1. 场景
系统方法调用时无状态的,同时因为网络原因,或者系统暂时故障,进行的重试
2. maven 依赖
<projectxmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.dalong.spring.io</groupId><artifactId>springretrydemo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version></parent><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId><artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId><version>1.1.5.RELEASE</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$ --></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.geronimo.bundles</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.6.8_2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin><plugin><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.1</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$ --><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>
3. 定义 service 并标注retry 策略
注解驱动,方法驱动
@ServicepublicclassFirstService{@Retryable(value=RemoteAccessException.class,maxAttempts=3,backoff=@Backoff(delay =5000l,multiplier =1))publicString service(String value){// ... do somethingSystem.out.println("do something...");if(null==value||"".equals(value)){thrownewRemoteAccessException("RPC调用异常");}else{return"dalong demo info";}}@RecoverpublicString recover(RemoteAccessException e){// ... panicSystem.out.println(e.getMessage());System.out.println("rong method");return e.getMessage();}}
使用retrytemplate
@ServicepublicclassMyService2{@AutowiredpublicUserOperator userOperator;publicUserInfo getUserinfo()throwsTimeoutException{RetryTemplate template =newRetryTemplate();TimeoutRetryPolicy policy =newTimeoutRetryPolicy();policy.setTimeout(1000L);template.setRetryPolicy(policy);UserInfo result = template.execute(newRetryCallback<UserInfo,TimeoutException>(){@OverridepublicUserInfo doWithRetry(RetryContext context)throwsTimeoutException{// TODO Auto-generated method stubUserInfo info =null;info = userOperator.getUserinfo();return info;}},newRecoveryCallback<UserInfo>(){@OverridepublicUserInfo recover(RetryContext context)throwsException{// TODO Auto-generated method stubUserInfo inf =newUserInfo();inf.setDate(newDate());inf.setAge(333);inf.setInfo("default");return inf;}});return result;}}
UserOperator 服务
@ServicepublicclassUserOperator{publicUserInfo getUserinfo()throwsTimeoutException{UserInfo info =newUserInfo();info.setDate(newDate());info.setAge(333);info.setInfo("dddddd");try{Thread.sleep(2000);}catch(InterruptedException e){// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();thrownewTimeoutException("timeout");}return info;}}
4. rest api 调用
@AutowiredpublicMyService2 myService2;@RequestMapping(value ="/user", method =RequestMethod.GET)publicObject getuser()throwsTimeoutException{UserInfo info =null;info = myService2.getUserinfo();return info;// return "this is demo";}
5. 类似的解决方案
netflix 公司的hystrix ,目前spring cloud 已经进行了集成封装,也可以单独进行使用。
6. 重试策略的说明
- org.springframework.retry.policy.SimpleRetryPolicy
该策略定义了对指定的异常进行若干次重试。默认情况下,对Exception异常及其子类重试3次。如果创建SimpleRetryPolicy并指定重试异常map,可以选择性重试或不进行重试。下面的代码定义了对TimeOutException进行重试 - org.springframework.retry.policy.NeverRetryPolicy
执行一次待执行操作,若出现异常后不进行重试。 - org.springframework.retry.policy.AlwaysRetryPolicy
异常后一直重试直到成功。 - org.springframework.retry.policy.TimeoutRetryPolicy
在执行execute方法时从open操作开始到调用TimeoutRetryPolicy的canRetry方法这之间所经过的时间。这段时间未超过TimeoutRetryPolicy定义的超时时间,那么执行操作,否则抛出异常。 -
org.springframework.retry.policy.ExceptionClassifierRetryPolicy
根据产生的异常选择重试策略。
-
org.springframework.retry.policy.CompositeRetryPolicy
用户指定一组策略,随后根据optimistic选项来确认如何重试。