction();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("初始化异常");
            }
        }

        private async void ExecuteFunction()
        {
            try
            {
                //每次操作是要开启串口 操作完成后需要关闭串口
                //目的是为了slave更换连接是不报错
                if (port.IsOpen == false)
                {
                    port.Open();
                }
                if (functionCode != null)
                {
                    switch (functionCode)
                    {
                        case "01 Read Coils"://读取单个线圈
                            SetReadParameters();
                            coilsBuffer = master.ReadCoils(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);

                            for (int i = 0; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
                            {
                                SetMsg(coilsBuffer[i] + " ");
                            }
                            SetMsg("
");
                            break;
                        case "02 Read DisCrete Inputs"://读取输入线圈/离散量线圈
                            SetReadParameters();

                            coilsBuffer = master.ReadInputs(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
                            for (int i = 0; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++)
                            {
                                SetMsg(coilsBuffer[i] + " ");
                            }
                            SetMsg("
");
                            break;
                        case "03 Read Holding Registers"://读取保持寄存器
                            SetReadParameters();
                            registerBuffer = master.ReadHoldingRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
                            for (int i = 0; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++)
                            {
                                SetMsg(registerBuffer[i] + " ");
                            }
                            SetMsg("
");
                            break;
                        case "04 Read Input Registers"://读取输入寄存器
                            SetReadParameters();
                            registerBuffer = master.ReadInputRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints);
                            for (int i = 0; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++)
                            {
                                SetMsg(registerBuffer[i] + " ");
                            }
                            SetMsg("
");
                            break;
                        case "05 Write Single Coil"://写单个线圈
                            SetWriteParametes();
                            await master.WriteSingleCoilAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer[0]);
                            break;
                        case "06 Write Single Registers"://写单个输入线圈/离散量线圈
                            SetWriteParametes();
                            await master.WriteSingleRegisterAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer[0]);
                            break;
                        case "0F Write Multiple Coils"://写一组线圈
                            SetWriteParametes();
                            await master.WriteMultipleCoilsAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer);
                            break;
                        case "10 Write Multiple Registers"://写一组保持寄存器
                            SetWriteParametes();
                            await master.WriteMultipleRegistersAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer);
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
                    }

                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("请选择功能码!");
                }
                port.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }
        private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex >= 4)
            {
                groupBox2.Enabled = true;
                groupBox1.Enabled = false;
            }
            else
            {
                groupBox1.Enabled = true;
                groupBox2.Enabled = false;
            }
            comboBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { functionCode = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString(); }));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化读参数
        /// </summary>
        private void SetReadParameters()
        {
            if (txt_startAddr1.Text == "" || txt_slave1.Text == "" || txt_length.Text == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请填写读参数!");
            }
            else
            {
                slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave1.Text);
                startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr1.Text);
                numberOfPoints = ushort.Parse(txt_length.Text);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化写参数
        /// </summary>
        private void SetWriteParametes()
        {
            if (txt_startAddr2.Text == "" || txt_slave2.Text == "" || txt_data.Text == "")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请填写写参数!");
            }
            else
            {
                slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave2.Text);
                startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr2.Text);
                //判断是否写线圈
                if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex == 4 || comboBox1.SelectedIndex == 6)
                {
                    string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' ');
                    coilsBuffer = new bool[strarr.Length];
                    //转化为bool数组
                    for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++)
                    {
                        // strarr[i] == "0" ? coilsBuffer[i] = true : coilsBuffer[i] = false;
                        if (strarr[i] == "0")
                        {
                            coilsBuffer[i] = false;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            coilsBuffer[i] = true;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    //转化ushort数组
                    string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' ');
                    registerBuffer = new ushort[strarr.Length];
                    for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++)
                    {
                        registerBuffer[i] = ushort.Parse(strarr[i]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 清除文本
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            richTextBox1.Clear();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// SetMessage
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msg"></param>
        public void SetMsg(string msg)
        {
            richTextBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { richTextBox1.AppendText(msg); }));
        }

    }
}

接下来开始测试

在这里 因为要用到串口,而我的笔记本没有串口,所以需要借助一个工具

Virtual Serial Port Dirver 虚拟串口工具

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1opGre3GS-HWFoA_dP9qYYg

提取码：2afu 

借用这个工具我们添加两个虚拟串口 COM1和COM2 点击Add Virtual Pair 添加

设置Modbus Slave,选择连接方式为串口,选择对应端口,模式选择RTU,建立连接

接下来运行我们自己的Modbus RTU Master

设置串口参数(波特率,数据位,奇偶校验,停止位)要与Slave的串口参数一致

我们测试 功能码 0x01 读一组线圈

测试完成,数据正常,其他的功能码经测试数据正常,有兴趣的可以自行测试

到此为止,Modbus的学习到此告一段落

以上都为我自行学习并实现,如有错误之处,望大家不吝赐教,感谢(抱拳~)

程序源代码:

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mPAhRixLbsDb7h2ePENTRA
提取码：b5w6