远程执行命令：paramiko

paramiko模块用于通过 ssh 登录到远程客户端主机并执行命令，常见用法如下：

[root@localhost ~]$ yum install -y python-paramiko

通过用户名密码登录远程客户端主机并执行命令：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()                                                          # 创建一个ssh客户端对象
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())                           # 设置以什么方式连接远程客户端，这里配置自动协商
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.216.130', port=22, username='root', password='root')  # 通过账号密码连接远程客户端
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('date')                                    # 远程执行命令，结果会返回标准输入、标准输出、标准错误输出
print stdout.read()                                                                 # 查看执行结果
ssh.close()                                                                         # 关闭连接

[root@localhost ~]$ python 1.py 
Fri Feb  8 23:56:11 CST 2019

通过密钥登录远程客户端主机并执行命令：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()                                          # Create a new SSHClient
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/root/.ssh/id_rsa')    # Create a key object by reading a private key file
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())           # Set the policy to use when connecting to a server
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.216.130', username='root', pkey=key)  # Connect to an SSH server and authenticate to it
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('date')                    # Execute a command on the SSH server
print stdout.read()
ssh.close() 

[root@localhost ~]$ python 1.py 
Fri Feb  8 23:56:11 CST 2019

通过密钥登录远程客户端主机并上传下载文件：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import paramiko

t = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.216.130', 22))    # Create a Transport object
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/root/.ssh/id_rsa')
t.connect(username='root', pkey=key)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)    # Create an SFTP client channel from an open Transport 
sftp.get('/etc/passwd', '/tmp/passwd')          # 下载文件，把远程客户端的/etc/passwd下载到本地/tmp/passwd
sftp.put('/etc/passwd', '/tmp/passwd')          # 上传文件，把本地/etc/passwd上传到远程客户端的/tmp/passwd
t.close() 

paramiko 结合多线程批量执行命令：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys
import paramiko
import threading

def ssh(ip, cmd):
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/root/.ssh/id_rsa')
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    try:
        ssh.connect(hostname=ip, username='root', pkey=key, timeout=5)
    except:
        print('Connect Timeout!')
        sys.exit(1)
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd) 
    stdout = stdout.read()[:-1]
    stderr = stderr.read()[:-1]
    if stdout:
        print('%s: %s' % (ip, stdout))
        ssh.close()
    else:
        print('%s: %s' % (ip, stderr))
        ssh.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ipList = ['192.168.216.130', '192.168.216.131', '192.168.216.132', '192.168.216.133']

    try:
        cmd = sys.argv[1]
    except:
        print('%s follow a command' % __file__)
        sys.exit(1)
   
    for ip in ipList:
        t = threading.Thread(target=ssh, args=(ip, cmd))
        t.start()

[root@localhost ~]$ python 1.py date           
192.168.216.131: Fri Feb  8 23:56:11 CST 2019
192.168.216.132: Fri Feb  8 23:56:11 CST 2019
192.168.216.133: Fri Feb  8 23:56:11 CST 2019
192.168.216.130: Fri Feb  8 23:56:11 CST 2019