2018牛客网暑期ACM多校训练营（第十场）J Rikka with Nickname（二分，字符串）

链接：https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/148/J?&headNav=acm
来源：牛客网

Rikka with Nickname
时间限制：C/C++ 2秒，其他语言4秒
空间限制：C/C++ 262144K，其他语言524288K
64bit IO Format: %lld
题目描述
Sometimes you may want to write a sentence into your nickname like "lubenwei niubi". But how to change it into a single word? Connect them one by one like "lubenweiniubi" looks stupid.

To generate a better nickname, Rikka designs a non-trivial algorithm to merge a string sequence s1...sn into a single string. The algorithm starts with s=s1 and merges s2...sn into s one by one. The result of merging t into s is the shortest string r which satisfies s is a prefix of r and t is a subsequence of r.(If there are still multiple candidates, take the lexicographic order smallest one.)
链接：https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/148/J?&headNav=acm
来源：牛客网

For example, if we want to generate a nickname from "lubenwei niubi", we will merge "niubi" into "lubenwei", and the result is "lubenweiubi".

Now, given a sentence s1...sn with n words, Rikka wants you to calculate the resulting nickname generated by this algorithm.
输入描述:
链接：https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/148/J?&headNav=acm
来源：牛客网

输出描述:
For each testcase, output a single line with a single string, the result nickname.
链接：https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/148/J?&headNav=acm
来源：牛客网

示例1
输入
复制
2
2
lubenwei
niubi
3
aa
ab
abb
输出
复制
lubenweiubi
aabb

题意：

思路：

维护一个vector a[i] 数组，a[i]代表ans中字符i分别存在哪些位置。

对于每一个新尝试加入的字符，我们去vector中二分查找尽可能靠前的位置，如果找不到就只能老老实实的加入到ans中。

能找到的话，把位置赋值为last，在 下一次查找中使用。

细节见代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <iomanip>
#define ALL(x) (x).begin(), (x).end()
#define rt return
#define dll(x) scanf("%I64d",&x)
#define xll(x) printf("%I64d
",x)
#define sz(a) int(a.size())
#define all(a) a.begin(), a.end()
#define rep(i,x,n) for(int i=x;i<n;i++)
#define repd(i,x,n) for(int i=x;i<=n;i++)
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define pll pair<long long ,long long>
#define gbtb ios::sync_with_stdio(false),cin.tie(0),cout.tie(0)
#define MS0(X) memset((X), 0, sizeof((X)))
#define MSC0(X) memset((X), '', sizeof((X)))
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define fi first
#define se second
#define eps 1e-6
#define gg(x) getInt(&x)
#define chu(x) cout<<"["<<#x<<" "<<(x)<<"]"<<endl
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
ll gcd(ll a, ll b) {return b ? gcd(b, a % b) : a;}
ll lcm(ll a, ll b) {return a / gcd(a, b) * b;}
ll powmod(ll a, ll b, ll MOD) {ll ans = 1; while (b) {if (b % 2)ans = ans * a % MOD; a = a * a % MOD; b /= 2;} return ans;}
inline void getInt(int* p);
const int maxn = 1000010;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
/*** TEMPLATE CODE * * STARTS HERE ***/


std::vector<int> v[50];
string ans, str;
int n;
int main()
{
    //freopen("D:\common_text\code_stream\in.txt","r",stdin);
    //freopen("D:\common_textcode_stream\out.txt","w",stdout);

    int t;
    gbtb;
    cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    {
        // MS0(f);
        for (char i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; ++i)
        {
            v[i - 'a'].clear();
        }
        cin >> n;
        ans = "";
        int last = -1;
        cin >> ans;
        rep(i, 0, sz(ans))
        {
            v[ans[i] - 'a'].push_back(i);
        }
        repd(i, 2, n)
        {
            cin >> str;
            int len = str.length();
            last = -1;
            repd(j, 0, len - 1)
            {
                if (sz(v[str[j] - 'a']))
                {
                    int id = lower_bound(ALL(v[str[j] - 'a']), last) - v[str[j] - 'a'].begin();
                    if (id == sz(v[str[j] - 'a']))
                    {
                        ans.push_back(str[j]);
                        v[str[j] - 'a'].push_back(sz(ans) - 1);
                        last = inf;
                    } else
                    {
                        last = v[str[j] - 'a'][id] + 1;
                    }
                } else
                {
                    ans.push_back(str[j]);
                    v[str[j] - 'a'].push_back(sz(ans) - 1);
                    last = inf;
                }
            }
        }
        cout << ans << endl;
    }



    return 0;
}

inline void getInt(int* p) {
    char ch;
    do {
        ch = getchar();
    } while (ch == ' ' || ch == '
');
    if (ch == '-') {
        *p = -(getchar() - '0');
        while ((ch = getchar()) >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
            *p = *p * 10 - ch + '0';
        }
    }
    else {
        *p = ch - '0';
        while ((ch = getchar()) >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
            *p = *p * 10 + ch - '0';
        }
    }
}