权限组件

简单实例

models.py

class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1,"超级管理员"), (2,"会员"), (3,"游客")), default=3)

permisssion.py

from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission

class VIPPermission(BasePermission):
    message = "游客无法查看该部分内容"

    def has_permission(self, request, views):
        if request.user.user_type == 3:
            return False
        return True

auth.py

from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
from rest_framework.exceptions import AuthenticationFailed
from app01 import models
import hashlib

def get_token(user_id):
    salt = "shan"
    md = hashlib.md5()
    # 通过id生成随机字符串，并加盐
    md.update(str(user_id).encode("utf8"))
    md.update(salt.encode("utf8"))
    return md.hexdigest()

class Authentication(BaseAuthentication):
    def authenticate(self, request):
        # 服务端不保存token的用户认证
        # 从请求头中取出token和用户的id，再次通过id生成token去校验(这里可改进，将id拼接到token中，这样就无需另外传id)
        token = request.META.get("HTTP_TOKEN")
        user_id = request.META.get("HTTP_ID")
        if user_id:
            confirm_token = get_token(user_id)
            if confirm_token == token:
                user_obj = models.User.objects.filter(id=user_id).first()
                # 返回的第一个参数传给request.user，在后面可直接取得登录用户对象
                return user_obj, True  # request.user,request.auth
        raise AuthenticationFailed("您尚未登录")

settings.py

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 配置全局的用户登录认证
    "DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES":["app01.service.auth.Authentication",],
    # 配置全局的权限限制
    "DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":["app01.service.permission.VIPPermission",]
}

vies.py

from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01 import models
from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
from app01.service import auth
from app01 import modelserializer

class LoginView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = []

    def post(self, request):
        respone = {"code": 100, "msg": "登录成功"}
        name = request.data.get("name")
        pwd = request.data.get('pwd')
        try:
            user_obj = models.User.objects.filter(name=name, pwd=pwd).get()
            token = auth.get_token(user_obj.id)
            respone["token"] = token
        except ObjectDoesNotExist as e:
            respone["code"] = 101
            respone["msg"] = "用户名或密码错误"
        return Response(respone)

总结：

-写一个权限类
	class MyPermision(BasePermission):
		message = '不是超级用户，查看不了'
		def has_permission(self,request,view):
			if request.user.user_type==1:
				return True
			else:
				return False
-局部使用
	-在视图类中配置：
		permission_classes=[MyPermision,]
-全局使用
	-在setting中配置
		'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES':['自定义的权限类']
-局部禁用：	
	permission_classes=[]
-返回的提示是中文：
	message=中文

源码分析

注：

　　权限类使用顺序：先用视图类中的权限类，再用settings里配置的权限类，最后用默认的权限类