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  • (七)7-5多进程


    多进程和多线程的区别
    多线程使用的是cpu的一个核,适合io密集型
    多进程使用的是cpu的多个核,适合运算密集型

    组件
    Python提供非常好的多进程包如:multiprocessing
    Multiprocessing支持紫禁城,通信,共享数据,执行不同形式的同步,提供是ProcessPipe,lock等组件

    multiprocessing 常用的方法

    # multiprocessing.active_children()   列出存在的子进程
    # cpu_count()                           统计cpu个数
    例:
    import  multiprocessing
    p = multiprocessing.cpu_count()
    m = multiprocessing.active_children()
    print  p
    print m
    运行结果:
    4
    []
    

      

    Process
    1、创建一个Process对象
    p = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(5,))
    注:target=函数名字
    args= 函数需要的参数,以tuple的形式传入
    2、Process常用方法
    is_alive() 判断进程是否存在
    run() 启动进程
    start() 启动进程,会自动调用run方法
    join(timeout) 等待进程结束或超时
    3、Process常用属性
    name 进程名字
    pid 进程的pid
    例子:

    import  multiprocessing
    import  time
    def worker(interval):
        time.sleep(interval)
        print "hell world!!!"
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        p = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(5,))
        p.start()
        print p.pid
        print p.is_alive()
        p.join()
        # p.join(timeout=3)     #等待紫禁城执行完毕或者超时退出
        print "end main"
        print p.name
        print p.pid
    

      运行结果:

    17348
    True
    hell world!!!
    end main
    Process-1
    17348
    

      多进程实例:

    import  time
    from datetime import  datetime
    import  multiprocessing
    now = datetime.strftime(datetime.now(),"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    def worker(name,interval):
        start = datetime.strftime(datetime.now(), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
        print " {0} start {1}".format(name,start)
        time.sleep(interval)
        end = datetime.strftime(datetime.now(), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
        print " {0} end  {1}".format(name,end)
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        print "main start"
        print  "this  computer has {0} cpu".format(multiprocessing.cpu_count())
        p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker,args=("worker1",2))
        p2 = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker,args=("worker2",3))
        p3 = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker,args=("worker3",4))
        p1.start()
        p2.start()
        p3.start()
        print  multiprocessing.cpu_count()
        for p in multiprocessing.active_children():
            print "this pid of {0} is {1}".format(p.name,p.pid)
        print  "main end"
    

      运行结果:

    main start
    this  computer has 4 cpu
    4
    this pid of Process-1 is 19872
    this pid of Process-3 is 19008
    this pid of Process-2 is 18844
    main end
     worker1 start 2017-12-08 23:40:12
     worker2 start 2017-12-08 23:40:12
     worker3 start 2017-12-08 23:40:12
     worker1 end  2017-12-08 23:40:14
     worker2 end  2017-12-08 23:40:15
     worker3 end  2017-12-08 23:40:16
    

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/pythonlx/p/8007534.html
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