Linux--Apache Tomcat9.0.8安装及虚拟主机配置
一、环境
[root@www1 conf]# ifconfig |grep 192
inet 192.168.1.160 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet 192.168.1.161 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
[root@www1 conf]# uname -a
Linux www1.redhat7.com 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Oct 19 11:24:13 EDT 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@www1 conf]#
[root@www1 apache-tomcat-9.0.8]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_102"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_102-b14)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.102-b14, mixed mode)
[root@www1 apache-tomcat-9.0.8]
[root@www1 apache-tomcat-9.0.8]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@www1 apache-tomcat-9.0.8]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
[root@www1 apache-tomcat-9.0.8]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
二、安装
1、在https://tomcat.apache.org/index.html上下载apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz（直接解压即可使用）
2、解压到/usr/local/目录
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
3、将 apache-tomcat-9.0.8重命名为tomcat
mv /usr/local/ apache-tomcat-9.0.8 /usr/local/tomcat
三、配置虚拟主机
root@www1 conf]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/conf
[root@www1 conf]# cat server.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
-->
<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- Global JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
-->
<!--创建访问端口80-->
<Service name="Catalina">
<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
<!--
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
-->
<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
and responses are returned. Documentation at :
Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html
Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
-->
<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
<!--
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
-->
<!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
This connector uses the NIO implementation. The default
SSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/native
library and the useOpenSSL attribute of the
AprLifecycleListener.
Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless of
the SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below.
-->
<!--
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true">
<SSLHostConfig>
<Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"
type="RSA" />
</SSLHostConfig>
</Connector>
-->
<!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2
This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always uses
OpenSSL for TLS.
Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL style
configuration is used below.
-->
<!--
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
<UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
<SSLHostConfig>
<Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"
certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"
certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"
type="RSA" />
</SSLHostConfig>
</Connector>
-->
<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->
<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
-->
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)
/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
<!--
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
-->
<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
via a brute-force attack -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits
that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
available for use by the Realm. -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<!--创建虚拟主机localhost，访问方式为http://localhost/,目录为webapps -->
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" >
<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
-->
<!-- Access log processes all example.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
<Host name="www.xkq.com" appBase="myapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
<!-- 创建新的访问端口8081 -->
<Service name="Catalina2">
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina22" defaultHost="localhost">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
<!--创建虚拟主机localhost,访问方式为http://localhost:8081/,访问目录为/usr/local/tomcat/myapps -->
<Host name="localhost" appBase="/usr/local/tomcat/myapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context path="" docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/myapps" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="myapp_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
<!--创建虚拟主机192.168.1.161，访问方式：http://192.168.1.161:8081/ 访问目录为/usr/local/tomcat/myapps2 -->
<Host name="192.168.1.161" appBase="/usr/local/tomcat/myapps2"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context path="" docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/myapps2" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="myapp2_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
<!-- 创建虚拟主机www.xkq.com,访问方式为：http://www.xkq.com:8081/ 访问目录为/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT -->
<Host name="www.xkq.com" appBase="/usr/local/tomcat/webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context path="" docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="myapp3_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
四、启动页面manager App管理
[root@www1 conf]#vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml （在</tomcat-users>前添加如下内容）
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="xkq" password="xkq" roles="manager-gui"/>
[root@www1 localhost]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/Catalina/localhost/manager.xml （新建manager.xml添加如下内容）
<Context privileged="true" antiResourceLocking="false"
docBase="${catalina.home}/webapps/manager">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve" allow="^.*$" />
</Context>
五、启动和关闭
[root@www1 bin]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/bin
[root@www1 bin]# ./shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@www1 bin]# ./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@www1 bin]#
[root@www1 bin]# ps -ef|grep tomcat
root 9777 1 5 16:14 pts/0 00:00:21 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 10247 2604 0 16:21 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat
[root@www1 bin]#
注：http://blog.51cto.com/lsscto/899306解释的挺不错