job之间传递自定义变量的写法

官方文档地址：https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/index.html#pass-an-environment-variable-to-another-job

对gitlab版本有要求：14.6及其以上版本才可以

You can pass environment variables from one job to another job in a later stage through variable inheritance. These variables cannot be used as CI/CD variables to configure a pipeline, but they can be used in job scripts.

In the job script, save the variable as a .env file.
    The format of the file must be one variable definition per line.
    Each defined line must be of the form VARIABLE_NAME=ANY VALUE HERE.
    Values can be wrapped in quotes, but cannot contain newline characters. 
Save the .env file as an artifacts:reports:dotenv artifact.
Jobs in later stages can then use the variable in scripts. 

Inherited variables take precedence over certain types of new variable definitions such as job defined variables.

build:
  stage: build
  script:
    - echo "BUILD_VARIABLE=value_from_build_job" >> build.env
  artifacts:
    reports:
      dotenv: build.env

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  variables:
    BUILD_VARIABLE: value_from_deploy_job
  script:
    - echo "$BUILD_VARIABLE"  # Output is: 'value_from_build_job' due to precedence

build:
  stage: build
  script:
    - echo "BUILD_VERSION=hello" >> build.env
  artifacts:
    reports:
      dotenv: build.env

deploy_one:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "$BUILD_VERSION"  # Output is: 'hello'
  dependencies:
    - build

deploy_two:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "$BUILD_VERSION"  # Output is empty
  dependencies: []

deploy_three:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "$BUILD_VERSION"  # Output is: 'hello'
  needs:
    - build

deploy_four:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "$BUILD_VERSION"  # Output is: 'hello'
  needs:
    job: build
    artifacts: true

deploy_five:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - echo "$BUILD_VERSION"  # Output is empty
  needs:
    job: build
    artifacts: false

以下写法经实践无法使用

...
variables:
  VARIABLES_FILE: ./variables.txt  # "." is required for image that have sh not bash

...

get-version:
  stage: prepare
  image: ...
  script:
    - APP_VERSION=...
    - echo "export APP_VERSION=$APP_VERSION" > $VARIABLES_FILE
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - $VARIABLES_FILE
...
package:
  stage: package
  image: ...
  script:
    - source $VARIABLES_FILE
    - echo "Use env var APP_VERSION here as you like ..."