一、创建SqlSessionFactory和SqlSession对象
1.2.什么是SqlSession?
1.3.SqlSessionFactory和SqlSession实现过程(源码分析)
SqlSessionFactory是Mybatis的关键对象,它是个单个数据库映射关系经过编译后的内存镜像。SqlSessionFactory对象的实例可以通过SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象类获得,而SqlSessionFactoryBuilder则可以从XML配置文件或者一个预先定制的Configuration的实例构建出SqlSessionFactory的实例。每一个Mybaits的应用给程序都以一个SqlSessionFactory对象的实例为核心,同时SqlSessionFactory也是线程安全的,SqlSessionFactory一旦被创建,应该在应用执行期间都存在,在应用运行期间不要重复创建多次,建议使用单例模式。SqlSessionFactory是创建SqlSession的工厂。
SqlSessionFactory接口源码如下所示:
package org.apache.ibatis.session; import java.sql.Connection; /** * Creates an {@link SqlSession} out of a connection or a DataSource * * @author Clinton Begin */ public interface SqlSessionFactory { SqlSession openSession(); SqlSession openSession(boolean autoCommit); SqlSession openSession(Connection connection); SqlSession openSession(TransactionIsolationLevel level); SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType); SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, boolean autoCommit); SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level); SqlSession openSession(ExecutorType execType, Connection connection); Configuration getConfiguration(); }
二、什么是SqlSession?
SqlSession是MyBatis的关键对象,它是应用程序与持久层之间交互操作的一个单线程对象,类似于JDBC中的Connection。SqlSession对象完全包含以数据库为背景的所有执行SQL操作的方法,它的底层封装了JDBC连接,可以用SqlSession实例来直接执行被映射的SQL语句。每个线程都应该有它自己的SqlSession实例。SqlSession的实例不能被共享,同时SqlSession也是线程不安全的,绝对不能讲SqlSeesion实例的引用放在一个类的静态字段甚至是实例字段中。也绝不能将SqlSession实例的引用放在任何类型的管理范围中,比如Servlet当中的HttpSession对象中。使用完SqlSeesion之后关闭Session很重要,应该确保使用finally块来关闭它。 示例代码有点多就不贴了,可以自己去看源码。
三、SqlSessionFactory和SqlSession实现过程
mybatis框架主要是围绕着SqlSessionFactory进行的,创建过程大概如下:
(1)、定义一个Configuration对象,其中包含数据源、事务、mapper文件资源以及影响数据库行为属性设置settings
(2)、通过配置对象,则可以创建一个SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象
(3)、通过 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 获得SqlSessionFactory 的实例。
(4)、SqlSessionFactory 的实例可以获得操作数据的SqlSession实例,通过这个实例对数据库进行操作
如果是spring+mybaits项目
application.yml文件数据库配置
spring: profiles: devnew datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://xx.xx.xxx.xxx:80331/project?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver username: xxxxxx password: xxxxxx redis: host: xx.xx.xxx.xxx port: 7000 password: xxxxxx database: 7 lettuce: pool: max-active: 1000 max-wait: 10000ms max-idle: 10
连接数据库:
/** * 数据源配置 */ @Configuration public class DruidConfig { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass()); @Value("${spring.datasource.url}") private String dbUrl; @Value("${spring.datasource.username}") private String username; @Value("${spring.datasource.password}") private String password; @Value("${spring.datasource.driver-class-name}") private String driverClassName; @Bean @Primary public DataSource druidDataSource() { DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource(); datasource.setUrl(this.dbUrl); datasource.setUsername(username); datasource.setPassword(password); datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName); datasource.setInitialSize(10); datasource.setMinIdle(10); datasource.setMaxActive(200); datasource.setMaxWait(60000); datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(45000); datasource.setValidationQuery("SELECT 1"); datasource.setTestWhileIdle(true); datasource.setTestOnBorrow(true); datasource.setTestOnReturn(false); datasource.setRemoveAbandonedTimeout(3600); try { datasource.setFilters("stat"); datasource.init(); } catch (SQLException e) { logger.error("druid configuration initialization filter", e); } return datasource; } }
SqlSessionFactory的创建:
public class SessionFactoryConfig implements TransactionManagementConfigurer { @Autowired private DataSource dataSource; private String mapper = "classpath:com/xx/xxx/mapper/**/*Mapper.xml"; //xml扫描路径 @Bean public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory() throws Exception { final SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapper)); return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } @Bean public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); } @Bean @Override public PlatformTransactionManager annotationDrivenTransactionManager() { return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource); } }
源码分析:
具体实现过程
第一步: 我们看这个方法sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
/** * {@inheritDoc} */ @Override public SqlSessionFactory getObject() throws Exception { if (this.sqlSessionFactory == null) { afterPropertiesSet(); } return this.sqlSessionFactory; }
接着我们在看 afterPropertiesSet();
@Override public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { notNull(dataSource, "Property 'dataSource' is required"); notNull(sqlSessionFactoryBuilder, "Property 'sqlSessionFactoryBuilder' is required"); state((configuration == null && configLocation == null) || !(configuration != null && configLocation != null), "Property 'configuration' and 'configLocation' can not specified with together"); this.sqlSessionFactory = buildSqlSessionFactory(); }
接着我们在看看buildSqlSessionFactory()
protected SqlSessionFactory buildSqlSessionFactory() throws IOException { Configuration configuration; XMLConfigBuilder xmlConfigBuilder = null; if (this.configuration != null) { configuration = this.configuration; if (configuration.getVariables() == null) { configuration.setVariables(this.configurationProperties); } else if (this.configurationProperties != null) { configuration.getVariables().putAll(this.configurationProperties); } } else if (this.configLocation != null) { xmlConfigBuilder = new XMLConfigBuilder(this.configLocation.getInputStream(), null, this.configurationProperties); configuration = xmlConfigBuilder.getConfiguration(); } else { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Property 'configuration' or 'configLocation' not specified, using default MyBatis Configuration"); } configuration = new Configuration(); if (this.configurationProperties != null) { configuration.setVariables(this.configurationProperties); } } if (this.objectFactory != null) { configuration.setObjectFactory(this.objectFactory); } if (this.objectWrapperFactory != null) { configuration.setObjectWrapperFactory(this.objectWrapperFactory); } if (this.vfs != null) { configuration.setVfsImpl(this.vfs); } if (hasLength(this.typeAliasesPackage)) { String[] typeAliasPackageArray = tokenizeToStringArray(this.typeAliasesPackage, ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS); for (String packageToScan : typeAliasPackageArray) { configuration.getTypeAliasRegistry().registerAliases(packageToScan, typeAliasesSuperType == null ? Object.class : typeAliasesSuperType); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Scanned package: '" + packageToScan + "' for aliases"); } } } if (!isEmpty(this.typeAliases)) { for (Class<?> typeAlias : this.typeAliases) { configuration.getTypeAliasRegistry().registerAlias(typeAlias); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Registered type alias: '" + typeAlias + "'"); } } } if (!isEmpty(this.plugins)) { for (Interceptor plugin : this.plugins) { configuration.addInterceptor(plugin); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Registered plugin: '" + plugin + "'"); } } } if (hasLength(this.typeHandlersPackage)) { String[] typeHandlersPackageArray = tokenizeToStringArray(this.typeHandlersPackage, ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS); for (String packageToScan : typeHandlersPackageArray) { configuration.getTypeHandlerRegistry().register(packageToScan); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Scanned package: '" + packageToScan + "' for type handlers"); } } } if (!isEmpty(this.typeHandlers)) { for (TypeHandler<?> typeHandler : this.typeHandlers) { configuration.getTypeHandlerRegistry().register(typeHandler); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Registered type handler: '" + typeHandler + "'"); } } } if (this.databaseIdProvider != null) {//fix #64 set databaseId before parse mapper xmls try { configuration.setDatabaseId(this.databaseIdProvider.getDatabaseId(this.dataSource)); } catch (SQLException e) { throw new NestedIOException("Failed getting a databaseId", e); } } if (this.cache != null) { configuration.addCache(this.cache); } if (xmlConfigBuilder != null) { try { xmlConfigBuilder.parse(); if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Parsed configuration file: '" + this.configLocation + "'"); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw new NestedIOException("Failed to parse config resource: " + this.configLocation, ex); } finally { ErrorContext.instance().reset(); } } if (this.transactionFactory == null) { this.transactionFactory = new SpringManagedTransactionFactory(); } configuration.setEnvironment(new Environment(this.environment, this.transactionFactory, this.dataSource)); if (!isEmpty(this.mapperLocations)) { for (Resource mapperLocation : this.mapperLocations) { if (mapperLocation == null) { continue; } try { XMLMapperBuilder xmlMapperBuilder = new XMLMapperBuilder(mapperLocation.getInputStream(), configuration, mapperLocation.toString(), configuration.getSqlFragments()); xmlMapperBuilder.parse(); } catch (Exception e) { throw new NestedIOException("Failed to parse mapping resource: '" + mapperLocation + "'", e); } finally { ErrorContext.instance().reset(); } if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Parsed mapper file: '" + mapperLocation + "'"); } } } else { if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) { LOGGER.debug("Property 'mapperLocations' was not specified or no matching resources found"); } } return this.sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(configuration); }
到此 一个SqlSessionFactory就创建好了。
1.4 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder、SqlSessionFactory、SqlSession生命周期
如果使用依赖注入框架(Spring)可不用在代码中关心作用域问题,因为依赖注入框架会为我们做好几乎一切工作。
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder
这个类可以被实例化、使用和丢弃,一旦创建了 SqlSessionFactory,就不再需要它了。因此 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 实例的最佳范围是方法范围(也就是局部方法变量)。你可以重用 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 来创建多个 SqlSessionFactory 实例,但是最好还是不要让其一直存在以保证所有的 XML 解析资源开放给更重要的事情。
SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory 一旦被创建就应该在应用的运行期间一直存在,没有任何理由对它进行清除或重建。使用 SqlSessionFactory 的最佳实践是在应用运行期间不要重复创建多次,多次重建 SqlSessionFactory 被视为一种bad smell。因此 SqlSessionFactory 的最佳范围是应用范围。有很多方法可以做到,最简单的就是使用单例模式或者静态单例模式。
SqlSession
每个线程都应该有它自己的 SqlSession 实例。SqlSession 的实例不是线程安全的,因此是不能被共享的,所以它的最佳的范围是请求或方法范围。绝对不能将 SqlSession 实例的引用放在一个类的静态域,甚至一个类的实例变量也不行。也绝不能将 SqlSession 实例的引用放在任何类型的管理范围中,比如 Serlvet 架构中的 HttpSession。如果你现在正在使用一种 Web 框架,要考虑 SqlSession 放在一个和 HTTP 请求对象相似的范围中。换句话说,每次收到的 HTTP 请求,就可以打开一个 SqlSession,返回一个响应,就关闭它。这个关闭操作是很重要的,你应该把这个关闭操作放到 finally 块中以确保每次都能执行关闭。