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  • sed 和awk的执行方式

    sed

    测试案例:

        在有cat的行末开始追加<---,直到有dog的行结束  

    [root@L shells]# cat catDog.txt 
    snake
    snake
    pig
    bird
    dog
    cat 
    snake  
    pig
    bird
    snake
    cat
    bird
    dog 
    bird
    tiger
    snake
    bird
    cat
    lion
    ji
    sdf  

    一.命令

    [root@L shells]# sed '/cat/,/dog/s/$/<---/' catDog.txt 
    snake
    snake
    pig
    bird
    dog
    cat <---
    snake  <---
    pig<---
    bird<---
    snake<---
    cat<---
    bird<---
    dog <---
    bird
    tiger
    snake
    bird
    cat<---
    lion<---
    ji<---
    sdf<---

    二.sed脚本

    [root@L shells]# cat sed.txt
    /cat/,/dog/s/$/<---/
    [root@L shells]# sed -f sed.txt catDog.txt 
    snake
    snake
    pig
    bird
    dog
    cat <---
    snake  <---
    pig<---
    bird<---
    snake<---
    cat<---
    bird<---
    dog <---
    bird
    tiger
    snake
    bird
    cat<---
    lion<---
    ji<---
    sdf<---

    awk

      测试案例 :

        把文本按行倒序排列

    [root@L shells]# cat zancun.txt 
    11111
    22222
    33333
    44444
    55555

    一.命令 

    [root@L shells]# awk '{line[NR]=$0}END{for(i=NR;i>0;i--){print line[i]}}' zancun.txt
    55555
    44444
    33333
    22222
    11111

    二.awk脚本

    [root@L shells]# cat awk.txt 
    {line[NR]=$0}END{for(i=NR;i>0;i--){print line[i]}}
    [root@L shells]# awk -f awk.txt zancun.txt 
    55555
    44444
    33333
    22222
    11111
    [root@room9pc01 ~]# cat awk.txt
    BEGIN{FS=":";printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s 
    ","User","UID","Home"}
    {printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s 
    ",$1,$3,$5}  # %10s   占10个位置    -左对齐 
    END{printf ""Total",NR"lines"}
    [root@room9pc01 ~]# awk -f awk.txt /etc/passwd
    User                           UID        Home                           
    root                           0          root                           
    bin                            1          bin                            
    daemon                         2          daemon                         
    adm                            3          adm                            
    lp                             4          lp                             
    sync                           5          sync                           
    shutdown                       6          shutdown                       
    halt                           7          halt                           
    mail                           8          mail                           
    operator                       11         operator                       
    games                          12         games                          
    ftp                            14         FTP User                       
    nobody                         99         Nobody                         
    avahi-autoipd                  170        Avahi IPv4LL Stack             
    systemd-bus-proxy              999        systemd Bus Proxy              
    systemd-network                998        systemd Network Management     
    dbus                           81         System message bus             
    polkitd                        997        User for polkitd               
    abrt                           173                                       
    tss                            59         Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon 
    unbound                        996        Unbound DNS resolver           
    usbmuxd                        113        usbmuxd user                   
    colord                         995        User for colord                
    saslauth                       994        Saslauthd user                 
    libstoragemgmt                 993        daemon account for libstoragemgmt 
    geoclue                        992        User for geoclue               
    rpc                            32         Rpcbind Daemon                 
    setroubleshoot                 991                                       
    rtkit                          172        RealtimeKit                    
    qemu                           107        qemu user                      
    rpcuser                        29         RPC Service User               
    nfsnobody                      65534      Anonymous NFS User             
    radvd                          75         radvd user                     
    chrony                         990                                       
    pulse                          171        PulseAudio System Daemon       
    gdm                            42                                        
    gnome-initial-setup            989                                       
    avahi                          70         Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack        
    postfix                        89                                        
    sshd                           74         Privilege-separated SSH        
    ntp                            38                                        
    tcpdump                        72                                        
    Student                        1000                                      
    apache                         48         Apache                         
    mysql                          27         MariaDB Server                 
    Total 45lines

      

    三.shell脚本 

    [root@L shells]# cat zancun.txt 
    11111
    22222
    33333
    44444
    55555
    [root@L shells]# cat awk.sh
    #!/usr/bin/awk -f 
    #FileName:  :awk.sh
    #Description:
    #
    #Author     :root
    #Date       :2018-12-17 
    BEGIN{}
    {line[NR]=$0}
    END{
        for(i=NR;i>0;i--){
            print line[i]
        }
    }
    
    [root@L shells]# ./awk.sh zancun.txt 
    55555
    44444
    33333
    22222
    11111
    [root@room9pc01 ~]# cat awk.awk
    #!/usr/bin/awk -f
    BEGIN{
        FS=":";
        printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s 
    ","User","UID","Home"
    }
    {
        printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s 
    ",$1,$3,$5
    }  # %10s   占10个位置    -左对齐 
    END{
        print "Total",NR"lines"
    }
    [root@room9pc01 ~]# ./awk.awk /etc/passwd
    User                           UID        Home                           
    root                           0          root                           
    bin                            1          bin                            
    daemon                         2          daemon                         
    adm                            3          adm                            
    lp                             4          lp                             
    sync                           5          sync                           
    shutdown                       6          shutdown                       
    halt                           7          halt                           
    mail                           8          mail                           
    operator                       11         operator                       
    games                          12         games                          
    ftp                            14         FTP User                       
    nobody                         99         Nobody                         
    avahi-autoipd                  170        Avahi IPv4LL Stack             
    systemd-bus-proxy              999        systemd Bus Proxy              
    systemd-network                998        systemd Network Management     
    dbus                           81         System message bus             
    polkitd                        997        User for polkitd               
    abrt                           173                                       
    tss                            59         Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon 
    unbound                        996        Unbound DNS resolver           
    usbmuxd                        113        usbmuxd user                   
    colord                         995        User for colord                
    saslauth                       994        Saslauthd user                 
    libstoragemgmt                 993        daemon account for libstoragemgmt 
    geoclue                        992        User for geoclue               
    rpc                            32         Rpcbind Daemon                 
    setroubleshoot                 991                                       
    rtkit                          172        RealtimeKit                    
    qemu                           107        qemu user                      
    rpcuser                        29         RPC Service User               
    nfsnobody                      65534      Anonymous NFS User             
    radvd                          75         radvd user                     
    chrony                         990                                       
    pulse                          171        PulseAudio System Daemon       
    gdm                            42                                        
    gnome-initial-setup            989                                       
    avahi                          70         Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack        
    postfix                        89                                        
    sshd                           74         Privilege-separated SSH        
    ntp                            38                                        
    tcpdump                        72                                        
    Student                        1000                                      
    apache                         48         Apache                         
    mysql                          27         MariaDB Server                 
    Total 45lines
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ray-mmss/p/10131691.html
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