Spring Security快速入门

目录

• Spring Security
  • 1.Spring Security介绍
  • 2.创建工程
    • 2.1 创建SpringBoot工程勾选web,Security

Spring Security

1.Spring Security介绍

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean，充分利用了Spring IoC，DI（控制反转Inversion of Control ,DI:Dependency Injection 依赖注入）和AOP（面向切面编程）功能，为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能，减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作。

WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter: 自定义Security策略

AuthenticationManagerBuilder: 自定义认证策略

@EnableWebSecurity: 开启WebSecurity模式

“认证”（Authentication）

“授权”（Authorization）

2.创建工程

2.1 创建SpringBoot工程勾选web,Security

项目源码：https://gitee.com/ShiQingning/springsecurity-stuty

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--thymeleaf模板-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Thymeleaf加SpringSecurity整合包:-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

application.properties

#thymeleaf缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
#...其他略

在config包下创建SecurityConfig.java ,添加@EnableWebSecurity注解

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

/**
 * description: 自定义Security策略
 * AOP 拦截器
 *
 * @author sqn
 * @version 1.0
 */
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    //链式编程
    //http安全策略
    //授权
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        //首页所有人可访问，功能页只有对应有权限的人才能访问
        //请求授权的规则
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");

        //没有权限默认跳转至登录页
        http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin").usernameParameter("user").passwordParameter("pwd").loginProcessingUrl("/login").defaultSuccessUrl("/index");

        //开启注销功能,跳转回登录页
        http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/toLogin");

        //关闭防止网站攻击
        http.csrf().disable();

        //开启记住密码功能
        http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
    }


    //认证，springboot 2.1.X可以直接使用
    //密码编码：passwordEncoder
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        //这些数据正常从数据库中获得
        //下面是从内存中取得
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("root").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1", "vip2", "vip3")
                .and()
                .withUser("admin").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1", "vip2")
                .and()
                .withUser("guest").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1")
        ;
    }

}

在controller包下创建RouterController

package com.sqn.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * description: 路由跳转页面
 */
@Controller
public class RouterController {

    /**
     * description: 跳转到index页面
     */
    @RequestMapping({"/", "/index"})
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }

    /**
     * description: 跳转到login页面
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin() {
        return "views/login";
    }

    /**
     * description: 跳转到level1页面
     */
    @RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
    public String level1(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
        return "views/level1/" + id;
    }

    /**
     * description: 跳转到level2页面
     */
    @RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
    public String level2(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
        return "views/level2/" + id;
    }

    /**
     * description: 跳转到level3页面
     */
    @RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
    public String level3(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
        return "views/level3/" + id;
    }

}

在页面引入命名空间:

xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec=http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec=http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
    <title>首页</title>
    <!--semantic-ui-->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link th:href="@{/qinjiang/css/qinstyle.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">

    <div class="ui segment" id="index-header-nav" th:fragment="nav-menu">
        <div class="ui secondary menu">
            <a class="item" th:href="@{/index}">首页</a>

            <!--登录注销-->
            <div class="right menu">
                <!--未登录显示登录按钮-->
                <div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
                        <i class="address card icon"></i> 登录
                    </a>
                </div>
                <!--如果已登录，显示用户名，注销-->
                <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                    <a class="item">
                        用户名：<span sec:authentication="name"></span> ;
                        vip等级：<span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span>
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
                        <i class="sign-out icon"></i> 注销
                    </a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
        <h3>Spring Security Study</h3>
    </div>

    <div>
        <br>
        <div class="ui three column stackable grid">

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 1</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 2</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 3</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

        </div>
    </div>

</div>

<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>

</body>
</html>

最终效果：