ORACLE数据库常用查询
1、查看表空间对应数据文件情况:
SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,FILE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 MB,AUTOEXTENSIBLE FROM DBA_DATA_FILES; TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME MB AUTOEXTENSIBLE ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------- ---- -------------- USERS D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLUSERS01.DBF 5 YES UNDOTBS1 D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLUNDOTBS01.DBF 85 YES SYSAUX D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLSYSAUX01.DBF 520 YES SYSTEM D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLSYSTEM01.DBF 690 YES EXAMPLE D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLEXAMPLE01.DBF 100 YES
2、查看剩余表空间大小
SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024 MB FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME; TABLESPACE_NAME MB ------------------------------ ---------- SYSAUX 30.875 UNDOTBS1 71.625 USERS 0.9375 SYSTEM 3.4375 EXAMPLE 21.25
3、表空间使用统计
SQL> SELECT DF.TABLESPACE_NAME "表空间名",TOTALSPACE "总空间 MB",FREESPACE "剩余空间 MB",ROUND((1-FREESPACE/TOTALSPACE)*100,2) "作用率" FROM 2 (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024) TOTALSPACE FROM DBA_DATA_FILES GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) DF, 3 (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024) FREESPACE FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) FS 4 WHERE DF.TABLESPACE_NAME = FS.TABLESPACE_NAME ORDER BY DF.TABLESPACE_NAME; 表空间名 总空间 MB 剩余空间 MB 作用率 ------------------------------ ---------- ----------- ---------- EXAMPLE 100 21 79 SYSAUX 520 31 94.04 SYSTEM 690 3 99.57 UNDOTBS1 85 72 15.29 USERS 5 1 80
4、查看数据库相关文件的位置
查看控制文件、初始化参数文件、查看告警日志文件位置:
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER CONTROL; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_file_record_keep_time integer 7 control_files string D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLCONTROL01.CTL, D:APPADMINISTRATORFLASH_RECOVERY_AREAORCLCONTROL02.CTL control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING SQL> SHOW PARAMETER SPFILE; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string D:APPADMINISTRATORPRODUCT11.2.0DBHOME_1DATABASESPFILEORCL.ORA SQL> SHOW PARAMETER DUMP; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ background_core_dump string partial background_dump_dest string d:appadministratordiag dbmsorclorcl race core_dump_dest string d:appadministratordiag dbmsorclorclcdump max_dump_file_size string unlimited shadow_core_dump string none user_dump_dest string d:appadministratordiag dbmsorclorcl race
查看数据文件的位置:
SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME FROM DBA_DATA_FILES; FILE_NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLUSERS01.DBF D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLUNDOTBS01.DBF D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLSYSAUX01.DBF D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLSYSTEM01.DBF D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLEXAMPLE01.DBF SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES; FILE_NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- D:APPADMINISTRATORORADATAORCLTEMP01.DBF
6、查看用户相关信息
SQL> SELECT USERNAME FROM DBA_USERS; USERNAME ------------------------------ SYS SYSTEM SYSMAN SCOTT HR …… ================= SQL> ALTER USER HR IDENTIFIED BY rusky ACCOUNT LOCK; User altered SQL> ALTER USER HR ACCOUNT UNLOCK; User altered SQL> ALTER USER SCOTT IDENTIFIED BY scott; User altered
===================
查用户对像:
select * from user_objects;
查看用户表信息:
select * from user_tables;
查看用户索引信息:
select * from user_indexes;
查看用户序列信息:
select * from user_sequences;
查看用户视图信息:
select * from user_views;
查看用户触发器信息:
select * from user_trigers;--以sys登录
查看用户权限:
SQL> conn scott/tiger;
已连接。
SQL> select * from user_sys_privs;
USERNAME PRIVILEGE ADM
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---
SCOTT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE NO
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7、查看及修改用户连接数
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER PROCESS; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ aq_tm_processes integer 0 cell_offload_processing boolean TRUE db_writer_processes integer 1 gcs_server_processes integer 0 global_txn_processes integer 1 job_queue_processes integer 1000 log_archive_max_processes integer 4 processes integer 150 SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET PROCESSES=200 SCOPE=SPFILE; System altered 重启生效 SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE SQL> STARTUP
8、给数据库增加日志组
SQL> SELECT GROUP#,THREAD#,BYTES,MEMBERS,STATUS FROM V$LOG; GROUP# THREAD# BYTES MEMBERS STATUS ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- 1 1 52428800 1 CURRENT 2 1 52428800 1 INACTIVE 3 1 52428800 1 INACTIVE SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 'D: estAddLog.log' SIZE 2M; ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 'D: estAddLog.log' SIZE 2M ORA-00336: 大小为 4096 的日志文件块数小于最小 8192 块数 SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 'D: estAddLog.log' SIZE 8M; Database altered
日志组会影响数据库的性能,根据业务情况设置合适的日志组大小和组数。