静态注册
静态注册是在启动listener时，listener会从listener.ora文件中获取服务名及相关信息。信息包括：实例名和服务名等。
--静态注册时，listener.ora中的内容如下：
1 #SID_LIST_LISTENER描述对外提供数据库服务的列表； 2 #两个实例sun，+ASM分别对应服务名orcl01，orcl02 3 SID_LIST_LISTENER = 4 ( 5 SID_LIST = 6 ( 7 SID_DESC = 8 (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) 9 (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle) 10 (PROGRAM = extproc) 11 ) 12 13 ( 14 SID_DESC = 15 (SID_NAME = sun) --提供注册的实例名 16 (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle) 17 (GLOBAL_DBNAME =orcl01) --向外提供服务名 18 ) 19 20 ( 21 SID_DESC = 22 (SID_NAME = +ASM) 23 (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle) 24 (GLOBAL_DBNAME =orcl02) 25 ) 26 ) 27 28 #LISTENER部分描述了主机地址、端口及协议 29 LISTENER = 30 (DESCRIPTION = 31 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.128)(PORT = 1521)) 32 )
--配置对应的tnsnames.ora 中的节点
1 -bash-3.00$ more tnsnames.ora 2 # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 3 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. 4 5 #通过实例名连接 6 SUN01 = 7 (DESCRIPTION = 8 (ADDRESS_LIST = 9 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521)) 10 ) 11 (CONNECT_DATA = 12 (SID = sun) 13 ) 14 ) 15 16 #通过服务名连接 17 SUN02 = 18 (DESCRIPTION = 19 (ADDRESS_LIST = 20 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521)) 21 ) 22 (CONNECT_DATA = 23 (SERVICE_NAME = orcl01) 24 ) 25 ) 26 27 #通过实例名连接 28 ASM01 = 29 (DESCRIPTION = 30 (ADDRESS_LIST = 31 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521)) 32 ) 33 (CONNECT_DATA = 34 (SID = +ASM) 35 ) 36 ) 37 38 #通过服务名连接 39 ASM02 = 40 (DESCRIPTION = 41 (ADDRESS_LIST = 42 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1521)) 43 ) 44 (CONNECT_DATA = 45 (SERVICE_NAME = orcl02) 46 ) 47 ) 48 49 50 EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA = 51 (DESCRIPTION = 52 (ADDRESS_LIST = 53 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)) 54 ) 55 (CONNECT_DATA = 56 (SID = PLSExtProc) 57 (PRESENTATION = RO) 58 ) 59 )
--启动监听
-bash-3.00$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production on 10-AUG-2013 20:50:35
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/oracle/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 10-AUG-2013 20:50:35
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl01" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "sun", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl02" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
--可以看到实例sun及实例+ASM都在被监听
1 Service "orcl01" has 1 instance(s). 2 Instance "sun", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 3 Service "orcl02" has 1 instance(s). 4 Instance "+ASM", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
从上面信息可以看到，静态注册时监听程序所获取的实例名或服务名均来自listener.ora文件
动态注册
动态注册是在instance启动的时候PMON进程根据init.ora中的instance_name,service_names两个参数将实例和服务动态注册到listener中。
- instance_name默认是：db_name
- service_names默认是：db_name.db_domain
在启动listener时，会从listener.ora读取监听配置，如果该文件不存在，则监听会在主机名对应的IP和1521端口上进行监听。但监听刚刚启动的时候，并没有注册的服务。
1.配置默认端口的动态服务注册
--关闭实例，关闭监听，备份listener.ora
1 -bash-3.00$ ls -l 2 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 603 Aug 10 20:50 listener.ora.bak 3 drwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 512 Jan 21 2013 samples 4 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 172 Dec 26 2003 shrept.lst 5 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1056 Aug 10 20:40 tnsnames.ora
--启动监听
1 -bash-3.00$ lsnrctl start 2 ......... 3 Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) 4 STATUS of the LISTENER 5 ------------------------ 6 Alias LISTENER 7 Version TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production 8 Start Date 10-AUG-2013 22:20:20 9 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec 10 Trace Level off 11 Security ON: Local OS Authentication 12 SNMP OFF 13 Listener Log File /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log 14 Listening Endpoints Summary... 15 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mysolaris)(PORT=1521))) 16 The listener supports no services 17 The command completed successfully
可以看到：监听会在主机名对应的IP和1521端口上进行监听；监听刚刚启动的时候，并没有注册的服务
--启动实例后，查看监听 发现PMON进程会将服务注册进来
1 -bash-3.00$ lsnrctl status 2 ........ 3 Listening Endpoints Summary... 4 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mysolaris)(PORT=1521))) 5 Services Summary... 6 Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s). 7 Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 8 Service "+ASM_XPT" has 1 instance(s). 9 Instance "+ASM", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 10 Service "sun" has 1 instance(s). 11 Instance "sun", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 12 Service "sun_XPT" has 1 instance(s). 13 Instance "sun", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 14 The command completed successfully
2.配置非默认端口的动态服务注册
服务器端的配置
a.配置非默认的listener.ora
1 -bash-3.00$ more listener.ora 2 3 LISTENER02 = --这个名字最好不要用默认的LISTENER 4 (DESCRIPTION_LIST = 5 (DESCRIPTION = 6 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = mysolaris)(PORT = 1522)) 7 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0)) 8 ) 9 )
b.在配置文件tnsnames.ora中加入
1 -bash-3.00$ more tnsnames.ora 2 # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 3 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. 4 5 LISTENER02 = ( 6 ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) 7 (HOST = mysolaris) 8 (PORT = 1522) 9 ) 10 -bash-3.00$
c.启动非默认的侦听器
1 -bash-3.00$ lsnrctl start LISTENER02 2 3 STATUS of the LISTENER 4 ------------------------ 5 Alias LISTENER02 6 Version TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 10.2.0.2.0 - Production 7 Start Date 10-AUG-2013 23:22:01 8 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec 9 Trace Level off 10 Security ON: Local OS Authentication 11 SNMP OFF 12 Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/network/admin/listener.ora 13 Listener Log File /u01/oracle/network/log/listener.log 14 Listening Endpoints Summary... 15 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.2.100)(PORT=1522))) 16 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0))) 17 The listener supports no services 18 The command completed successfully 19 -bash-3.00$
d.设定local_listener参数
1 SQL> alter system set local_listener = 'LISTENER02'; --LISTENER2为tnsnames.ora中的监听名称
e.手动使动态注册立即生效（此操作可有可无）
1 SQL> alter system register;