LNMP安装步骤详细教程以及一键部署脚本

此文转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51573771/article/details/112535580

LNMP安装步骤详细教程以及一键部署lnmp脚本

安装包
提取码：1w3t

文章目录

• 一、安装 Nginx 服务
• 二、安装 MySQL 服务
• 三、安装配置 PHP 解析环境
• 四、一键部署LNMP脚本

一、安装 Nginx 服务

1、关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

2、安装依赖包

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

3、创建运行用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

4、编译安装

cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt/

cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
--user=nginx 
--group=nginx 
--with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

5、优化路径
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

6、添加 Nginx 系统服务

vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service

二、安装 MySQL 服务

1、安装Mysql环境依赖包
yum -y install 
ncurses 
ncurses-devel 
bison 
cmake

2、创建运行用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

3、编译安装

cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/

cmake 
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc 
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql 
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data 
-DWITH_BOOST=boost 
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

make -j 4 && make install

4、修改mysql 配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

6、设置路径环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile	
source /etc/profile

7、初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
mysqld 
--initialize-insecure 
--user=mysql 
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8、添加mysqld系统服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld

9、修改mysql 的登录密码
mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"

10、授权远程登录
mysql -u root -p

三、安装配置 PHP 解析环境

1、安装环境依赖包
yum -y install gd 
libjpeg libjpeg-devel 
libpng libpng-devel 
freetype freetype-devel 
libxml2 libxml2-devel 
zlib zlib-devel 
curl curl-devel 
openssl openssl-devel

2、编译安装
cd /opt
tar xjvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

cd php-7.1.10

./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/php 
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
--with-mysqli 
--with-zlib 
--with-curl 
--with-gd 
--with-jpeg-dir 
--with-png-dir 
--with-freetype-dir 
--with-openssl 
--enable-fpm 
--enable-mbstring 
--enable-xml 
--enable-session 
--enable-ftp 
--enable-pdo 
--enable-tokenizer 
--enable-zip

make -j 4 && make install

3、路径优化
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

4、调整PHP配置文件
php有三个配置文件： 
php.ini			主配置文件  
php-fpm.conf	进程服务配置文件 
www.conf		扩展配置文件

调整主配置文件：
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/php.ini	
vim /usr/local/php7/php.ini
--1170行--修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939行--取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

php -m 					#验证安装的模块

调整进程服务配置文件：
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
--17行--去掉";"注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

调整扩展配置文件：
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

5、启动php-fpm
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

#PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager：FastCGI 进程管理器)是一个 PHPFastCGI 管理器， 由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面，需要由 Nginx 把动态请求交给 php-fpm 进程进行解析。

6、配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
--65行--取消注释，修改
location ~ .php$ {
	root           html;
	fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
	fastcgi_index  index.php;
	fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;	#将/scripts修改为nginx的工作目录
	include        fastcgi_params;
}

systemctl restart nginx.service

7、验证PHP 测试页
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

浏览器访问
http://192.168.126.10/index.php

8、验证数据库工作是否正常

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"
mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php      		#替换原来的测试页内容

<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.126.20','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>

浏览器访问
http://192.168.126.10/index.php

四、一键部署LNMP脚本

#!bin/bash
#创建在线yum源
mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak && mv  /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/repo.bak  2>1&>/dev/null
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo  2>1&>/dev/null

yum clean all  2>1&>/dev/null
yum list  2>1&>/dev/null

#关闭防火墙，将安装Apache所需软件包传到/opt目录下
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

#安装依赖包
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

#创建运行用户、组（Nginx 服务程序默认以 nobody 身份运行，建议为其创建专门的用户账号，以便更准确地控制其访问权限）
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

#编译安装Nginx
cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
--user=nginx 
--group=nginx 
--with-http_stub_status_module
make && make install
#让系统识别nginx的操作命令
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

#添加 Nginx 系统服务
cat > /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf{,.bak}
cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf <<eof

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '
    #                  $status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer '
    #                  $http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for';
    
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    
    #gzip  on;
    
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
    
        #charset koi8-r;
    
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
    
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ .(php|php5)?$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;
    
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    
    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

eof

systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service

#安装 MySQL 服务
#安装依赖包
cd /opt
yum -y install 
ncurses 
ncurses-devel 
bison 
cmake

#创建运行用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

#编译安装
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake 
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc 
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql 
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data 
-DWITH_BOOST=boost 
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

make -j 4 && make install
cat > /etc/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
EOF

#更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

#设置路径环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile	
source /etc/profile

#初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
mysqld 
--initialize-insecure 
--user=mysql 
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

#添加mysqld系统服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld

#修改mysql 的登录密码
function abc {
passwd=$1
/usr/bin/expect <<-EOF
spawn mysqladmin -u root -p password $passwd
expect "Enter password:" 
send "
"

expect eof
EOF
}
abc "abc123"


function bcd {
/usr/bin/expect <<-EOF
spawn mysql -u root -p
expect "Enter password:" {send "abc123
"}
expect "mysql>" {send "grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
"}
expect "mysql>" {send "show databases;
"}
expect "mysql>" {send "quit
"}
expect eof
EOF
}
bcd
echo -e "33[31m mysql安装完成！33[0m"

#安装配置 PHP 解析环境
#安装环境依赖包
cd /opt
yum -y install gd 
libjpeg libjpeg-devel 
libpng libpng-devel 
freetype freetype-devel 
libxml2 libxml2-devel 
zlib zlib-devel 
curl curl-devel 
openssl openssl-devel

#编译安装
tar xjvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
cd php-7.1.10
./configure 
--prefix=/usr/local/php 
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
--with-mysqli 
--with-zlib 
--with-curl 
--with-gd 
--with-jpeg-dir 
--with-png-dir 
--with-freetype-dir 
--with-openssl 
--enable-fpm 
--enable-mbstring 
--enable-xml 
--enable-session 
--enable-ftp 
--enable-pdo 
--enable-tokenizer 
--enable-zip

make -j 4 && make install

#路径优化
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

#调整PHP配置文件
#php有三个配置文件： 
#php.ini			主配置文件  
#php-fpm.conf	进程服务配置文件 
#www.conf		扩展配置文件

#调整主配置文件
cd /usr/local/
mkdir php7
cd php7
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/php.ini

sed -i '1170d' /usr/local/php7/php.ini
sed -i "1169a mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock" /usr/local/php7/php.ini
sed -i '939d' /usr/local/php7/php.ini
sed -i "938a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai" /usr/local/php7/php.ini
#调整进程服务配置文件
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp  php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

sed -i '17c pid = run/php-fpm.pid' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

#调整扩展配置文件
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

#启动php-fpm
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

#配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析
#安装nginx已修改好

systemctl restart nginx.service

#验证PHP 测试页
cat > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php<<EOF
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
EOF