采用 EventHandler 模式发布事件
(如果不需要与事件一起发送自定义数据,请跳过此步骤,进入步骤 3a。)在发行者类和订阅方类均可看见的范围中声明自定义数据的类。 然后添加保留您的自定义事件数据所需的成员。 在此示例中,会返回一个简单字符串。
public class CustomEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public CustomEventArgs(string s)
{
msg = s;
}
private string msg;
public string Message
{
get { return msg; }
}
}
(如果您使用的是 EventHandler<TEventArgs> 的泛型版本,请跳过此步骤。)在发布类中声明一个委托。 第二个参数指定自定义 EventArgs 类型。
public delegate void CustomEventHandler(object sender, CustomEventArgs a);
使用以下任一步骤,在发布类中声明事件。
如果没有自定义 EventArgs 类,事件类型就是非泛型 EventHandler 委托。 无需声明委托,因为它已在创建 C# 项目时包含的 System 命名空间中进行了声明。 将以下代码添加到发行者类中。
public event EventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;
如果使用的是 EventHandler 的非泛型版本,并且您有一个由 EventArgs 派生的自定义类,请在发布类中声明您的事件,并且将来自步骤 2 的委托用作类型。
public event CustomEventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;
如果使用的是泛型版本,则不需要自定义委托。 相反,在发行者类中,您应将事件类型指定为 EventHandler<CustomEventArgs>,将尖括号中的内容替换为自己的类的名称。
public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;
采用 EventHandler 模式发布事件
下面的示例通过将自定义 EventArgs 类和 EventHandler<TEventArgs> 用作事件类型来演示上述步骤。
C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace DotNetEvents
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
// Define a class to hold custom event info
//自定义事件传统的数据类
public class CustomEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public CustomEventArgs(string s)
{
message = s;
}
private string message;
public string Message
{
get { return message; }
set { message = value; }
}
}
// Class that publishes an event
//事件发布类
class Publisher
{
// Declare the event using EventHandler<T>
//声明事件委托
public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;
public void DoSomething()
{
// Write some code that does something useful here
// then raise the event. You can also raise an event
// before you execute a block of code.
OnRaiseCustomEvent(new CustomEventArgs("Did something"));
}
// Wrap event invocations inside a protected virtual method
// to allow derived classes to override the event invocation behavior
protected virtual void OnRaiseCustomEvent(CustomEventArgs e)
{
// Make a temporary copy of the event to avoid possibility of
// a race condition if the last subscriber unsubscribes
// immediately after the null check and before the event is raised.
EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> handler = RaiseCustomEvent;
// Event will be null if there are no subscribers
//如果委托事件不为空时就引发事件
if (handler != null)
{
// Format the string to send inside the CustomEventArgs parameter
e.Message += String.Format(" at {0}", DateTime.Now.ToString());
// Use the () operator to raise the event.
//引发事件
handler(this, e);
}
}
}
//Class that subscribes to an event
//接收事件类
class Subscriber
{
private string id;
public Subscriber(string ID, Publisher pub)
{
id = ID;
// Subscribe to the event using C# 2.0 syntax
//增加事件委托中的事件
pub.RaiseCustomEvent += HandleCustomEvent;
}
// Define what actions to take when the event is raised.
void HandleCustomEvent(object sender, CustomEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(id + " received this message: {0}", e.Message);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Publisher pub = new Publisher();
Subscriber sub1 = new Subscriber("sub1", pub);
Subscriber sub2 = new Subscriber("sub2", pub);
// Call the method that raises the event.
pub.DoSomething();
// Keep the console window open
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to close this window.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
(如果不需要与事件一起发送自定义数据,请跳过此步骤,进入步骤 3a。)在发行者类和订阅方类均可看见的范围中声明自定义数据的类。 然后添加保留您的自定义事件数据所需的成员。 在此示例中,会返回一个简单字符串。
public class CustomEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public CustomEventArgs(string s)
{
msg = s;
}
private string msg;
public string Message
{
get { return msg; }
}
}
(如果您使用的是 EventHandler<TEventArgs> 的泛型版本,请跳过此步骤。)在发布类中声明一个委托。 第二个参数指定自定义 EventArgs 类型。
public delegate void CustomEventHandler(object sender, CustomEventArgs a);
使用以下任一步骤,在发布类中声明事件。
如果没有自定义 EventArgs 类,事件类型就是非泛型 EventHandler 委托。 无需声明委托,因为它已在创建 C# 项目时包含的 System 命名空间中进行了声明。 将以下代码添加到发行者类中。
public event EventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;
如果使用的是 EventHandler 的非泛型版本,并且您有一个由 EventArgs 派生的自定义类,请在发布类中声明您的事件,并且将来自步骤 2 的委托用作类型。
public event CustomEventHandler RaiseCustomEvent;
如果使用的是泛型版本,则不需要自定义委托。 相反,在发行者类中,您应将事件类型指定为 EventHandler<CustomEventArgs>,将尖括号中的内容替换为自己的类的名称。
public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;
采用 EventHandler 模式发布事件
下面的示例通过将自定义 EventArgs 类和 EventHandler<TEventArgs> 用作事件类型来演示上述步骤。
C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace DotNetEvents
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
// Define a class to hold custom event info
//自定义事件传统的数据类
public class CustomEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public CustomEventArgs(string s)
{
message = s;
}
private string message;
public string Message
{
get { return message; }
set { message = value; }
}
}
// Class that publishes an event
//事件发布类
class Publisher
{
// Declare the event using EventHandler<T>
//声明事件委托
public event EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> RaiseCustomEvent;
public void DoSomething()
{
// Write some code that does something useful here
// then raise the event. You can also raise an event
// before you execute a block of code.
OnRaiseCustomEvent(new CustomEventArgs("Did something"));
}
// Wrap event invocations inside a protected virtual method
// to allow derived classes to override the event invocation behavior
protected virtual void OnRaiseCustomEvent(CustomEventArgs e)
{
// Make a temporary copy of the event to avoid possibility of
// a race condition if the last subscriber unsubscribes
// immediately after the null check and before the event is raised.
EventHandler<CustomEventArgs> handler = RaiseCustomEvent;
// Event will be null if there are no subscribers
//如果委托事件不为空时就引发事件
if (handler != null)
{
// Format the string to send inside the CustomEventArgs parameter
e.Message += String.Format(" at {0}", DateTime.Now.ToString());
// Use the () operator to raise the event.
//引发事件
handler(this, e);
}
}
}
//Class that subscribes to an event
//接收事件类
class Subscriber
{
private string id;
public Subscriber(string ID, Publisher pub)
{
id = ID;
// Subscribe to the event using C# 2.0 syntax
//增加事件委托中的事件
pub.RaiseCustomEvent += HandleCustomEvent;
}
// Define what actions to take when the event is raised.
void HandleCustomEvent(object sender, CustomEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine(id + " received this message: {0}", e.Message);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Publisher pub = new Publisher();
Subscriber sub1 = new Subscriber("sub1", pub);
Subscriber sub2 = new Subscriber("sub2", pub);
// Call the method that raises the event.
pub.DoSomething();
// Keep the console window open
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to close this window.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}