Perform()
VCL的Perform()方法适用于所有的TControl派生对象。Perform()可以向任何一个窗件或控件发送消息,只需要知道窗体或控件的实例。Perform()需要传递3个参数:消息标识符,wParam和lParam。
Perform()是这样声明的:
function Perform(Msg: Cardinal; WParam, LParam: Longint): Longint;
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Perform
function TControl.Perform(Msg: Cardinal; WParam, LParam: Longint): Longint;
var
Message: TMessage;
begin
Message.Msg := Msg;
Message.WParam := WParam;
Message.LParam := LParam;
Message.Result := 0;
if Self <> nil then WindowProc(Message);
Result := Message.Result;
end;
Perform()把3个参数组装成TMessage记录,然后调用WindowProc()方法把消息传递给Windows的消息系统。
要给一个窗件或控件发送一个消息,可以参照下面的代码:
RetVal = ControlName.Perform(MessagID, wParam,lParam);
调用了Perform()后,它要等消息得到处理后才返回。
SendMessage()和PostMessage()
是Windows有两个API函数。
function SendMessage; external user32 name 'SendMessageA';
function SendMessageA(hWnd: HWND; Msg: UINT; wParam: WPARAM; lParam: LPARAM): LRESULT; stdcall;
function PostMessage; external user32 name 'PostMessageA';
function PostMessage(hWnd: HWND; Msg: UINT; wParam: WPARAM; lParam: LPARAM): BOOL; stdcall;
可以实现这一点:SendMessage()和PostMessage().这两个函数几乎是一样的,它们的区别是:
SendMessage()跟Perform一样是同步调用,消息直接发往目的窗口,等消息被处理后才返回。
Postmessage()是异步调用,把消息发送到消息队伍后立即返回。
其次,他们的返回值也是不一样的。Postmessage()是返回值是一个Bool值。
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Code
procedure WndProc(var msg:TMessage);override;
procedure btnPostMsgClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure btnSendMsgClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure btnPerformClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word;
Shift: TShiftState);
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implementation
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{$R *.dfm}
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procedure TForm1.WndProc(var msg: TMessage);
begin
inherited;
if msg.Msg=WM_KEYDOWN then
Memo1.Lines.Add('WndProc is handled!');
end;
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procedure TForm1.btnPerformClick(Sender: TObject);
var
rst:Integer;
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add('---------------------');
rst:=Form1.Perform(WM_KEYDOWN,0,0);
Memo1.Lines.Add('Perform is handled');
Memo1.Lines.Add(PChar('Result is:'+inttostr(rst)));
end;
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procedure TForm1.btnPostMsgClick(Sender: TObject);
var
rst:BOOL;
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add('---------------------');
rst:=PostMessage(self.Handle,WM_KEYDOWN,0,0);
Memo1.Lines.Add('PostMessage is handled!');
Memo1.Lines.Add(PChar('Result is:'+booltostr(rst)));
end;
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procedure TForm1.btnSendMsgClick(Sender: TObject);
var
rst:Integer;
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add('---------------------');
SendMessage(self.Handle,WM_KEYDOWN,0,0);
Memo1.Lines.Add('SendMessage is handled!');
Memo1.Lines.Add(PChar('Result is:'+inttostr(rst)));
end;
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procedure TForm1.FormKeyDown(Sender: TObject; var Key: Word;
Shift: TShiftState);
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add('Had Called Tform1.formkeyDown!')
end;
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end.