zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • Android Asynchronous Http Client-Android异步网络请求客户端接口

    1.简介
    Android中网络请求一般使用Apache HTTP Client或者采用HttpURLConnect,但是直接使用这两个类库需要写大量的代码才能完成网络post和get请求,而使用android-async-http这个库可以大大的简化操作,它是基于Apache’s HttpClient ,所有的请求都是独立在UI主线程之外,通过回调方法处理请求结果,采用android  Handler message 机制传递信息。

    2.特性
    (1)采用异步http请求,并通过匿名内部类处理回调结果
    (2)http请求独立在UI主线程之外
    (3)采用线程池来处理并发请求
    (4)采用RequestParams类创建GET/POST参数
    (5)不需要第三方包即可支持Multipart file文件上传
    (6)大小只有25kb
    (7)自动为各种移动电话处理连接断开时请求重连
    (8)超快的自动gzip响应解码支持
    (9)使用BinaryHttpResponseHandler类下载二进制文件(如图片)
    (10) 使用JsonHttpResponseHandler类可以自动将响应结果解析为json格式
    (11)持久化cookie存储,可以将cookie保存到你的应用程序的SharedPreferences中


    3.使用方法
    (1)到官网http://loopj.com/android-async-http/下载最新的android-async-http-1.4.4.jar,然后将此jar包添加进Android应用程序 libs文件夹
    (2)通过import com.loopj.android.http.*;引入相关类
    (3)创建异步请求

    AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
    client.get("http://www.google.com", new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(String response) {
            System.out.println(response);
        }
    });


    4.建议使用静态的Http Client对象
    在下面这个例子,我们创建了静态的http client对象,使其很容易连接到Twitter的API

    import com.loopj.android.http.*;
    
    public class TwitterRestClient {
      private static final String BASE_URL = "http://api.twitter.com/1/";
    
      private static AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
    
      public static void get(String url, RequestParams params, AsyncHttpResponseHandler responseHandler) {
          client.get(getAbsoluteUrl(url), params, responseHandler);
      }
    
      public static void post(String url, RequestParams params, AsyncHttpResponseHandler responseHandler) {
          client.post(getAbsoluteUrl(url), params, responseHandler);
      }
    
      private static String getAbsoluteUrl(String relativeUrl) {
          return BASE_URL + relativeUrl;
      }
    }

    然后我们可以很容易的在代码中操作Twitter的API

    import org.json.*;
    import com.loopj.android.http.*;
    
    class TwitterRestClientUsage {
        public void getPublicTimeline() throws JSONException {
            TwitterRestClient.get("statuses/public_timeline.json", null, new JsonHttpResponseHandler() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(JSONArray timeline) {
                    // Pull out the first event on the public timeline
                    JSONObject firstEvent = timeline.get(0);
                    String tweetText = firstEvent.getString("text");
    
                    // Do something with the response
                    System.out.println(tweetText);
                }
            });
        }
    }


    5. AsyncHttpClient, RequestParams ,AsyncHttpResponseHandler三个类使用方法

    (1)AsyncHttpClient
    public class AsyncHttpClient extends java.lang.Object
     该类通常用在android应用程序中创建异步GET, POST, PUT和DELETE HTTP请求,请求参数通过RequestParams实例创建,响应通过重写匿名内部类 ResponseHandlerInterface的方法处理。
    例子:

    AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
     client.get("http://www.google.com", new ResponseHandlerInterface() {
         @Override
         public void onSuccess(String response) {
             System.out.println(response);
         }
     });

    (2)RequestParams
    public class RequestParams extends java.lang.Object 
    用于创建AsyncHttpClient实例中的请求参数(包括字符串或者文件)的集合
    例子:

    RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
     params.put("username", "james");
     params.put("password", "123456");
     params.put("email", "my@email.com");
     params.put("profile_picture", new File("pic.jpg")); // Upload a File
     params.put("profile_picture2", someInputStream); // Upload an InputStream
     params.put("profile_picture3", new ByteArrayInputStream(someBytes)); // Upload some bytes
    
     Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
     map.put("first_name", "James");
     map.put("last_name", "Smith");
     params.put("user", map); // url params: "user[first_name]=James&user[last_name]=Smith"
    
     Set<String> set = new HashSet<String>(); // unordered collection
     set.add("music");
     set.add("art");
     params.put("like", set); // url params: "like=music&like=art"
    
     List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); // Ordered collection
     list.add("Java");
     list.add("C");
     params.put("languages", list); // url params: "languages[]=Java&languages[]=C"
    
     String[] colors = { "blue", "yellow" }; // Ordered collection
     params.put("colors", colors); // url params: "colors[]=blue&colors[]=yellow"
    
     List<Map<String, String>> listOfMaps = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
     Map<String, String> user1 = new HashMap<String, String>();
     user1.put("age", "30");
     user1.put("gender", "male");
     Map<String, String> user2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
     user2.put("age", "25");
     user2.put("gender", "female");
     listOfMaps.add(user1);
     listOfMaps.add(user2);
     params.put("users", listOfMaps); // url params: "users[][age]=30&users[][gender]=male&users[][age]=25&users[][gender]=female"
    
     AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
     client.post("http://myendpoint.com", params, responseHandler);

    (3)public class AsyncHttpResponseHandler extends java.lang.Object implements ResponseHandlerInterface
    用于拦截和处理由AsyncHttpClient创建的请求。在匿名类AsyncHttpResponseHandler中的重写 onSuccess(int, org.apache.http.Header[], byte[])方法用于处理响应成功的请求。此外,你也可以重写 onFailure(int, org.apache.http.Header[], byte[], Throwable), onStart(), onFinish(), onRetry() 和onProgress(int, int)方法
    例子:

    AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
     client.get("http://www.google.com", new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
         @Override
         public void onStart() {
             // Initiated the request
         }
    
         @Override
         public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody) {
             // Successfully got a response
         }
    
         @Override
         public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] responseBody, Throwable error)
     {
             // Response failed :(
         }
    
         @Override
         public void onRetry() {
             // Request was retried
         }
    
         @Override
         public void onProgress(int bytesWritten, int totalSize) {
             // Progress notification
         }
    
         @Override
         public void onFinish() {
             // Completed the request (either success or failure)
         }
     });


    6.利用PersistentCookieStore持久化存储cookie
    PersistentCookieStore类用于实现Apache HttpClient的CookieStore接口,可以自动的将cookie保存到Android设备的SharedPreferences中,如果你打算使用cookie来管理验证会话,这个非常有用,因为用户可以保持登录状态,不管关闭还是重新打开你的app
    (1)首先创建 AsyncHttpClient实例对象

    AsyncHttpClient myClient = new AsyncHttpClient();

    (2)将客户端的cookie保存到PersistentCookieStore实例对象,带有activity或者应用程序context的构造方法

    PersistentCookieStore myCookieStore = new PersistentCookieStore(this);
    myClient.setCookieStore(myCookieStore);

    (3)任何从服务器端获取的cookie都会持久化存储到myCookieStore中,添加一个cookie到存储中,只需要构造一个新的cookie对象,并且调用addCookie方法

    BasicClientCookie newCookie = new BasicClientCookie("cookiesare", "awesome");
    newCookie.setVersion(1);
    newCookie.setDomain("mydomain.com");
    newCookie.setPath("/");
    myCookieStore.addCookie(newCookie);


    7.利用RequestParams上传文件
    类RequestParams支持multipart file 文件上传
    (1)在RequestParams 对象中添加InputStream用于上传

    InputStream myInputStream = blah;
    RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
    params.put("secret_passwords", myInputStream, "passwords.txt");

    (2)添加文件对象用于上传

    File myFile = new File("/path/to/file.png");
    RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
    try {
        params.put("profile_picture", myFile);
    } catch(FileNotFoundException e) {}

    (3)添加字节数组用于上传

    byte[] myByteArray = blah;
    RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
    params.put("soundtrack", new ByteArrayInputStream(myByteArray), "she-wolf.mp3");


    8.用BinaryHttpResponseHandler下载二进制数据

    BinaryHttpResponseHandler用于获取二进制数据如图片和其他文件
    AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
    String[] allowedContentTypes = new String[] { "image/png", "image/jpeg" };
    client.get("http://example.com/file.png", new BinaryHttpResponseHandler(allowedContentTypes) {
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(byte[] fileData) {
            // Do something with the file
        }
    });


    参考资料: http://loopj.com/android-async-http/

  • 相关阅读:
    opensuse tumbleweed中安装code
    树莓派中将caplock映射为esc键
    记录一次奇怪但是很有意义的程序编译警告
    新树莓派系统安装ROS记录
    程序的深挖
    intle官方手册下载
    slax linux的定制
    angular4 *ngFor获取index
    axios post传参后台无法接收问题
    AMD、CMD、CommonJs和 ES6对比
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/pangblog/p/3402456.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看