abap Excel 导入

ABAP 将EXECL数据导入SAP内表的几个步骤。

本文转自：http://blog.csdn.net/szlaptop/article/details/8663451
   http://www.cnblogs.com/VerySky/articles/3204361.html

引用共同学习；

经常遇到将外部数据大批量的导出sap中。今天的需求是：批量导入BOM分配，然后批量删除。

将execl导入sap内表的函数：ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE，很好用，不过听说这个函数只能导入1万行以内的数据，具体没有验证。

Step1：声明变量：

TYPES: BEGIN OF ITAB1,
       MATNR LIKE MARA-MATNR,
       WERKS LIKE MARC-WERKS,
       END OF ITAB1.
DATA:ITAB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ITAB1 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA:WA_UPLOAD TYPE ITAB1.
DATA:IT_DATA1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ALSMEX_TABLINE WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA:FLG_WARNING LIKE CAPIFLAG-FLWARNING.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <WA_ITAB> TYPE ALSMEX_TABLINE.

Step2：画屏：

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK BLK1 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.
      PARAMETERS: FNAME1 TYPE RLGRAP-FILENAME OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK BLK1.

Step3：控制级语句：

INITIALIZATION.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR FNAME1." SEACH HELP
*  CALL FUNCTION 'F4_FILENAME'
*    EXPORTING
*      FIELD_NAME = 'FNAME1'
*    IMPORTING
*      FILE_NAME  = FNAME1.
  CALL FUNCTION 'WS_FILENAME_GET'
    EXPORTING
      MASK             = ',EXCEL FILE,*.XLS;*.XLSX;'
      MODE             = 'O' "S为保存，O为打开
    IMPORTING
      FILENAME         = FNAME1
    EXCEPTIONS
      INV_WINSYS       = 1
      NO_BATCH         = 2
      SELECTION_CANCEL = 3
      SELECTION_ERROR  = 4
      OTHERS           = 5.

START-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM INTERNAL_TABLE.
END-OF-SELECTION.

上面有2个函数，第一个函数(注释的)：F4_FILENAME ,它是获取所有后缀的文件，如图：

第2个函数：WS_FILENAME_GET，它打开的文件仅仅锁定xls。如图：

Step 4：获取数据，转化到内表

FORM INTERNAL_TABLE.
  CALL FUNCTION 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE'
  EXPORTING
    FILENAME                      = FNAME1
    I_BEGIN_COL                   = '1'
    I_BEGIN_ROW                   = '2'
    I_END_COL                     = '2'
    I_END_ROW                     = '65535'
  TABLES
    INTERN                        = IT_DATA1
 EXCEPTIONS
   INCONSISTENT_PARAMETERS       = 1
   UPLOAD_OLE                    = 2
   OTHERS                        = 3
          .
IF IT_DATA1[] IS INITIAL.
  MESSAGE '清单中无数据' TYPE 'E'.
  ENDIF.

 SORT IT_DATA1 BY ROW.

*格式转化
  LOOP AT IT_DATA1 ASSIGNING <WA_ITAB>.
  CASE <WA_ITAB>-COL.
  WHEN '0001'.
      WA_UPLOAD-WERKS = <WA_ITAB>-VALUE.
  WHEN '0002'.
      WA_UPLOAD-MATNR = <WA_ITAB>-VALUE.
  ENDCASE.
  AT END OF ROW.
      APPEND WA_UPLOAD TO ITAB.
      CLEAR WA_UPLOAD.
  ENDAT.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.

Step5. 批量删除BOM分配

FORM BOM_DELETE.

 LOOP AT ITAB.
  CALL FUNCTION 'CSAP_MAT_BOM_ALLOC_DELETE'
    EXPORTING
      MATERIAL                 = ITAB-MATNR
      PLANT                    = ITAB-WERKS
      BOM_USAGE                = '1'
*     ALTERNATIVE              =
*     FL_NO_CHANGE_DOC         = ' '
*     FL_COMMIT_AND_WAIT       = ' '
   IMPORTING
      FL_WARNING               = FLG_WARNING
     BOM_NO                   = BOM_NO
*   TABLES
*     T_PLANT                  =
   EXCEPTIONS
     ERROR                    = 1
     OTHERS                   = 2
            .

  IF FLG_WARNING = 'X'.
     WRITE :/ ITAB-WERKS,ITAB-MATNR , '删除成功'.
  ELSE.
     WRITE :/ ITAB-WERKS,ITAB-MATNR , '删除失败'.
    ENDIF.

  ENDLOOP.

 ENDFORM.

我之前写的一篇日志：ABAP 将EXECL数据导入SAP内表的几个步骤

http://blog.csdn.net/szlaptop/article/details/8663451

用的函数“ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE”，当时觉得它非常好用，但是今天要推翻这个结论了，因为发现了一个更好用的函数：

“TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP”。这个函数直接可以把execl的内容原原本本的写入到内表，不用格式转化那么麻烦。

如果该内表ITAB的数据最后要写入你的自建表里，那么还得迂回一下，因为透明表里有个MANDT客户端字段。所以得再建一个内表来迂回。

LOOP AT itab.
  CLEAR itab1.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING itab to itab1.
  APPEND itab1.
ENDLOOP.

  MODIFY zchannel FROM TABLE itab1.

  CALL FUNCTION 'TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP'
    EXPORTING
*     I_FIELD_SEPERATOR          =
     I_LINE_HEADER               = 'X'
      i_tab_raw_data             = IT_RAW
      i_filename                 = fname1
    tables
      i_tab_converted_data       = itab
   EXCEPTIONS
     CONVERSION_FAILED          = 1
     OTHERS                     = 2
            .
  IF sy-subrc <> 0.
  MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
         WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
  ENDIF.

模板下载功能：

通过下载execl模板给用户，用户按照模板填写再将数据导入SAP。

INCLUDE ZOLE2INCL.
TYPE-POOLS: TRUXS.

DATA:BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0,
     area LIKE zchannel-area,
     city LIKE zchannel-city,
     zsystem LIKE zchannel-zsystem,
     storename LIKE zchannel-storename,
     competent LIKE zchannel-competent,
     promoters LIKE zchannel-promoters,
     matnr LIKE zchannel-matnr,
     salesqty LIKE zchannel-salesqty,
     zunit LIKE zchannel-zunit,
     salesamount LIKE zchannel-salesamount,
     zdate LIKE zchannel-zdate,
  END OF itab.

data:itab1 LIKE zchannel OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA: IT_RAW TYPE TRUXS_T_TEXT_DATA.
DATA: H_EXCEL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,        " Excel object
      H_MAPL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,         " list of workbooks
      H_MAP TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,          " workbook
      H_ZL TYPE OLE2_OBJECT,           " cell
      H_F TYPE OLE2_OBJECT.            " font

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK blk1 WITH FRAME TITLE text-001.
PARAMETERS: fname1 TYPE rlgrap-filename OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK blk1.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK BLK2 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-002.
SELECTION-SCREEN: BEGIN OF LINE,
                  PUSHBUTTON 2(10) PUSH USER-COMMAND DOWN.
SELECTION-SCREEN  END OF LINE.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK BLK2.

INITIALIZATION.
  PUSH = '下载上传模板'.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
      IF SY-UCOMM = 'DOWN'.
    PERFORM DISPLAYEXCEL.
  ENDIF.
FORM DISPLAYEXCEL .
* tell user what is going on
  CALL FUNCTION 'SAPGUI_PROGRESS_INDICATOR'
     EXPORTING
*           PERCENTAGE = 0
           TEXT       = TEXT-007
       EXCEPTIONS
            OTHERS     = 1.
* start Excel
  CREATE OBJECT H_EXCEL 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'.
*  PERFORM ERR_HDL.

  SET PROPERTY OF H_EXCEL  'Visible' = 1.
*  CALL METHOD OF H_EXCEL 'FILESAVEAS' EXPORTING #1 = 'c:kis_excel.xls'
  .

*  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
* tell user what is going on
  CALL FUNCTION 'SAPGUI_PROGRESS_INDICATOR'
     EXPORTING
*           PERCENTAGE = 0
           TEXT       = TEXT-008
       EXCEPTIONS
            OTHERS     = 1.
* get list of workbooks, initially empty
  CALL METHOD OF H_EXCEL 'Workbooks' = H_MAPL.
  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
* add a new workbook
  CALL METHOD OF H_MAPL 'Add' = H_MAP.
  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
* tell user what is going on
  CALL FUNCTION 'SAPGUI_PROGRESS_INDICATOR'
     EXPORTING
*           PERCENTAGE = 0
           TEXT       = TEXT-009
       EXCEPTIONS
            OTHERS     = 1.
* output column headings to active Excel sheet
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 1 1 '区域名称'(001).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 2 1 '城市'(002).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 3 1 '所在系统'(004).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 4 1 '门店名称'(005).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 5 1 销售代表'(006).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 6 1 '促销员'(007).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 7 1 '物料号'(008).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 8 1 '数量'(009).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 9 1 '单位'(009).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 10 1 '金额'(010).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 1 11 1 '日期'(011).

  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 1 0 '北京'(001).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 2 0 '北京'(002).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 3 0 '天系统'(003).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 4 0 '奥体天'(004).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 5 0 '白小夏'(005).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 6 0 '夏小白'(006).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 7 0 'A00-000001'(007).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 8 0 '3'(008).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 9 0 '包'(009).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 10 0 '38.8'(010).
  PERFORM FILL_CELL USING 2 11 0 '20130420'(011).

ENDFORM.                    "displayexcel

FORM ERR_HDL.
  IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
    WRITE: / 'Fehler bei OLE-Automation:'(010), SY-SUBRC.
    STOP.
  ENDIF.
ENDFORM.

FORM FILL_CELL USING I J BOLD VAL.
  CALL METHOD OF H_EXCEL 'Cells' = H_ZL EXPORTING #1 = I #2 = J.
  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
  SET PROPERTY OF H_ZL 'Value' = VAL .
  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
  GET PROPERTY OF H_ZL 'Font' = H_F.
  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
  SET PROPERTY OF H_F 'Bold' = BOLD .
  PERFORM ERR_HDL.
ENDFORM.                    "FILL_CELL

TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP实例

http://blog.csdn.net/liangziyisheng/article/details/6995896

之前尝试很多次使用gui_upload去上传excel数据，每次都出现乱码，不管中文英文都乱码。 至今不知道gui_upload是否支持excel文件上传，它的每个参数都尝试了，修改参数貌似并不能解决它出现乱码的事实。

于是想到用ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE，这个函数用起来有点蛋疼，不能使用自定义的格式，必须要定义一个和它规定的格式的内表来接收传来的值，完了要loop这个内表，再一条一条sign的自定义格式的内表中去。

后来选择用：TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP，这个函数用起来挺方便，没有乱码现象，还可以去掉首行，最重要的是能返回自己需要的格式的内表。

以下是实例：

TYPE-POOLS truxs. DATA:it_raw TYPE truxs_t_text_data.
*定义一个内表来存储数据，内表的列数和要传得数据的列数要相同，其按照列来匹配传值 DATA: BEGIN OF gt_data OCCURS 0,      col1 TYPE char10,      col2 TYPE char10,       END OF gt_data.
*生成一个parameters元素，给其加上on value-request事件（在parameters上点击F4时触发）
PARAMETERS:p_file TYPE rlgrap-filename.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR p_file.
  CLEAR p_file.
  CALL FUNCTION 'F4_FILENAME'     IMPORTING       file_name = p_file."返回文件名
*Excel传值 START-OF-SELECTION.   PERFORM exceltotab.   PERFORM display_data.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *&      Form  exceltotab *&---------------------------------------------------------------------* *       text *----------------------------------------------------------------------* FORM exceltotab .
  CALL FUNCTION 'TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP'   EXPORTING * I_FIELD_SEPERATOR = *  i_line_header = 'X'   i_tab_raw_data = it_raw " WORK TABLE   i_filename = p_file   TABLES   i_tab_converted_data = gt_data[] "ACTUAL DATA   EXCEPTIONS   conversion_failed = 1   OTHERS = 2.
  IF sy-subrc <> 0.     MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno     WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.   ENDIF.
ENDFORM.                    "exceltotab

FUNCTION ‘TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP’ 在R/3 4.6C中的BUG

发布者: wzeng | 发布时间: 2013-1-10 14:56| 查看数: 469| 评论数: 0|帖子模式

http://www.guruface.net/guruface/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=935&from=portal

 

R/3 4.6C系统，CALL FUNCTION ‘TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP’，把EXCEL数据读取到内表时，遇到以下问题：

1.EXCEL中第一行是标题，调用FM时，参数I_LINE_HEADER=’X’

读第一条数据时，会把标题放入“值是空的字段”

2.模板中前两行是标题，调用FM时，参数I_LINE_HEADER=”，然后再把前两行数据删除

100*N+1行，有把标题放入“值是空的字段”的情况

以上问题在SAP ECC 6.0中没有发现

解决方法：

改用FUNCTION ‘ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE’