策略模式+工厂方法消除if else
假设需求为,根据不同勋章类型,处理相对应的勋章服务,优化前有以下代码:
String medalType = "guest";
if ("guest".equals(medalType)) {
System.out.println("嘉宾勋章");
} else if ("vip".equals(medalType)) {
System.out.println("会员勋章");
} else if ("guard".equals(medalType)) {
System.out.println("展示守护勋章");
}
...
首先,我们把每个条件逻辑代码块,抽象成一个公共的接口,可以得到以下代码:
//勋章接口
public interface IMedalService {
void showMedal();
String getMedalType();
}
我们根据每个逻辑条件,定义相对应的策略实现类,可得以下代码:
//守护勋章策略实现类
public class GuardMedalServiceImpl implements IMedalService {
@Override
public void showMedal() {
System.out.println("展示守护勋章");
}
@Override
public String getMedalType() {
return "guard";
}
}
//嘉宾勋章策略实现类
public class GuestMedalServiceImpl implements IMedalService {
@Override
public void showMedal() {
System.out.println("嘉宾勋章");
}
@Override
public String getMedalType() {
return "guest";
}
}
//VIP勋章策略实现类
public class VipMedalServiceImpl implements IMedalService {
@Override
public void showMedal() {
System.out.println("会员勋章");
}
@Override
public String getMedalType() {
return "vip";
}
}
接下来,我们再定义
接下来,我们再定义策略工厂类,用来管理这些勋章实现策略类,如下:
//勋章服务工产类
public class MedalServicesFactory {
private static final Map<String, IMedalService> map = new HashMap<>();
static {
map.put("guard", new GuardMedalServiceImpl());
map.put("vip", new VipMedalServiceImpl());
map.put("guest", new GuestMedalServiceImpl());
}
public static IMedalService getMedalService(String medalType) {
return map.get(medalType);
}
}
使用了策略+工厂模式之后,代码变得简洁多了,如下:
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String medalType = "guest";
IMedalService medalService = MedalServicesFactory.getMedalService(medalType);
medalService.showMedal();
}
}
使用枚举
String OrderStatusDes;
if(orderStatus==0){
OrderStatusDes ="订单未支付";
}else if(OrderStatus==1){
OrderStatusDes ="订单已支付";
}else if(OrderStatus==2){
OrderStatusDes ="已发货";
}
...
先定义一个枚举:
public enum OrderStatusEnum {
UN_PAID(0,"订单未支付"),PAIDED(1,"订单已支付"),SENDED(2,"已发货"),;
private int index;
private String desc;
public int getIndex() {
return index;
}
public String getDesc() {
return desc;
}
OrderStatusEnum(int index, String desc){
this.index = index;
this.desc =desc;
}
OrderStatusEnum of(int orderStatus) {
for (OrderStatusEnum temp : OrderStatusEnum.values()) {
if (temp.getIndex() == orderStatus) {
return temp;
}
}
return null;
}
}
有了枚举之后,以上if-else逻辑分支,可以优化为一行代码:
StringOrderStatusDes= OrderStatusEnum.0f(orderStatus).getDesc();