6、Python Requests库高级操作【2】

概要：

• 验证码识别
• 模拟登录

1、验证码识别

案例需求：

• 将古诗文网中的验证码进行识别

• 需要基于一些线上的打码平台进行验证码识别

  • 需要将页面中的验证码图片进行下载，然后将其提交给平台进行识别

• 常用的打码平台：

  • 超级鹰：

  • 云打码

  • 打码兔、

    等等等。。。

import random
from lxml import etree
import requests
headers = {
    'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.61 Safari/537.36',
}

url = 'https://so.gushiwen.org/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.org/user/collect.aspx'
page_text = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers).text
tree = etree.HTML(page_text)
img_src = 'https://so.gushiwen.org'+tree.xpath('//*[@id="imgCode"]/@src')[0]
img_data = requests.get(url=img_src,headers=headers).content
with open('./code.jpg','wb') as fp:
    fp.write(img_data)

使用超级鹰进行验证码识别

官网：https://www.chaojiying.com/

使用流程

• 注册：注意用户中心的账号
• 登录：登录用户中心身份的账号
• 题分充值
• 创建一个软件ID：905940
• 下载平台提供的示例代码

完整代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding:utf-8

import requests
from hashlib import md5

class Chaojiying_Client(object):

    def __init__(self, username, password, soft_id):
        self.username = username
        password =  password.encode('utf8')
        self.password = md5(password).hexdigest()
        self.soft_id = soft_id
        self.base_params = {
            'user': self.username,
            'pass2': self.password,
            'softid': self.soft_id,
        }
        self.headers = {
            'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0)',
        }

    def PostPic(self, im, codetype):
        """
        im: 图片字节
        codetype: 题目类型 参考 http://www.chaojiying.com/price.html
        """
        params = {
            'codetype': codetype,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        files = {'userfile': ('ccc.jpg', im)}
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/Processing.php', data=params, files=files, headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

    def ReportError(self, im_id):
        """
        im_id:报错题目的图片ID
        """
        params = {
            'id': im_id,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/ReportError.php', data=params, headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    def transform_codeImg(imgPath,imgType):
        chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('xjs2020', 'xxxxx', '905940')	#用户中心>>软件ID 生成一个替换 96001
        im = open(imgPath, 'rb').read()#本地图片文件路径 来替换 a.jpg 有时WIN系统须要
        #return chaojiying.PostPic(im, imgType)['pic_str']#1902 验证码类型  
         print(chaojiying.PostPic(im, imgType)['pic_str'])
    	
    transform_codeImg('./code.jpg',1004)

>>>llvm

2、模拟登录

模拟登录古诗文网

• 动态变化的请求参数，如何处理？
  • 两种处理方式
    • 有可能会隐藏在前台页面源码中
    • 有可能是存在于某一个js函数代码
      • 基于抓包工具做全局搜索

完整代码

from lxml import etree
import requests
from hashlib import md5

class Chaojiying_Client(object):

    def __init__(self, username, password, soft_id):
        self.username = username
        password =  password.encode('utf8')
        self.password = md5(password).hexdigest()
        self.soft_id = soft_id
        self.base_params = {
            'user': self.username,
            'pass2': self.password,
            'softid': self.soft_id,
        }
        self.headers = {
            'Connection': 'Keep-Alive',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0)',
        }

    def PostPic(self, im, codetype):
        """
        im: 图片字节
        codetype: 题目类型 参考 http://www.chaojiying.com/price.html
        """
        params = {
            'codetype': codetype,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        files = {'userfile': ('ccc.jpg', im)}
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/Processing.php', data=params, files=files, headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

    def ReportError(self, im_id):
        """
        im_id:报错题目的图片ID
        """
        params = {
            'id': im_id,
        }
        params.update(self.base_params)
        r = requests.post('http://upload.chaojiying.net/Upload/ReportError.php', data=params, headers=self.headers)
        return r.json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    def transform_codeImg(imgPath,imgType):
        chaojiying = Chaojiying_Client('xjs2020', 'xxxx', '905940')	#用户中心>>软件ID 生成一个替换 96001
        im = open(imgPath, 'rb').read()#本地图片文件路径 来替换 a.jpg 有时WIN系统须要//
        return chaojiying.PostPic(im, imgType)['pic_str']#1902 验证码类型  官方网站>>价格体系 3.4+版 print 后要加()

    session = requests.Session()
    url = 'https://so.gushiwen.org/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.org/user/collect.aspx'
    page_text = session.get(url,headers=headers).text
    tree = etree.HTML(page_text)
    img_src = 'https://so.gushiwen.org'+tree.xpath('//*[@id="imgCode"]/@src')[0]
    img_data = session.get(url=img_src,headers=headers).content
    __VIEWSTATE = tree.xpath('//*[@id="__VIEWSTATE"]/@value')[0]
    __VIEWSTATEGENERATOR = tree.xpath('//*[@id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR"]/@value')[0]
    with open('./code.jpg','wb') as fp:
        fp.write(img_data)

    code_text = transform_codeImg('./code.jpg',1004)#验证码内容
    print(code_text)
    login_url = 'https://so.gushiwen.org/user/login.aspx?from=http%3a%2f%2fso.gushiwen.org%2fuser%2fcollect.aspx'
    data = {
        '__VIEWSTATE': __VIEWSTATE,
        '__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR': __VIEWSTATEGENERATOR,
        'from': 'http://so.gushiwen.org/user/collect.aspx',
        'email': '15801500903',
        'pwd': 'xxxxxx',
        'code': code_text,
        'denglu': '登录',
    }

    page_text = session.post(url=login_url,headers=headers,data=data).text
    with open('./login.html','w',encoding='utf-8') as fp:
        fp.write(page_text)

登录成功效果图