异构GoldenGate 12c 单向复制配置

1.分别在windows2008、linux平台部署oracle 11.2.0.4
2.分别在windows2008、linux平台部署gg。
    2.1 windows平台：
            gg的安装目录位
            C:ora11gproductogg_src
            
            需设置环境变量 ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID
             
    2.2 linux平台：
            gg的安装目录位  
            [oracle@Oracle02 ~]$ ls -l /u01/app/oracle/product/
            drwxrwxr-x.  3 oracle oinstall 4096 12月 13 10:21 11.2.0
            drwxr-xr-x. 26 oracle oinstall 4096 12月 13 11:24 ogg_src
            [oracle@Oracle02 ~]$ 
            
            需设置环境变量 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
            需要安装readline-devel-6.0-4.el6.x86_64.rpm（在linux平台 ）
            
3.启动ogg的mgr管理进程，source和target端做相同的操作
    3.1 启动wind的ogg的mgr
        C:ora11gproductogg_src>ggsci.exe
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 1> start mgr
        Manager started.
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 2> info mgr
        Manager is running (IP port WIN-GM5PVS1CILH.7809, Process ID 232).
    
    3.2 启动linux的ogg的mgr        
        [oracle@Oracle02 product]$ cd ogg_src
        [oracle@Oracle02 ogg_src]$ ./ggsci
        GGSCI (Oracle02) 1> start mgr
        MGR is already running.
        GGSCI (Oracle02) 2> info mgr
        Manager is running (IP port Oracle02.7809, Process ID 21213).
        GGSCI (Oracle02) 3>    
        
4准备工作，在source和target端都配置 
    4.1配置tnsnames.ora文件        
        orcl_w =
          (DESCRIPTION =
            (ADDRESS_LIST =
              (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.100)(PORT = 1521))
            )
            (CONNECT_DATA =
              (SID =orcl )
            )
          )
        orcl_L =
          (DESCRIPTION =
            (ADDRESS_LIST =
              (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.21)(PORT = 1521))
            )
            (CONNECT_DATA =
              (SID =orcl )
            )
          )      
          
    4.2 调整数据库
        #确定数据库运行在归档模式，，
        SQL> archive log list;
        Database log mode              Archive Mode
        Automatic archival             Enabled
        Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
        Oldest online log sequence     2
        Next log sequence to archive   4
        Current log sequence           4
        
        #开启数据库附加日志
        SQL> select supplemental_log_data_min from v$database; 
        SUPPLEME
        --------
        NO
        SQL> alter database add supplemental log data;
        
        SQL> select supplemental_log_data_min from v$database; 

        SUPPLEME
        --------
        YES
        
        #打开force logging
        SQL> alter database force logging;
        SQL> 
    
    4.3 创建单独用于复制的数据库账号
        SQL> create tablespace tbs_ogg; 
        SQL> create user ggs identified by ggs default tablespace tbs_ogg temporary tablespace temp account unlock; 
        SQL> grant connect,resource to ggs;
        SQL> grant select any table to ggs;
        SQL> grant select any dictionary to ggs;
        
        SQL> create tablespace tbs_ogg;
        SQL> create user ggt identified by ggt default tablespace tbs_ogg temporary tablespace temp account unlock; 
        SQL> grant connect,resource to ggt;
        SQL> grant select any table to ggt;
        SQL> grant select any dictionary to ggt;
        SQL>
            
5.准备测试用户和表    
    SQL> alter user scott identified by scott account unlock;
    SQL> grant connect,resource,select_catalog_role to scott;
    SQL>         
    SQL> conn scott/scott
    SQL> create table t1 as select * from dba_objects;        
    SQL> alter table t1 add constraint pk_t1 primary key(object_id);
    
    SQL> select count(*) from t1; //source端
      COUNT(*)
    ----------
         86045
    SQL>    
        
    SQL> select count(*) from t1; //target端，只复制表定义，不填充数据

      COUNT(*)
    ----------
             0
    SQL>
    
6.初始化加载数据
  注：在异构数据库平台，这个功能显得非常的有用！而在oracle-oracle的数据复制条件下，oracle推荐使用expdp/impdp工具
    6.1 source端添加extract进程
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 2> info mgr
        Manager is running (IP port WIN-GM5PVS1CILH.7809, Process ID 232).
        
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 3> add extract einig1,sourceistable  //sourceistable代表直接从表中读取数据
        EXTRACT added.

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 4> edit params einig1                //einig1代表extract initial load group 1缩写
        
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 5> view params einig1                //查看设置后的参数
        extract einig1
        setenv (NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK)
        userid ggs,password ggs
        rmthost 192.168.0.21,mgrport 7809
        rmttask replicat,group rinig1
        table scott.t1;
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 6>

    
    6.2 target端添加replicat进程
        GGSCI (Oracle02) 2> info mgr
        Manager is running (IP port Oracle02.7809, Process ID 21213).

        GGSCI (Oracle02) 3> add replicat rinig1,specialrun         //rinig1代表replicat initial load group 1缩写  
        REPLICAT added.

        GGSCI (Oracle02) 4> edit params rinig1                       //rinig1的名字必须同source端定义的group名字相同  

        GGSCI (Oracle02) 5> view params rinig1                     //查看设置后的参数
        replicat rinig1  
        setenv (NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK)  
        assumetargetdefs  
        userid ggt,password ggt  
        discardfile ./dirrpt/rinig1.dsc,purge  
        map scott.*,target scott.*;

        GGSCI (Oracle02) 6> 

    6.3.source端启动extract进程，查看日志输出    
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 6> start extract einig1

        Sending START request to MANAGER ...
        EXTRACT EINIG1 starting

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 7>    

    6.4 target端验证        
        SQL> conn scott/scott
        Connected.
        SQL> select count(*) from t1;

          COUNT(*)
        ----------
             81000

        SQL>     
    
        在这期间碰到几个坑，详见《OGG初始化加载数据时遇到的问题汇总》

7.配置wind,linux间的实时同步复制
    7.1 在source上配置extract进程，进程的名字不能超过8个字符    
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 2> edit params eora_t1
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 3> view params eora_t1
        extract eora_t1
        setenv (NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK)
        userid ggs@orcl_w,password ggs
        exttrail dirdat/sp
        table scott.*;
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 4>    

    7.2 开启scott用户下所有表的附加日志 (前面已经开始了数据库的附加日志，此处应该可以省略)        
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 4> dblogin userid ggs, password ggs
        Successfully logged into database.

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH as ggs@orcl) 5> add trandata scott.*    
    
    7.3 添加extract进程，添加trail文件，文件名前缀不能超过2个字符            
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 1> add extract eora_t1,tranlog,begin now
        EXTRACT added.

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 2> add exttrail dirdat/sp,extract eora_t1,megabytes 100
        EXTTRAIL added.

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 6> start extract eora_t1
        Sending START request to MANAGER ...
        EXTRACT EORA_T1 starting

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 7>
    
    7.4：添加pump进程        
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 2> edit params pora_t1
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 3> view params pora_t1
        extract pora_t1
        setenv (NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK)
        passthru
        rmthost 192.168.0.21,mgrport 7809
        rmttrail dirdat/rp
        table scott.*;
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 4>    

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 1> add extract pora_t1,exttrailsource dirdat/sp   //这里sp文件名同前面extract进程参数文件中定义的trail文件名一致        
        EXTRACT added.
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 2>        
    
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 3> add rmttrail dirdat/rp,extract pora_t1,megabytes 100 //这里rp文件名同前面pora_t1进程参数文件中定义的trail文件名一致
        RMTTRAIL added.
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 4>    
    
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 5> start extract pora_t1
        Sending START request to MANAGER ...
        EXTRACT PORA_T1 starting
        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 6> info all

        Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
        MANAGER     RUNNING
        EXTRACT     RUNNING     EORA_T1     00:00:00      00:00:07
        EXTRACT     RUNNING     PORA_T1     00:00:00      00:00:00

        GGSCI (WIN-GM5PVS1CILH) 7>    
    
    
    7.5 在target端添加检查表，配置replicat进程    
        GGSCI (Oracle02) 5> edit params ./GLOBALS  
        checkpointtable ggt.chkpt
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 2> add checkpointtable
        No checkpoint table specified. Using GLOBALS specification (ggt.chkpt)...
        Successfully created checkpoint table ggt.chkpt.
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 3>        
    
        SQL> select tname from tab;

        TNAME
        ------------------------------
        CHKPT
        CHKPT_LOX

        SQL>     
    
        #配置replicat进程
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 3> edit params rora_t1
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 4> view params rora_t1  
        replicat rora_t1  
        setenv (NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK)  
        userid ggt,password ggt  
        handlecollisions  
        assumetargetdefs  
        discardfile dirrpt/rora_t1.dsc,purge  
        map scott.* ,target scott.*;

        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 5>     
    
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 5> add replicat rora_t1,exttrail dirdat/rp
        REPLICAT added.
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 6>    
            

        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 6> start replicat rora_t1
        Sending START request to MANAGER ...
        REPLICAT RORA_T1 starting
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 7>    
    
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 7> info replicat rora_t1  
        REPLICAT   RORA_T1   Last Started 2016-12-13 17:26   Status RUNNING
        Checkpoint Lag       00:00:00 (updated 00:00:00 ago)
        Process ID           23078
        Log Read Checkpoint  File dirdat/rp000000002
                             2016-12-13 17:08:29.494703  RBA 1518
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 8>    
        
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 8> info all
        Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
        MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
        REPLICAT    RUNNING     RORA_T1     00:00:00      00:00:01    
        GGSCI (Oracle02 as ggt@orcl) 9> 
    

8.测试
    8.1数据同步
    C:UsersAdministrator>sqlplus scott/scott
    连接到:
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
    With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

    SQL> select max(object_id) from t1;

    MAX(OBJECT_ID)
    --------------
             87135

    SQL> desc t1;
     名称                                      是否为空? 类型
     ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

     OWNER                                              VARCHAR2(30)
     OBJECT_NAME                                        VARCHAR2(128)
     SUBOBJECT_NAME                                     VARCHAR2(30)
     OBJECT_ID                                 NOT NULL NUMBER
     DATA_OBJECT_ID                                     NUMBER
     OBJECT_TYPE                                        VARCHAR2(19)
     CREATED                                            DATE
     LAST_DDL_TIME                                      DATE
     TIMESTAMP                                          VARCHAR2(19)
     STATUS                                             VARCHAR2(7)
     TEMPORARY                                          VARCHAR2(1)
     GENERATED                                          VARCHAR2(1)
     SECONDARY                                          VARCHAR2(1)
     NAMESPACE                                          NUMBER
     EDITION_NAME                                       VARCHAR2(30)

    SQL> insert into t1 (object_id,object_name) values (87136,'ogg_test');

    已创建 1 行。

    SQL> commit;

    提交完成。

    SQL> conn scott/scott@orcl_L
    已连接。
    SQL> select max(object_id) from t1;

    MAX(OBJECT_ID)
    --------------
             87136

    SQL>    
    
    8.2 删除测试    
    SQL> conn scott/scott
    已连接。
    SQL> delete from t1 where object_id > 1000;
    已删除85048行。
    SQL> commit;
    提交完成。
    SQL> select max(object_id) from t1;

    MAX(OBJECT_ID)
    --------------
              1000

    SQL> conn scott/scott@orcl_L
    已连接。
    SQL>  select max(object_id) from t1;

    MAX(OBJECT_ID)
    --------------
             87136