centos6.10中部署percona-mysql双实例的方法
数据库的同步关系：192.168.11.53(master) --> slave(192.168.10.189) --> task slave:3307(192.168.11.53)
1.新增配置文件
2.使用新的配置文件初始化数据库
3.启动数据库
4.升级root密码并新增task系统的用户
背景：cms内容管理系统和task任务发布系统(即把html/css/js/图片等内容发布到海外的系统)在同一台服务器中
使用相同的mysql数据库实例，不同数据库
观察发现系统做了大量的关于task系统的查询，耗费了数据库性能
为了避免task和cmsx不相互影响，启用新的mysql实例，将数据库剥离开
不同的应用使用不同的数据库实例
即在cms服务器中同时启动监听 3306 和 3307 的mysql数据库
一、启动新的3307示例，并把task作为192.168.10.189的slave
1.将目标数据库task从 192.168.10.189 从库中备份出来，并记录position作为新实例同步依据
mysqldump -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock -B -F -R --skip-add-locks --single-transaction --triggers --routines --events --skip-tz-utc task > /opt/task_$(date +%F).sql
# 记录下主库的position
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000532 | 100722038 | | | |
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.启动新的实例，并导入task数据库
新增数据库配置(启动3307端口使用的配置)
注意：需要将不同步的数据库排除：
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
replicate_wild_ignore_table = mysql.%
[root@newcms:/usr/local/mysql-sniffer]# cat /etc/my_3307.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
# 8核 16G
# This is for a system with little memory (16G) where MySQL plays
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3307
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
datadir = /data/mysql_data_3307
pid-file = /data/mysql_data_3307/mysql.pid
basedir = /usr/local/mysql3307
tmpdir = /tmp
#此开关默认为NULL，即不允许导入导出。
#secure-file-priv = /opt/upload
#-------------------------------gobal variables------------------------#
#默认关闭，涉及到timestamp类型的列自动更新的问题
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
###transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64 #以便在server收集写集合的同时将其记录到二进制日志。并且是行更改后的唯一标识此标识将用于检测冲突。
###loose-group_replication_group_name = 'ce9be252-2b71-11e6-b8f4-00212889f856' #组的名字可以随便起,但不能用主机的GTID
###loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off #为了避免每次启动自动引导具有相同名称的第二个组,所以设置为OFF。
###loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off #同上
###loose-group_replication_local_address = '192.168.1.88:33071' #写自己主机所在IP
###loose-group_replication_group_seeds ='192.168.1.88:33071,192.168.1.89:33071,192.168.1.90:33071'
###loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = off #关闭单主模式的参数
###loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks = on #开启多主模式的参数
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
skip-ssl
#memory is 16G
key_buffer_size = 32M
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 1024
sort_buffer_size = 4M
net_buffer_length = 32K
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
open_files_limit = 10000
thread_cache_size = 400
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_size = 32M
max_write_lock_count = 300
wait_timeout = 120
interactive_timeout = 120
net_read_timeout = 120
net_write_timeout = 120
max_connections = 800
max_user_connections = 750
max_connect_errors = 10000
max_allowed_packet = 512M
back_log = 2048
log_timestamps = system
performance_schema = OFF
character_set_server = utf8mb4
##当链接数耗尽后，通过设置别用端口，让root可以登录
extra_max_connections = 2
extra_port = 13307
###让mysql不区分大小写敏感
lower_case_table_names = 1
#explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
#----------------Myisam--------------------------------#
myisam_recover_options = DEFAULT
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 512M
myisam_repair_threads = 1
#if the query is exec time great than 2 seconds, the query will log to slow log if slowlog is enabled.
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log = On
slow-query-log-file = /data/mysql_data_3307/slow.log
show_compatibility_56 = on
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
#----------------------------MySQL Log----------------#
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin = mysql-bin
expire_logs_days = 20
log_error = error.log
log_error_verbosity = 1
log_warnings = 1
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format = row
relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
relay-log-index = relay.index
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
server-id = 1
sql-mode = "NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
#sql-mode = "NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
sync_binlog = 1
log_slave_updates = 1
#binlog_checksum = NONE
#------------------------------replicate--------------#
#排除不需要同步的库表
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-ignore-db = sys
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
replicate-ignore-db = performance_schema
replicate-ignore-db = undolog
replicate-ignore-db = for_nagios
replicate-ignore-db = undolog
replicate-ignore-db = akamai_task
replicate-ignore-db = bugfree
replicate-ignore-db = cart_jp
replicate-ignore-db = cms123
replicate-ignore-db = cms_com_br
replicate-ignore-db = cms_com_mx
replicate-ignore-db = cms_de
replicate-ignore-db = cms_de_new
replicate-ignore-db = cms_es
replicate-ignore-db = cms_fr
replicate-ignore-db = cms_freecms
replicate-ignore-db = cms_global
replicate-ignore-db = cms_it
replicate-ignore-db = cms_traffic
replicate-ignore-db = cmscouponcode
replicate-ignore-db = cmsnet
replicate-ignore-db = cmsphoto
replicate-ignore-db = cmstask
replicate-ignore-db = ftp_db
replicate-ignore-db = pt_monitor
replicate-ignore-db = task_bak
replicate-ignore-db = test
replicate-ignore-db = ws_amvdb
replicate-ignore-db = ws_dm_device
replicate-ignore-db = ws_fantashow30
replicate-ignore-db = wsjp_cart
replicate_wild_ignore_table = mysql.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = sys.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = information_schema.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = performance_schema.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = undolog.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = for_nagios.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = undolog.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = akamai_task.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = bugfree.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cart_jp.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms123.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_com_br.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_com_mx.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_de.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_de_new.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_es.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_fr.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_freecms.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_global.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_it.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cms_traffic.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cmscouponcode.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cmsnet.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cmsphoto.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = cmstask.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = ftp_db.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = pt_monitor.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = task_bak.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = test.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = ws_amvdb.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = ws_dm_device.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = ws_fantashow30.%
replicate_wild_ignore_table = wsjp_cart.%
#主主复制需要开启
#auto_increment_offset= 2
#auto_increment_increment= 2
#GTID模式复制，需要开启如下
#gtid_mode = ON
#enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
#并发复制
slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave-parallel-workers = 0
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_recovery = ON
#跳过slave进程启动参数
#skip-slave-start
#如果实例为从库，则需要设置为on
#read_only = on
#skip-grant-tables
#--------------------------------------------------------innoDB------------#
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql_data_3307
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G;ibdata2:1G:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql_data_3307
innodb_undo_directory = /data/mysql_data_3307/undolog/
innodb_undo_logs = 128
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
#innodb_use_sys_malloc = 0
#innodb_page_size = 8192
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 8M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
#每次事务提交时MySQL都会把log buffer的数据写入log file，并且flush(刷到磁盘)中去，该模式为系统默认
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
#启用独立表空间
innodb_file_per_table = 1
#CPU是1颗8核的，那么可以设置
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
#默认是0，则表示没有并发线程数限制，所有请求都会直接请求线程执行，当并发用户线程数量小于64，建议设置innodb_thread_concurrency=0，在大多数情况下，最佳的值是小于并接近虚拟CPU的个数
innodb_thread_concurrency = 12
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 75
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_purge_threads = 10
innodb_large_prefix = 1
#参数待测试
#innodb_io_capacity = 20000
#innodb_io_capacity_max = 40000
#根据CPU核心数来设定
thread_pool_size = 8
#thread_handling = pool-of-threads
thread_pool_oversubscribe = 24
#thread_handling = pool-of-threads
thread_pool_stall_limit = 100
thread_pool_max_threads = 30
#解释： 在启动时把热数据加载到内存。
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
#解释： 在关闭时把热数据dump到本地磁盘
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
##默认是8M, 如果一次insert数据量比较多的话, 可以适当增加
innodb_autoextend_increment = 32
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 512M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
#key_buffer_size = 20M
#sort_buffer_size = 20M
key_buffer_size = 200M
sort_buffer_size = 200M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqld_safe]
#控制文件打开数的show global status like 'open%file%';比较合适的设置：Open_files / open_files_limit * 100% <= 75%
open-files-limit = 65535
log-error = /data/mysql_data_3307/error.log
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
3.初始化并启动3307示例数据库
/usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my_3307.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql3307 --datadir=/data/mysql_data_3307
nohup /usr/local/percona-server-5.7.24/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my_3307.cnf &
4.导入task库到新实例中
5.启动主从同步 3307 的task --> 192.168.10.189(master)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000532 | 100722038 | | | |
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
change master to master_host='192.168.10.189',master_user='rep',master_password='wsdb123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000532',master_log_pos=100722038;
# sql shell命令行 下执行 关闭数据库的命令
# shutdown;
# 添加备份用户
GRANT RELOAD, PROCESS, SUPER, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE TABLESPACE ON *.* TO 'xtrabackup'@'localhost' identified by 'pass';
flush privileges;
# 新增只对127.0.0.1有权限的root链接账号
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'pass' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;
# 修改root用户密码
update mysql.user set authentication_string = password('pass'), password_expired = 'N', password_last_changed = now() where user = 'root';
# 对单个数据库授权
grant select,insert,update,delete on task.* to task_user_write@"%" identified by "pass";