类和对象是面向对象编程的两个主要方面。类创建一个新类型,而对象这个类的 实例 。这类似于你有一个int
类型的变量,这存储整数的变量是int
类的实例(对象)。都差不多,但是始终理解的很浅,写不出自己想要的东西来。
这是最简单的一个类
class person: pass p = person() print p
我们使用class
语句后跟类名,创建了一个新的类。这后面跟着一个缩进的语句块形成类体。
我们使用类名后跟一对圆括号来创建一个对象/实例
#!/usr/bin/python # Filename: objvar.py class Person: '''Represents a person.''' population = 0 def __init__(self, name): '''Initializes the person's data.''' self.name = name print '(Initializing %s)' % self.name # When this person is created, he/she # adds to the population Person.population += 1 def __del__(self): '''I am dying.''' print '%s says bye.' % self.name Person.population -= 1 if Person.population == 0: print 'I am the last one.' else: print 'There are still %d people left.' % Person.population def sayHi(self): '''Greeting by the person. Really, that's all it does.''' print 'Hi, my name is %s.' % self.name def howMany(self): '''Prints the current population.''' if Person.population == 1: print 'I am the only person here.' else: print 'We have %d persons here.' % Person.population swaroop = Person('Swaroop') swaroop.sayHi() swaroop.howMany() kalam = Person('Abdul Kalam') kalam.sayHi() kalam.howMany() swaroop.sayHi() swaroop.howMany()
简单的打印,定义了几个方法。其实写这个主要是逻辑要清晰,不然总是混乱不堪。基础知识快学完了。加油一波,兄弟。