1.构造数据:
for(i=0;i<10000;i++){ db.colle1.insert({name:"test"+i}) }
2.查询姓名为test8888的数据:
> db.colle1.find({name:"test8888"}) { "_id" : ObjectId("5ab8e6355a96a08a5b90b2bc"), "name" : "test8888" }
也是瞬间就查出来了。
利用explain进行分析查询语句:
> db.colle1.find({name:"test8888"}).explain("executionStats") { "queryPlanner" : { "plannerVersion" : 1, "namespace" : "exam.colle1", "indexFilterSet" : false, "parsedQuery" : { "name" : { "$eq" : "test8888" } }, "winningPlan" : { "stage" : "COLLSCAN", "filter" : { "name" : { "$eq" : "test8888" } }, "direction" : "forward" }, "rejectedPlans" : [ ] }, "executionStats" : { "executionSuccess" : true, "nReturned" : 1, "executionTimeMillis" : 14, "totalKeysExamined" : 0, "totalDocsExamined" : 10407, "executionStages" : { "stage" : "COLLSCAN", "filter" : { "name" : { "$eq" : "test8888" } }, "nReturned" : 1, "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 10, "works" : 10409, "advanced" : 1, "needTime" : 10407, "needYield" : 0, "saveState" : 81, "restoreState" : 81, "isEOF" : 1, "invalidates" : 0, "direction" : "forward", "docsExamined" : 10407 } }, "serverInfo" : { "host" : "root", "port" : 27017, "version" : "3.6.3", "gitVersion" : "9586e557d54ef70f9ca4b43c26892cd55257e1a5" }, "ok" : 1 }
"executionTimeMillis" : 14 比嗾使用了14 ms。
真正有用的分析SQL语句是:executionStats这一JSON对象
3.建立索引之后再次分析
1.创建索引
语法
ensureIndex()方法基本语法格式如下所示:
>db.COLLECTION_NAME.ensureIndex({KEY:1})
语法中 Key 值为你要创建的索引字段,1为指定按升序创建索引,如果你想按降序来创建索引指定为-1即可。
ensureIndex() 方法中你也可以设置使用多个字段创建索引(关系型数据库中称作复合索引)。
db.col.ensureIndex({"title":1,"description":-1})
ensureIndex() 接收可选参数,可选参数列表如下:
Parameter | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
background | Boolean | 建索引过程会阻塞其它数据库操作,background可指定以后台方式创建索引,即增加 "background" 可选参数。 "background" 默认值为false。 |
unique | Boolean | 建立的索引是否唯一。指定为true创建唯一索引。默认值为false. |
name | string | 索引的名称。如果未指定,MongoDB的通过连接索引的字段名和排序顺序生成一个索引名称。 |
dropDups | Boolean | 在建立唯一索引时是否删除重复记录,指定 true 创建唯一索引。默认值为 false. |
sparse | Boolean | 对文档中不存在的字段数据不启用索引;这个参数需要特别注意,如果设置为true的话,在索引字段中不会查询出不包含对应字段的文档.。默认值为 false. |
expireAfterSeconds | integer | 指定一个以秒为单位的数值,完成 TTL设定,设定集合的生存时间。 |
v | index version | 索引的版本号。默认的索引版本取决于mongod创建索引时运行的版本。 |
weights | document | 索引权重值,数值在 1 到 99,999 之间,表示该索引相对于其他索引字段的得分权重。 |
default_language | string | 对于文本索引,该参数决定了停用词及词干和词器的规则的列表。 默认为英语 |
language_override | string | 对于文本索引,该参数指定了包含在文档中的字段名,语言覆盖默认的language,默认值为 language. |
例如:上面我们针对name创建升序索引:
> db.colle1.ensureIndex({"name":1}) { "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false, "numIndexesBefore" : 1, "numIndexesAfter" : 2, "ok" : 1 }
再次分析上面的查询效率:
> db.colle1.find({name:"test8888"}).explain("executionStats") { "queryPlanner" : { "plannerVersion" : 1, "namespace" : "exam.colle1", "indexFilterSet" : false, "parsedQuery" : { "name" : { "$eq" : "test8888" } }, "winningPlan" : { "stage" : "FETCH", "inputStage" : { "stage" : "IXSCAN", "keyPattern" : { "name" : 1 }, "indexName" : "name_1", "isMultiKey" : false, "multiKeyPaths" : { "name" : [ ] }, "isUnique" : false, "isSparse" : false, "isPartial" : false, "indexVersion" : 2, "direction" : "forward", "indexBounds" : { "name" : [ "["test8888", "test8888"]" ] } } }, "rejectedPlans" : [ ] }, "executionStats" : { "executionSuccess" : true, "nReturned" : 1, "executionTimeMillis" : 2, "totalKeysExamined" : 1, "totalDocsExamined" : 1, "executionStages" : { "stage" : "FETCH", "nReturned" : 1, "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0, "works" : 2, "advanced" : 1, "needTime" : 0, "needYield" : 0, "saveState" : 0, "restoreState" : 0, "isEOF" : 1, "invalidates" : 0, "docsExamined" : 1, "alreadyHasObj" : 0, "inputStage" : { "stage" : "IXSCAN", "nReturned" : 1, "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0, "works" : 2, "advanced" : 1, "needTime" : 0, "needYield" : 0, "saveState" : 0, "restoreState" : 0, "isEOF" : 1, "invalidates" : 0, "keyPattern" : { "name" : 1 }, "indexName" : "name_1", "isMultiKey" : false, "multiKeyPaths" : { "name" : [ ] }, "isUnique" : false, "isSparse" : false, "isPartial" : false, "indexVersion" : 2, "direction" : "forward", "indexBounds" : { "name" : [ "["test8888", "test8888"]" ] }, "keysExamined" : 1, "seeks" : 1, "dupsTested" : 0, "dupsDropped" : 0, "seenInvalidated" : 0 } } }, "serverInfo" : { "host" : "root", "port" : 27017, "version" : "3.6.3", "gitVersion" : "9586e557d54ef70f9ca4b43c26892cd55257e1a5" }, "ok" : 1
"executionTimeMillis" : 2 表示用了2ms
2. 查看所有
> db.colle1.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 2, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_", "ns" : "exam.colle1" }, { "v" : 2, "key" : { "name" : 1 }, "name" : "name_1", "ns" : "exam.colle1" }
3.删除索引:
> db.colle1.dropIndex("name_1") #删除所有 { "nIndexesWas" : 2, "ok" : 1 } > db.colle1.getIndexes() [ { "v" : 2, "key" : { "_id" : 1 }, "name" : "_id_", "ns" : "exam.colle1" } ]