camera host的驱动
下面开始分析camera host吧,如果仅仅是想知道camera sensor驱动怎么写,而不想知道内部具体怎么个调用流程,怎么个架构设计,那可以跳过该部分,直接去看i2c camera sensor的驱动了。前面说了我们选择at91平台,那对应的camera host 文件就是drivers/media/platform/soc_camera/atmel-isi.c
了。
static struct platform_driver atmel_isi_driver = {
.remove = atmel_isi_remove,
.driver = {
.name = "atmel_isi",
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
},
};
module_platform_driver_probe(atmel_isi_driver, atmel_isi_probe);
直接看atmel_isi_probe
吧,它怎么和它对应的平台设备匹配的过程就不再描述了,和上面说的类似,具体实现在文件arch/arm/mach-at91/at91sam9g45_devices.c
里。
atmel_isi_probe
里面有一部分会设计到该soc isi(camera host)的硬件初始化,我这里不跟踪进去,只是将和camera sensor驱动相关的代码摘取出来:
static int atmel_isi_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
unsigned int irq;
struct atmel_isi *isi;
struct resource *regs;
int ret, i;
struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
struct soc_camera_host *soc_host;
struct isi_platform_data *pdata;
.....
.....
.....
soc_host = &isi->soc_host;
soc_host->drv_name = "isi-camera";
soc_host->ops = &isi_soc_camera_host_ops;
soc_host->priv = isi;
soc_host->v4l2_dev.dev = &pdev->dev;
soc_host->nr = pdev->id;
ret = soc_camera_host_register(soc_host);
if (ret) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Unable to register soc camera host
");
goto err_register_soc_camera_host;
}
return 0;
.....
.....
.....
return ret;
}
这里我们会开始接触第三个重要的数据结构soc_camera_host
,他在内核里代表的就是一个camera host设备。另外,第四个重要的数据结构soc_camera_host_ops
,它是soc_camera
架构为camera host定义的,用来实现所有host相关的操作回调。soc_camera
在适当的时候,会调用里面的接口。camera host驱动主要工作的一部分就是实现该数据结构了。里面有一句soc_host->v4l2_dev.dev = &pdev->dev;
表示soc_camera_host
内嵌的v4l2框架定义的父对象(子对象v4l2_subdev
,后面会出现的)对应的设备就是该camera host平台设备。将soc_camera_host
进行适当的初始化后,再调用soc_camera
架构定义的api soc_camera_host_register
来实现camera host的注册。也就是在这里,会处理上面soc_camera_device_register
注册进系统的camera sensor了。它里面核心的动作主要有两个
第一个,ret = v4l2_device_register(ici->v4l2_dev.dev, &ici->v4l2_dev),
这是v4l2框架给出的api,camera host在v4l2架构里面应该算是一个v4l2_device
,camera里面的sensor控制部分,即i2c设备对应就应该是v4l2_subdev
了。
第二个,scan_add_host(ici)
,就是这个函数完成了对soc_camera_device_register
注册进系统的camera的扫描及处理。
static void scan_add_host(struct soc_camera_host *ici)
{
struct soc_camera_device *icd;
mutex_lock(&list_lock);
list_for_each_entry(icd, &devices, list)
if (icd->iface == ici->nr) {
struct soc_camera_desc *sdesc = to_soc_camera_desc(icd);
struct soc_camera_subdev_desc *ssdd = &sdesc->subdev_desc;
/* The camera could have been already on, try to reset */
if (ssdd->reset)
ssdd->reset(icd->pdev);
icd->parent = ici->v4l2_dev.dev;
/* Ignore errors */
soc_camera_probe(ici, icd);
}
mutex_unlock(&list_lock);
}
它主要就是扫描devices全局链表,找里面icd->iface和自己的nr相同的。这里的icd->iface其实就是在soc_camera_link
里面的bus_id,而nr对应着camera host平台设备描述信息里面的id。这里找到匹配的设备后,就调用soc_camera_probe(ici, icd)
来处理挂载在该总线上的设备了。传入的两个参数ici,是我们camera host驱动分配并初始化的数据结构,由camera host负责初始化它里面的v4l2_dev
以及ops等等,而icd是通用驱动soc_camera
分配并根据我们在扳级相关的文件里面用soc_camera_link
描述的信息初始化的对象。另外,还一个需要注意的地方,icd->parent = ici->v4l2_dev.dev;
这里指定icd,也就是soc camera的parent为camera host,ici->v4l2_dev.dev
就代表着camera host platform device对应的device,不信请回到atmel_isi_probe
,里面有一句soc_host->v4l2_dev.dev = &pdev->dev;
可以证实啦。这其实很好理解啦,camera host 当然就应该是camera的parent,对吧!
到这里,host driver就开始正式的访问那些之前就注册到全局链表devices里面camera了(icd)。分析之前,可以想象一下,它会做什么事情呢?我觉得怎么也得将扳级相关的文件里面用soc_camera_link
的board_info
对应的i2c控制部分给处理了吧,也就是找到对应用i2c控制的sensor driver。还有就是将该icd加入到host管理数据结构里啦,然后创建一个导出给应用层的设备节点,让对该设备节点的操作能够最终转到host或者sensor driver提供的ops里。下面正式开始分析吧,验证下对不对。这里直接将说明插入到代码中:
/* Called during host-driver probe */
static int soc_camera_probe(struct soc_camera_host *ici,
struct soc_camera_device *icd)
{
struct soc_camera_desc *sdesc = to_soc_camera_desc(icd);//拿到扳级相关的文件里面用soc_camera_link信息,和我们预想一样 果然是要开始处理它了
struct soc_camera_host_desc *shd = &sdesc->host_desc;//同上
struct device *control = NULL;
int ret;
dev_info(icd->pdev, "Probing %s
", dev_name(icd->pdev));
/*
* Currently the subdev with the largest number of controls (13) is
* ov6550. So let's pick 16 as a hint for the control handler. Note
* that this is a hint only: too large and you waste some memory, too
* small and there is a (very) small performance hit when looking up
* controls in the internal hash.
*/
ret = v4l2_ctrl_handler_init(&icd->ctrl_handler, 16);//v4l2_ctrl是v4l2框架提供的一种ioctl处理机制,我们只需要知道它这里主要是服务于sensor驱动,让sensor驱动里的一些ioctl控制能够注入到导出给应用层ioctl的里面,这样,应用层调用相关的ioctl,最终会有一部分进入到sensor驱动里面
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
/* Must have icd->vdev before registering the device */
ret = video_dev_create(icd);//这也是v4l2框架提供的api,用于创建一个导出给应用层操作的设备文件(这里仅仅是初始化对应的数据结构),一个camera设备对应一个设备文件导出,这个很容易理解吧
if (ret < 0)
goto evdc;
/*
* ..._video_start() will create a device node, video_register_device()
* itself is protected against concurrent open() calls, but we also have
* to protect our data also during client probing.
*/
/* Non-i2c cameras, e.g., soc_camera_platform, have no board_info */
if (shd->board_info) {//我只分析这种情况,后面会详细分析soc_camera_i2c_init
ret = soc_camera_i2c_init(icd, sdesc);
if (ret < 0 && ret != -EPROBE_DEFER)
goto eadd;
} else if (!shd->add_device || !shd->del_device) {
ret = -EINVAL;
goto eadd;
} else {
mutex_lock(&ici->clk_lock);
ret = ici->ops->clock_start(ici);
mutex_unlock(&ici->clk_lock);
if (ret < 0)
goto eadd;
if (shd->module_name)
ret = request_module(shd->module_name);
ret = shd->add_device(icd);
if (ret < 0)
goto eadddev;
/*
* FIXME: this is racy, have to use driver-binding notification,
* when it is available
*/
control = to_soc_camera_control(icd);
if (!control || !control->driver || !dev_get_drvdata(control) ||
!try_module_get(control->driver->owner)) {
shd->del_device(icd);
ret = -ENODEV;
goto enodrv;
}
}
mutex_lock(&ici->host_lock);
ret = soc_camera_probe_finish(icd);//一切都准备好后,就可以正式添加video_device到系统来导出给应用层使用了,后面也会对该函数进一步分析
mutex_unlock(&ici->host_lock);
if (ret < 0)
goto efinish;
return 0;
efinish:
if (shd->board_info) {
soc_camera_i2c_free(icd);
} else {
shd->del_device(icd);
module_put(control->driver->owner);
enodrv:
eadddev:
mutex_lock(&ici->clk_lock);
ici->ops->clock_stop(ici);
mutex_unlock(&ici->clk_lock);
}
eadd:
video_device_release(icd->vdev);
icd->vdev = NULL;
if (icd->vdev) {
video_device_release(icd->vdev);
icd->vdev = NULL;
}
evdc:
v4l2_ctrl_handler_free(&icd->ctrl_handler);
return ret;
}
下面重点分析soc_camera_i2c_init
,它才是处理board_info
的函数。还是直接将说明插入到代码中:
static int soc_camera_i2c_init(struct soc_camera_device *icd,
struct soc_camera_desc *sdesc)
{
struct soc_camera_subdev_desc *ssdd;
struct i2c_client *client;
struct soc_camera_host *ici;
struct soc_camera_host_desc *shd = &sdesc->host_desc;
struct i2c_adapter *adap;
struct v4l2_subdev *subdev;
char clk_name[V4L2_SUBDEV_NAME_SIZE];
int ret;
/* First find out how we link the main client */
if (icd->sasc) {
/* Async non-OF probing handled by the subdevice list */
return -EPROBE_DEFER;
}
ici = to_soc_camera_host(icd->parent);//前面说了,icd的parent当然就是host对应的device,而该device里面的driver data部分早就被设置为v4l2_device了(详情请看v4l2_device_register),前面也说了v4l2_device在v4l2框架里就代表着老大,i2c sensor对应的就是v4l2_subdev,代表着小弟。to_soc_camera_host里面通过container_of从v4l2_device找到ici
adap = i2c_get_adapter(shd->i2c_adapter_id);//通过扳级相关文件里指定的i2c_adapter_id寻找该i2c host对应的数据结构,i2c驱动框架就不多说了,原理也差不多
if (!adap) {
dev_err(icd->pdev, "Cannot get I2C adapter #%d. No driver?
",
shd->i2c_adapter_id);
return -ENODEV;
}
ssdd = kzalloc(sizeof(*ssdd), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!ssdd) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto ealloc;
}
memcpy(ssdd, &sdesc->subdev_desc, sizeof(*ssdd));
/*
* In synchronous case we request regulators ourselves in
* soc_camera_pdrv_probe(), make sure the subdevice driver doesn't try
* to allocate them again.
*/
ssdd->sd_pdata.num_regulators = 0;
ssdd->sd_pdata.regulators = NULL;
shd->board_info->platform_data = ssdd;
snprintf(clk_name, sizeof(clk_name), "%d-%04x",
shd->i2c_adapter_id, shd->board_info->addr);
icd->clk = v4l2_clk_register(&soc_camera_clk_ops, clk_name, "mclk", icd);//注册一个v4l2_clk,i2c sensor驱动里会请求这个clk,操作集里的函数最终将定向到ici的操作集合里的函数中,也就是camera host实现的操作集中去
if (IS_ERR(icd->clk)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(icd->clk);
goto eclkreg;
}
subdev = v4l2_i2c_new_subdev_board(&ici->v4l2_dev, adap,
shd->board_info, NULL);//这里面就是处理i2c sensor了,后面会详细分析
if (!subdev) {
ret = -ENODEV;
goto ei2cnd;
}
client = v4l2_get_subdevdata(subdev);
/* Use to_i2c_client(dev) to recover the i2c client */
icd->control = &client->dev;
return 0;
ei2cnd:
v4l2_clk_unregister(icd->clk);
icd->clk = NULL;
eclkreg:
kfree(ssdd);
ealloc:
i2c_put_adapter(adap);
return ret;
}
未完,待续!
2015年6月