简单的数据库连接池实例(java语言)

1.概述

频繁的创建和销毁数据库连接消耗非常多的系统资源，创建一个池子， 管理一定数量的连接，用的时候去池中取，用完了放回池中，这时比较通用的做法。

2.关键字

LinkedList  synchronized  InvocationHandler  CountDownLatch

3. 代码

3.1 ConnectionPool.java

package com.rocky.pool;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.LinkedList;

public class ConnectionPool {

    private LinkedList<Connection> pool = new LinkedList<Connection>();
    
    public ConnectionPool(int initialSize){
        if(initialSize > 0){
            for(int i=0; i<initialSize; i++){
                pool.addLast(ConnectionDriver.createConection());
            }
        }
    }
    
    public void releaseConnection(Connection connection){
        if(connection != null){
            synchronized (pool) {
                //连接释放后 要进行通知 这样其他消费者能够感知池中已经归还了一个连接
                pool.addLast(connection);
//                pool.notifyAll();//all
                pool.notify();//all
                
            }
        }
    }
    
    public  Connection fetchConnection(long mills) throws InterruptedException{
        synchronized (pool) {
            //超时
            if(mills <= 0){
                while(pool.isEmpty()){
                    pool.wait();
                }
                return pool.removeFirst();
            }else{
                long future = System.currentTimeMillis() + mills;
                long remaining = mills;
                while(pool.isEmpty() && remaining >0){
                    pool.wait(remaining);
                    remaining = future - System.currentTimeMillis();
                }
                Connection result = null;
                if(!pool.isEmpty()){
                    result = pool.removeFirst();
                }
                return result;
            }
        }
        
    }
}

3.2 ConnectionDriver.java

package com.rocky.pool;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.sql.Connection;

public class ConnectionDriver {

    static class ConnectionHandler implements InvocationHandler{
        @Override
        public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
            if(method.getName().equals("commit")){
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
    
    //创建一个connection的代理
    public static Connection createConection(){
        return (Connection) Proxy.newProxyInstance(ConnectionDriver.class.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[]{Connection.class},new ConnectionHandler());
    } 
}

3.3 ConnectionPoolTest.java

package com.rocky.pool;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class ConnectionPoolTest {

    static ConnectionPool pool = new ConnectionPool(10);
    
    //保证所有runner能够同时运行
    static CountDownLatch start = new CountDownLatch(1);
    
    static CountDownLatch end ;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int threadCount = 20;
        
        end = new CountDownLatch(threadCount);
        
        int count = 20;
        AtomicInteger got = new AtomicInteger();
        AtomicInteger notGot = new AtomicInteger();
        for(int i=0; i<threadCount; i++){
            Thread thread = new Thread(new ConnectionRunner(count, got, notGot), "ConectionRunnerThread"+i);
            thread.start();
        }
        start.countDown();
        end.await();
        System.out.println("total invoke: "+ (threadCount) * count);
        System.out.println("got connection: "+got);
        System.out.println("not got connection "+ notGot);
    }
    
    static class ConnectionRunner implements Runnable{

        int count ;
        AtomicInteger got;
        AtomicInteger notGot;
        public ConnectionRunner(int count, AtomicInteger got, AtomicInteger notGot){
            this.count = count;
            this.got = got;
            this.notGot = notGot;
        }
        
        @Override
        public void run() {

            try {
                start.await();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            while(count > 0){
                try {
                    Connection connection = pool.fetchConnection(1000);
                    if(connection != null){
                        try{
                            connection.createStatement();
                            connection.commit();
                        }finally{
                            pool.releaseConnection(connection);
                            got.incrementAndGet();
                        }
                    }else{
                        notGot.incrementAndGet();
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException | SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally{
                    count--;
                }
            }
            end.countDown();
        }
        
    }
    
}

3.4 说明

通过改变main方法中的threadCount的数量可以观察 随着线程数的增加 获取连接命中的比例在下降，

这时因为连接池中的连接数一定(10个) 而客户端线程会等待并超时返回。