oracle单机rman备份恢复到rac

背景:xx项目需要进行数据库迁移，未避免停机时间过长，方案采用rman+恢复归档进行数据库迁移。总体步骤是：白天对单机进行全备后备份归档，然后进行目标rac环境恢复数据库，晚上确定好停机时间后，停止应用，备份归档后拿到目标rac环境进行归档恢复，恢复完毕将单机改成rac，通知业务进行应用验证。

恢复步骤如下：

1.源库先发起备份并在目标库创建adump目录

2.恢复

2.1恢复控制文件

SQL> startup nomount;

rman>restore controlfile from '/dump/CTLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201026_22_1';

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=+DATADG/xxxxxxx/controlfile/current.306.1055693865
output file name=+DATADG/xxxxxxx/controlfile/current.305.1055693865
output file name=+DATADG/xxxxxxx/controlfile/current.304.1055693865
Finished restore at 05-NOV-20

2.2将数据库mount

rman>alter database mount;

2.3检查备份情况

RMAN> list backup summary; --查看已有备份集
List of Backups
===============
Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1 B F A DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO CTL_BAK
2 B F A DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO DB_FULL_BAK
3 B F A DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO DB_FULL_BAK
4 B F A DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO DB_FULL_BAK
5 B A A DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO ARCH_BAK
RMAN> crosscheck backup; --crosscheck备份集，发现已全部标记为EXPIRED
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=6343 device type=DISK
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/arch/backup/CTLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201026_17_1 RECID=1 STAMP=1054835687
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/arch/backup/FULLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201026_18_1 RECID=2 STAMP=1054835899
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/arch/backup/FULLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201026_19_1 RECID=3 STAMP=1054839754
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/arch/backup/FULLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201026_20_1 RECID=4 STAMP=1054843361
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/arch/backup/ARCHBAK_xxxxxxx_20201026_21_1 RECID=5 STAMP=1054843374
Crosschecked 5 objects
RMAN> list backup summary; --备份集中Status=X表示备份集已失效
List of Backups
===============
Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1 B F X DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO CTL_BAK
2 B F X DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO DB_FULL_BAK
3 B F X DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO DB_FULL_BAK
4 B F X DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO DB_FULL_BAK
5 B A X DISK 26-OCT-20 1 1 NO ARCH_BAK
RMAN> delete noprompt expired backup; --删除expired的备份集信息
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/dump/FULLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201105_36_1','/dump/FULLBAK_xxxxxxx_20201105_37_1','/dump/ARCHBAK_xxxxxxx_20201105_39_1'; --注册单个备份片
RMAN> catalog start with '/dump/'; --注册整个目录

2.4编写恢复脚本并执行

rman target / log=/dump/recover1103.log<<EOF
run{
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/system01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/sysaux01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/undotbs01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/users01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_telnetopen01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_index01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_index02.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_index03.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_index04.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen02.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen03.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen04.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen05.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen06.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen07.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen08.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen09.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_snmpopen10.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for datafile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/tbs_ogg.dbf' to '+DATADG';
set newname for tempfile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/temp01.dbf' to '+DATADG';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
switch tempfile all;
}
EOF

2.5 recover数据库

RMAN> recover database;

2.6 源库停应用断监听杀会话并备份归档文件

2.7 追加归档并恢复

RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/dump/ARCHBAK_xxxxxxx_20201105_42_1';
RMAN> recover database;
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=1132
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 10/27/2020 11:49:10
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1132 and starting SCN of 1544048253
recover database until scn 1544048253;

3. 恢复1节点

3.1 修改redo组，重命名数据文件

alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo11.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo12.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo21.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo22.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo31.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo32.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo41.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/redo42.dbf' to '+DATADG';
alter database drop standby logfile group 6;
alter database drop standby logfile group 7;
alter database drop standby logfile group 8;
##alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/standby02.dbf' to '+DATADG';
##alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/standby03.dbf' to '+DATADG';
##alter database rename file '/oradata/xxxxxxx/standby04.dbf' to '+DATADG';

3.2 打开一节点

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened

4. rac添加2节点

4.1 添加2节点的redo组

alter database add logfile thread 2 group 5 ('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 6 ('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 7 ('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 8('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
##alter database add logfile thread 2 group 5 ('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
##alter database add logfile thread 2 group 9 ('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
##alter database add logfile thread 2 group 10 ('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;
##alter database add logfile thread 2 group 11('+DATADG','+DATADG') SIZE 2048M;

4.2 启动2节点

sql> select thread#,status,enabled from v$thread;
sql> alter database enable thread 2;

4.3 修改rac参数

alter system set thread=1 scope=spfile sid='xxxxxxx1';
alter system set thread=2 scope=spfile sid='xxxxxxx2';
alter system set instance_number=1 scope=spfile sid='xxxxxxx1';
alter system set instance_number=2 scope=spfile sid='xxxxxxx2';
alter system set cluster_database_instances=2 scope=spfile;
alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;

4.4 添加undo表空间并设置各节点的默认undo

create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '+DATADG' SIZE 30G AUTOEXTEND OFF;
alter system set undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' scope=spfile sid='xxxxxxx1';
alter system set undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2' scope=spfile sid='xxxxxxx2';

4.5 创建spfile，修改两个节点的pfile指向asm

create pfile from spfile;
create spfile='+DATADG' from pfile;
cat initxxxxxxx1.ora
SPFILE='+DATADG/xxxxxxx/parameterfile/spfile.275.1055714323'
initxxxxxxx2.ora
SPFILE='+DATADG/xxxxxxx/parameterfile/spfile.275.1055714323'

4.6 打开数据库，测试两个节点是否正常

4.7 在rac里面添加数据库和实例

srvctl add database -d xxxx-o /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db -p +DATADG/xxxx/parameterfile/spfile.275.1055714323
srvctl add instance -d xxxx-i xxxxx-n xxxxx
srvctl add instance -d xxxx-i xxxxx-n xxxxx

4.8 修改temp表空间并srvctl重启数据库

SQL> alter database tempfile '/oradata/xxxxxxx/temp01.dbf' drop;
Database altered.
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile '+DATADG' SIZE 30G AUTOEXTEND OFF;
Tablespace altered.