前沿:
有的case,需要依赖于某些特定的case才可以执行,比如,登陆获取到的cookie,每次都需要带着他,为了确保是同一个用户,必须带着和登陆获取到的同一个cookies。
大部分的用例都会先登录,那就需要把登录单独抽出来写个函数,其它用例全部的调用这个登陆函数就行。但是登录的账号不能写死,有时候我想用账号1去登录,执行用例1,用账号2去登录执行用例2,所以需要对函数传参。
登录函数传参:
把登录单独成立,写一个函数,传2个参数user和passwd,写用例的时候调用登录函数,输入几组user,passwd参数化登录用例。
测试用例传参需要用装饰器@pytest.mark.parametrize,里面写两个参数
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第一个参数是字符串,多个参数中间用逗号隔开
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第二个参数是list,多组数据用元祖类型
#!/usr/bin/env/python # -*-coding:utf-8-*- import pytest # 测试登录数据 test_login_data = [("admin", "123456"), ("admin", "")] def login(user, passwd): """普通登录函数""" print("登录账户:%s"%user) print("登录密码:%s"%passwd) if passwd: return True else: return False @pytest.mark.parametrize("user, passwd", test_login_data) def test_login(user, passwd): """登录用例""" result = login(user, passwd) assert result == True, "失败原因:密码为空"
运行结果:
.登录账户:admin 登录密码:123456 F登录账户:admin 登录密码: AssertionError: 失败原因:密码为空 True != False Expected :False Actual :True <Click to see difference> user = 'admin', passwd = '' @pytest.mark.parametrize("user, passwd", test_login_data) def test_login(user, passwd): """登录用例""" result = login(user, passwd) > assert result == True, "失败原因:密码为空" E AssertionError: 失败原因:密码为空 E assert False == True python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_01.py:25: AssertionError
request参数:
request就是我需要什么东西,用来接受参数的,用到@pytest.fixture装饰器,传参就用默认的request参数,user = request.param 这一步是接收传入的参数,本案例是传一个参数情况
#!/usr/bin/env/python # -*-coding:utf-8-*- import pytest # 测试账号数据 test_user_data = ["admin1", "admin2"] @pytest.fixture(scope="module") def login(request): user = request.param print("登录账户:%s"%user) return user @pytest.mark.parametrize("login", test_user_data, indirect=True) def test_login(login): """登录用例""" a = login print("测试用例中login的返回值:%s" % a) assert a != ""
添加indirect=True参数是为了把login当成一个函数去执行,而不是一个参数
运行结果:
登录账户:admin1
.测试用例中login的返回值:admin1
登录账户:admin2
.测试用例中login的返回值:admin2
request传2个参数:
如果用到@pytest.fixture,里面用2个参数情况,可以把多个参数用一个字典去存储,这样最终还是只传一个参数
不同的参数再从字典里面取对应key值就行,如: user = request.param["user"]
#!/usr/bin/env/python # -*-coding:utf-8-*- import pytest # 测试账号数据 test_user_data = [{"user": "admin1", "passwd": "111111"}, {"user": "admin1", "passwd": ""}] @pytest.fixture(scope="module") def login(request): user = request.param["user"] passwd = request.param["passwd"] print("登录账户:%s" % user) print("登录密码:%s" % passwd) if passwd: return True else: return False # indirect=True 声明login是个函数 @pytest.mark.parametrize("login", test_user_data, indirect=True) def test_login(login): """登录用例""" a = login print("测试用例中login的返回值:%s" % a) assert a, "失败原因:密码为空"
运行结果:
Testing started at 17:24 ... /usr/local/bin/python3.7 "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/helpers/pycharm/_jb_pytest_runner.py" --path /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself/python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_03.py Launching py.test with arguments /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself/python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_03.py in /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself ============================= test session starts ============================== platform darwin -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-3.9.1, py-1.7.0, pluggy-0.8.0 rootdir: /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself, inifile: plugins: datadir-1.2.1, allure-adaptor-1.7.10collected 2 items python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_03.py 登录账户:admin1 登录密码:111111 .测试用例中login的返回值:True 登录账户:admin1 登录密码: F测试用例中login的返回值:False python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_03.py:22 (test_login[login1]) login = False @pytest.mark.parametrize("login", test_user_data, indirect=True) def test_login(login): """登录用例""" a = login print("测试用例中login的返回值:%s" % a) > assert a, "失败原因:密码为空" E AssertionError: 失败原因:密码为空 E assert False python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_03.py:28: AssertionError [100%] =================================== FAILURES =================================== ______________________________ test_login[login1] ______________________________ login = False @pytest.mark.parametrize("login", test_user_data, indirect=True) def test_login(login): """登录用例""" a = login print("测试用例中login的返回值:%s" % a) > assert a, "失败原因:密码为空" E AssertionError: 失败原因:密码为空 E assert False python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_03.py:28: AssertionError ---------------------------- Captured stdout setup ----------------------------- 登录账户:admin1 登录密码: ----------------------------- Captured stdout call ----------------------------- 测试用例中login的返回值:False ====================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.05 seconds ====================== Process finished with exit code 0
如果要用到login里面的返回值,def test_login(login)时,传入login参数,函数返回值就是login了
多个fixture:
用例上面是可以同时放多个fixture的,也就是多个前置操作,可以支持装饰器叠加,使用parametrize装饰器叠加时,用例组合是2个参数个数相乘
#!/usr/bin/env/python # -*-coding:utf-8-*- import pytest # 测试账号数据 test_user = ["admin1", "admin2"] test_passwd = ["11111", "22222"] @pytest.fixture(scope="module") def input_user(request): user = request.param print("登录账户:%s" % user) return user @pytest.fixture(scope="module") def input_passwd(request): passwd = request.param print("登录密码:%s" % passwd) return passwd @pytest.mark.parametrize("input_user", test_user, indirect=True) @pytest.mark.parametrize("input_passwd", test_passwd, indirect=True) def test_login(input_user, input_passwd): """登录用例""" a = input_user b = input_passwd print("测试数据a-> %s, b-> %s" % (a,b)) assert b
执行结果:
Testing started at 17:30 ... /usr/local/bin/python3.7 "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/helpers/pycharm/_jb_pytest_runner.py" --path /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself/python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_04.py Launching py.test with arguments /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself/python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_04.py in /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself ============================= test session starts ============================== platform darwin -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-3.9.1, py-1.7.0, pluggy-0.8.0 rootdir: /Users/newcomer/gitByMyself, inifile: plugins: datadir-1.2.1, allure-adaptor-1.7.10collected 4 items python_work_apple/pytest_package/requestDemo/test_04.py 登录账户:admin1 登录密码:11111 .测试数据a-> admin1, b-> 11111 登录账户:admin2 .测试数据a-> admin2, b-> 11111 登录密码:22222 .测试数据a-> admin2, b-> 22222 登录账户:admin1 .测试数据a-> admin1, b-> 22222 [100%] =========================== 4 passed in 0.03 seconds =========================== Process finished with exit code 0
如果参数user有2个数据,参数passwd有2个数据,那么组合起来的案例是两个相乘,也就是组合2*2 = 4个用例