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  • Django结合Websocket进行WebSSH的实现

    什么是webssh?

      泛指一种技术可以在网页上实现一个 终端。从而无需 之类的模拟终端工具进行 连接,将 这一比较低层的操作也从 架构扭成了 架构 这样的架构常用在运维制作开发一些堡垒机等系统中,或是目前比较新型的在线教育方式,通过向学生提供一个可以直接使用浏览器进行相关 操作或代码编写的学习方式 主要是建立客户端与服务端的即时通信

    模型

    此种 实现方式,将通过结合 以及后端的 来进行实现,所需要的技术 栈如下

    # 前端
    vue 
    websocket 
    xterm.js
    # 后端 
    django 
    dwebsocket (channels)
    paramiko 
    threading

    技术介绍  

      xterm

        前端通过xterm插件进行shell黑窗口环境的搭建,这个插件会自动解析由后台paramiko返回的带有标记样式的命令结果,并渲染到浏览器中,非常酷炫

      websocket

        这里通过websocket进行浏览器与django的数据交通桥梁

      paramiko

        paramiko此时的角色用来承担django与linux环境的交互,将前端发来的命令发送给后台,将 后台发来的命令结果返回到前端的xterm组件中

    前端实现

    vue发送websocket请求

    <template>
        <div>
            <input type="text" v-model="message">
            <p><input type="button" @click="send" value="发送"></p>
            <p><input type="button" @click="close_socket" value="关闭"></p>
        </div>
    </template>
    
    
    <script>
    export default {
        name:'ws',
        data() {
            return {
                message:'',
                testsocket:''
            }
        },
        methods:{
            send(){
               
            //    send  发送信息
            //    close 关闭连接
    
               this.testsocket.send(this.message)
               this.testsocket.onmessage = (res) => {
                console.log("WS的返回结果",res.data);
              
          }
    
            },
            close_socket(){
                this.testsocket.close()
            }
    
        },
        mounted(){
            this.testsocket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8000/ws/") 
    
    
            // onopen     定义打开时的函数
            // onclose    定义关闭时的函数
            // onmessage  定义接收数据时候的函数
            this.testsocket.onopen = function(){
                console.log("开始连接socket")
            },
            this.testsocket.onclose = function(){
                console.log("socket连接已经关闭")
            }
        }
    }
    </script>
    ws.vue

    安装xterm

    cnpm install xterm@3.1.0 --save  //指定版本安装

    在vue框架中引入xterm的样式文件

    // The Vue build version to load with the `import` command
    // (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias. import Vue from 'vue'
    import App from './App'
    import router from './router'
    import 'xterm/dist/xterm.css' // 看这里,添加xterm css文件样式
    Vue.config.productionTip = false
    /* eslint-disable no-new */
    new Vue({
      el: '#app',
      router,
      components: { App },
      template: '<App/>'
    })
    main.js

    使用xterm和websocket来实时发送命令

    <template>
      <div class="console" id="terminal"></div>
    </template>
    <script>
        import { Terminal } from 'xterm'
        import * as attach from 'xterm/lib/addons/attach/attach'
        import * as fit from 'xterm/lib/addons/fit/fit'
      export default {
        name: 'webssh',
        data () {
          return {
            
            term: null,
            terminalSocket: null,
            order:''
          }
        },
        methods: {
          
          
        },
        mounted () {
    
          //实例化一个websocket,用于和django江湖
          this.terminalSocket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8000/web/");
          //获取到后端传回的信息
          this.terminalSocket.onmessage = (res) => {
              console.log(res.data);
              // var message = JSON.parse(res.data);
              //将传回来的数据显示在xterm里
              this.term.writeln("
    "+res.data);
              //重置要发送的信息
              this.order = ""
              //换行,显示下一个开头
              this.term.write("
    $ ");
          }
        //ws连接的时候
        // this.terminalSocket.onopen = function(){
        //     console.log('websocket is Connected...')
        // }
        //ws关闭的时候
        // this.terminalSocket.onclose = function(){
        //     console.log('websocket is Closed...')
        // }
        //ws错误的时候
        // this.terminalSocket.onerror = function(){
        //     console.log('damn Websocket is broken!')
        // }
        // this.term.attach(this.terminalSocket)
        // 绑定xterm到ws流中 },
          
    
          
          let terminalContainer = document.getElementById('terminal')
          //创建xterm实例
          this.term = new Terminal({
            cursorBlink: true, // 显示光标
            cursorStyle: "underline" // 光标样式
            })                     // 创建一个新的Terminal对象
          
          this.term.open(terminalContainer)              // 将term挂载到dom节点上
    
          
          //在xterm上显示命令行提示
          this.term.write('$ ')
          //监听xterm的键盘事件
          this.term.on('key', (key, ev)=>{ 
            // key是输入的字符 ev是键盘按键事件
            console.log("key==========", ev.keyCode);
            this.term.write(key) // 将输入的字符打印到黑板中
            if (ev.keyCode == 13) { // 输入回车
                // console.log("输入回车")
                // this.term.write('$ ')
                // console.log(this.order)
                
                //使用webscoket将数据发送到django
                this.terminalSocket.send(this.order)
                // this.order=''
                console.log("里面的order",this.order)
            }else if(ev.keyCode == 8){//删除按钮
              //截取字符串[0,lenth-1]
              this.order = this.order.substr(0,this.order.length-1)
    
              //清空当前一条的命令
              this.term.write("x1b[2K
    ")
              //简化当前的新的命令显示上
              this.term.write("$ "+this.order)
    
              console.log("截取的字符串"+this.order)
              typeof this.order
            }else{// 将每次输入的字符拼凑起来
            this.order += key
            console.log("外面的order",this.order)}
            
        })
        },
         
      }
    </script>
    webssh.vue

    后端实现

    基于channels实现websocket

    安装channels

    pip install channels

    在setting的同级目录下创建routing.py

    #routing.py
    from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter
    
    application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
        # 暂时为空
    })

    配置setting

    INSTALLED_APPS = [
        'channels'
    ]
    
    ASGI_APPLICATION = "项目名.routing.application"

     启动带有ASGI的django项目

      带有ASGI的项目

       平常项目

    在app-chats中创建一个wsserver.py文件夹来保存关于websocket的处理视图

    from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
    
    class ChatService(WebsocketConsumer):
        # 当Websocket创建连接时
        def connect(self):
            #websocket保持连接
            self.accept()  
            pass
    
    
        # 当Websocket接收到消息时
        def receive(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None):
            pass
    
        # 当Websocket发生断开连接时
        def disconnect(self, code):
            pass  
    wsserver.py

    配置对应的路由

    from django.urls import path
    from chats.chatService import ChatService
    websocket_url = [
        path("ws/",ChatService)
    ]
    url.py

    在routing.py里增加关于websocket的非http请求的url

    from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter,URLRouter
    from chats.urls import websocket_url
    
    application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
        "websocket":URLRouter(
            websocket_url
        )
    })
    routing.py

    Paramiko的使用

    安装paramiko

    pip install paramiko

    使用paramiko

    from django.test import TestCase
    
    # Create your tests here.
    import paramiko
    
    class WebSsh(object):
        def client_ssh(self):
            sh = paramiko.SSHClient()  # 1 创建SSH对象
            sh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())  # 2 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
            sh.connect("10.211.55.17", username="parallels", password="beijing")  # 3 连接服务器
            stdin, stdout, stderr = sh.exec_command('ls')
            right_info = stdout.read()
            err_info = stderr.read()
    
            if right_info:
                print(right_info.decode("utf-8"))
            elif err_info:
                print(err_info.decode("utf-8"))
            else:
                print("命令执行成功")
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        a = WebSsh()
        a.client_ssh()

     webssh的后端实现

    INSTALLED_APPS=[
        'channels',
        'chats',
    ]
    
    ASGI_APPLICATION = "shiyanloupro.routing.application"
    shiyanloupro/setting.py
    from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter,URLRouter
    from chats.urls import websocket_url
    
    application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
        "websocket":URLRouter(
            websocket_url
        )
    })
    shiyanloupro/routing.py
    from django.urls import path
    from chats.chatservice import ChatService,WebSSHService
    websocket_url = [
        path("ws/",ChatService),
        path("web/",WebSSHService),
    
    ]
    chats/urls.py
    from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
    import paramiko
    
    socket_list = []
    
    class ChatService(WebsocketConsumer):
        # 当Websocket创建连接时
        def connect(self):
            self.accept()
            socket_list.append(self)
    
    
        # 当Websocket接收到消息时
        def receive(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None):
            print(text_data)  # 打印收到的数据
            for ws in socket_list:  # 遍历所有的WebsocketConsumer对象
                ws.send(text_data)  # 对每一个WebsocketConsumer对象发送数据
    
    
        # 当Websocket发生断开连接时
        def disconnect(self, code):
            print(f'sorry{self},你被女朋友抛弃了')
            socket_list.remove(self)
    
    
    class WebSSHService(WebsocketConsumer):
    
        def connect(self):
            self.accept()
            self.sh = paramiko.SSHClient()  # 1 创建SSH对象
            self.sh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())  # 2 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
            self.sh.connect("10.211.55.17", username="parallels", password="beijing")  # 3 连接服务器
            print("连接成功")
    
        def receive(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None):
            print(str(text_data))  # 打印收到的数据
            print(type(text_data))
    
            stdin, stdout, stderr = self.sh.exec_command(text_data)
    
            right_info = stdout.read()
            err_info = stderr.read()
            print(right_info)
    
            if right_info:
                new_data = right_info.decode("utf-8").replace("
    ","
    ")
                print(new_data)
                self.send(new_data)
            elif err_info:
                new_data = err_info.decode("utf-8").replace("
    ", "
    ")
                print(new_data)
                self.send(new_data)
            else:
                print(self.send("命令执行成功"))
    
    
    
    
        def disconnect(self, code):
            print(f'sorry{self},你被女朋友抛弃了')
    chats/chatservice.py
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ppzhang/p/12649951.html
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