分类:C#、Android、VS2015;
创建日期:2016-02-27
一、简介
这一节演示如何利用以异步方式(async、await)访问SQLite数据库。
二、示例4运行截图
下面左图为初始页面,右图为单击【创建数据库】按钮后的结果。
下面左图为单击【添加单行】按钮的结果,右图为单击【添加多行】按钮的结果。
注意:不想再像上一节的例子那样逐个添加页面了,毕竟例子的目的仅仅是为了演示最基本的异步操作用法,代码太多容易冲淡要关注的内容,所以该例子并没有去解决重复添加相同学号的记录引起的冲突问题,只是简单地把捕获的异常直接显示出来了。但是,在实际项目中,你如果也像这个例子这样去简单处理,那你肯定会挨训,呵呵。
三、主要设计步骤
1、添加对SQLite.NET.Async-PCL程序包的引用
鼠标右击项目中的【引用】à【管理NuGet程序包】,数据源选择【NuGet official package source】,在搜索框中输入【sqlite】,找到【SQLite.NET.Async-PCL】,选择最新的版本(本示例使用的是3.1.1版),然后单击【安装】。
安装程序包以后,在【解决方案资源管理器】中,就可以看出它已经替你自动添加了对SQLite.Net.Async的引用。安装的程序包及其依赖项的名称和版本见本章开头(13.0节)列出的packages.config文件。
2、创建数据库和表
在SrcDemos文件夹下添加一个MyDb4Model文件夹,该文件夹用于保存与“MyDb4.db”数据库相关的.cs文件。
(1)添加Student.cs文件
using System; using SQLite.Net.Attributes; namespace MyDemos.SrcDemos.MyDb4Model { [Table("Student")] public class Student { //主键,自动增量 [PrimaryKey,AutoIncrement] public int id { get; set; } //学号 [Unique, NotNull] public string XueHao { get; set; } //姓名 [MaxLength(30), NotNull] public string Name { get; set; } //出生日期 public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; } public override string ToString() { return string.Format( "[学号={0}, 姓名={1}, 出生日期={2:yyyy-MM-dd}] ", XueHao, Name, BirthDate); } } }
(2)添加MyDb4.cs文件
using System; using System.IO; using SQLite.Net; using SQLite.Net.Async; using SQLite.Net.Platform.XamarinAndroid; namespace MyDemos.SrcDemos.MyDb4Model { public static class MyDb4 { private static readonly string dbPath = Path.Combine( Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Personal), "MyDb4.db"); public static SQLiteAsyncConnection GetAsyncConnection() { SQLitePlatformAndroid platform = new SQLitePlatformAndroid(); SQLiteConnectionString connStr = new SQLiteConnectionString(dbPath, false); return new SQLiteAsyncConnection(()=> new SQLiteConnectionWithLock(platform, connStr)); } } }
3、添加ch1304_Main.axml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:weightSum="1"> <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:minWidth="25px" android:minHeight="25px" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/linearLayout1" android:layout_weight=".2" android:gravity="center"> <Button android:text="创建数据库" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnCreateDB" /> <Button android:text="添加单行" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnCreateSingle" /> <Button android:text="添加多行" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/btnCreateList" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical" android:minWidth="25px" android:minHeight="25px" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/linearLayout2" android:layout_weight="0.6" android:layout_marginLeft="5dp" android:layout_marginRight="5dp"> <TextView android:text="结果" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/textView1" android:textColor="#fff" /> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/txtResults" android:layout_marginTop="5dp" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:minWidth="25px" android:minHeight="25px" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/linearLayout3" android:layout_weight="0.2" /> </LinearLayout>
4、添加ch1304MainActivity.cs文件
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using Android.App; using Android.OS; using Android.Widget; using MyDemos.SrcDemos.MyDb4Model; using SQLite.Net; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace MyDemos.SrcDemos { [Activity(Label = "【例13-4】SQLite基本用法4")] public class ch1304MainActivity : Activity { protected override void OnCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { base.OnCreate(savedInstanceState); SetContentView(Resource.Layout.ch1304_Main); var btnCreate = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnCreateDB); var btnSingle = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnCreateSingle); var btnList = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnCreateList); var txtResult = FindViewById<TextView>(Resource.Id.txtResults); // 数据库创建之前禁用相关按钮 btnSingle.Enabled = btnList.Enabled = false; btnCreate.Click += async delegate { try { var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection(); await conn.CreateTableAsync<Student>(); await conn.DeleteAllAsync<Student>(); txtResult.Text = "创建成功。"; btnList.Enabled = btnSingle.Enabled = true; } catch (SQLiteException ex) { txtResult.Text = "创建失败:" + ex.Message; } }; btnSingle.Click += async delegate { var student = new Student { XueHao = "01001", Name = "张三", BirthDate = new DateTime(1995, 4, 7) }; try { var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection(); int x = await conn.InsertAsync(student); await conn.UpdateAsync(student); txtResult.Text = $"添加了 {x} 条记录。 "; txtResult.Text += await GetStudents(); } catch (SQLiteException ex) { txtResult.Text = "Error:" + ex.Message; } }; btnList.Click += async delegate { var list = new List<Student>{ new Student { XueHao="01002", Name = "李四", BirthDate = new DateTime(1995,4,8) }, new Student { XueHao="01003", Name = "王五", BirthDate = new DateTime(1995,4,9) }, new Student { XueHao="01004", Name = "赵六", BirthDate = new DateTime(1995,4,10) } }; try { var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection(); int x = await conn.InsertAllAsync(list); await conn.UpdateAllAsync(list); txtResult.Text = $"添加了 {x} 条记录。 "; txtResult.Text += await GetStudents(); } catch (SQLiteException ex) { txtResult.Text = "Error:" + ex.Message; } }; } private static async Task<string> GetStudents() { var conn = MyDb4.GetAsyncConnection(); int count = await conn.Table<Student>().CountAsync(); string s = $"当前记录数:{count} "; var data = await conn.Table<Student>().ToListAsync(); foreach (var v in data) { s += v.ToString(); } return s; } } }