python-用requests库处理form-data格式的参数

工作中，有一个上传图片的接口。逻辑是这样的，先通过cid获取token，再通过token来上传图片。

获取token这些步骤先忽略，我们来看下上传图片的接口参数格式

POST data:
-----------------------------7d159c1302d0y0
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="message"
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

{"delay_time":0,"attachments":[{"area_id":2,"expiretype":1,"form_field":"first_object","metadata":{"alarmtime":"1617068785","alarmtype":3,"cid": 753383264,"devicename":"测试","deviceserial":"68731188250","id":"687311882501519870247"},"url":""}],"body":{},"channel_id":0,"subject":""}
-----------------------------7d159c1302d0y0
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="first_object"; filename="pengyuyan.jpg"
Content-Type: image/jpeg
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

<actual file content, not shown here>
-----------------------------7d159c1302d0y0--

从格式中，可以看到有file文件上传。看具体实现代码

file_path = "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\images\peng1.jpg"

data = {'message': '{"delay_time":0,"attachments":[{"area_id":2,"expiretype":1,"form_field":"first_object","metadata":{"alarmtime":"1617088512","alarmtype":3,"cid":753376406,"devicename":"测试","deviceserial":"68731188250","id":"687311882501519870247"},"url":""}],"body":{},"channel_id":0,"subject":"", "topic_id": 2}'}
files={
  'first_object':('pengyuyan',open(file_path,'rb'),'image/jpeg')  
}

#first_object格式：'first_object':(随意指定文件名,目标文件,文件类型) 

res = requests.post(url=url,files=files,data=data) 

print(res.text)

参数中，不是文件参数的我们放到data里面，文件格式的，提取请求头name的值作为字典的键，文件键值按照这种格式组织：{'first_object':(随意指定文件名,目标文件,文件类型) }