zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • Saltstack grains组件

      grains是Saltstack最重要的组件之一,grains的作用是收集被控主机的基本信息,这些信息通常都是一些静态的数据,包括CPU、内核、操作系统、虚拟化等,在服务器端可以根据这些信息进行灵活定制,管理员可以利用这新信息对不同业务进行个性化配置。

    官网提供的用来区分不同操作系统的示例如下(采用jinja模板):

    {% if grains['os'] == 'Ubuntu' %}
    host: {{ grains['host'] }}
    {% elif grains['os'] == 'CentOS' %}
    host: {{ grains['fqdn'] }}
    {% endif %}
    

      示例中CentOS发行版主机将被 "host: {{ grains['fqdn'] }}"匹配,以主机SN100-128(centOS6.4)为例,最终得到"host:SN100-128"。同时,命令行的匹配操作系统发行版本为CentOS的被控端可以通过-G参数来过滤,如salt -G 'os:CentOS' test.ping。

    [root@localhost~]# salt -G 'os:CentOS' test.ping
    SN100-128:
        True
    SN100-129:
        True
    SN100-130:
        True
    

    (1) grains常用操作命令:

    #获取主机的grains项信息:

    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.ls
    SN100-128:
        - SSDs
        - biosreleasedate
        - biosversion
        - cpu_flags
        - cpu_model
        - cpuarch
        - domain
        - fqdn
        - fqdn_ip4
        - fqdn_ip6
        - gpus
        - host
        - hwaddr_interfaces
        - id
        - init
        - ip4_interfaces
        - ip6_interfaces
        - ip_interfaces
        - ipv4
        - ipv6
        - kernel
        - kernelrelease
        - locale_info
        - localhost
        - lsb_distrib_codename
        - lsb_distrib_id
        - lsb_distrib_release
        - machine_id
        - manufacturer
        - master
        - mdadm
        - mem_total
        - nodename
        - num_cpus
        - num_gpus
        - os
        - os_family
        - osarch
        - oscodename
        - osfinger
        - osfullname
        - osmajorrelease
        - osrelease
        - osrelease_info
        - path
        - productname
        - ps
        - pythonexecutable
        - pythonpath
        - pythonversion
        - saltpath
        - saltversion
        - saltversioninfo
        - selinux
        - serialnumber
        - server_id
        - shell
        - virtual
        - zmqversion
    

    获取主机单项grains数据:

     #获取操作系统发行版本.
    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.item os
    SN100-128:
        ----------
        os:
            CentOS
    #获取操作系统的内核信息.
    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.item kernel
    SN100-128:
        ----------
        kernel:
            Linux
    
    #获取操作系统的selinux信息
    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.item selinux
    SN100-128:
        ----------
        selinux:
            ----------
            enabled:
                False
            enforced:
                Disabled

    #salt '*' grains.item os //返回键值对

    #salt '*' grains.get os  //返回值

    获取主机id为'SN100-128'的所有grains键及值信息。

    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.items
    SN100-128:
        ----------
        SSDs:
        biosreleasedate:
            04/14/2014
        biosversion:
            6.00
        cpu_flags:
            - fpu - vme  - de  - pse   - tsc - msr - pae - mce - cx8 - apic - sep - mtrr  - pge - mca - cmov - pat - pse36 
        cpu_model:
            Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v3 @ 2.30GHz
        cpuarch:
            x86_64
        domain:
        fqdn:
            TestOnlyMPAPP
        fqdn_ip4:
            - 10.10.100.128
            - 127.0.0.1
        fqdn_ip6:
        gpus:
            |_
              ----------
              model:
                  SVGA II Adapter
              vendor:
                  unknown
        host:
            TestOnlyMPAPP
        hwaddr_interfaces:
            ----------
            eth1:
                00:50:56:87:b1:54
            lo:
                00:00:00:00:00:00
        id:
            SN100-128
        init:
            upstart
        ip4_interfaces:
            ----------
            eth1:
                - 10.10.100.128
            lo:
                - 127.0.0.1
        ip6_interfaces:
            ----------
            eth1:
                - fe80::250:56ff:fe87:b154
            lo:
                - ::1
        ip_interfaces:
            ----------
            eth1:
                - 10.10.100.128
                - fe80::250:56ff:fe87:b154
            lo:
                - 127.0.0.1
                - ::1
        ipv4:
            - 10.10.100.128
            - 127.0.0.1
        ipv6:
            - ::1
            - fe80::250:56ff:fe87:b154
        kernel:
            Linux
        kernelrelease:
            2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
        locale_info:
            ----------
            defaultencoding:
                UTF8
            defaultlanguage:
                zh_CN
            detectedencoding:
                UTF-8
        localhost:
            TestOnlyMPAPP
        lsb_distrib_codename:
            Final
        lsb_distrib_id:
            CentOS
        lsb_distrib_release:
            6.5
        machine_id:
            bcc4f9ad2d40506966ce2b1400000014
        manufacturer:
            VMware, Inc.
        master:
            10.10.100.127
        mdadm:
        mem_total:
            8001
        nodename:
            TestOnlyMPAPP
        num_cpus:
            2
        num_gpus:
            1
        os:
            CentOS
        os_family:
            RedHat
        osarch:
            x86_64
        oscodename:
            Final
        osfinger:
            CentOS-6
        osfullname:
            CentOS
        osmajorrelease:
            6
        osrelease:
            6.5
        osrelease_info:
            - 6
            - 5
        path:
            /sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
        productname:
            VMware Virtual Platform
        ps:
            ps -efH
        pythonexecutable:
            /usr/bin/python2.6
        pythonpath:
            - /usr/bin
            - /usr/lib64/python26.zip
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gst-0.10
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gtk-2.0
            - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/webkit-1.0
            - /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages
            - /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg-info
        pythonversion:
            - 2
            - 6
            - 6
            - final
            - 0
        saltpath:
            /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/salt
        saltversion:
            2015.5.8
        saltversioninfo:
            - 2015
            - 5
            - 8
            - 0
        selinux:
            ----------
            enabled:
                False
            enforced:
                Disabled
        serialnumber:
            VMware-42 07 95 36 bc 00 ee bd-bc 79 77 5c 81 14 35 b5
        server_id:
            295812205
        shell:
            /bin/sh
        virtual:
            VMware
        zmqversion:
            3.2.5

    (2) 定义grains数据:

    定义grains数据的方法有两种,其中一种为在被控端主机定制配置文件,另一种是通过主控端扩展模块API实现,区别是模块更灵活,可以通过python编程动态定义,而配置文件只适合相对固定的键与值。下面分别举例说明。

    1.被控端主机定制grains数据

    SSH登录一台被控主机,如SN100-128,配置文件定制的路径为/etc/salt/minion,参数为default_include: minion.d/*.conf,具体操作如下:

    【/etc/salt/minion.d/hostinfo.conf】

    grains:
     roles:
      - webserver
      - memcache
     deployment: datacenter4
     cabinet: 13
    

      重启被控主机salt-minion服务,使之生效:service salt-minion restart。验证结果在主控端主机运行:salt 'SN100-128' grains.item roles deployment cabinet,观察配置的键与值,如下所示。

    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.item roles deployment cabinet
    SN100-128:
        ----------
        cabinet:
            13
        deployment:
            datacenter4
        roles:
            - webserver
            - memcache
    

    或者也可以这样定义

    vim /etc/salt/grains
    
    cloud: openstack
    test: salt
    
    /etc/init.d/salt-minion restart 或者执行同步 salt '*' saltutil.sync_grains
    
    salt -G 'cloud:openstack' test.ping

    2.主控端扩展模块定制grains数据

      首先在主控端编写python代码,然后将该python文件同步到被控主机,最后刷新生效(即编译python源码文件生成字节码pyc)。在主控端bash目录(见/etc/salt/master配置文件的file_roots项,默认的bash配置在/srv/salt)下生成_grains目录,执行install -d /srv/salt/_grains开始编写代码,实现获取被控主机系统允许最大打开文件数(ulimit -n)的grains数据。

    【/srv/salt/_grains/sysprocess.py】

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    #coding:utf-8
    
    import os,sys,commands
    def Granins_openfile():
            """
                    os max open file of grains value
             """
            grains = {}
            #init default value
            _open_file=65535
            try:
                    getulimit=commands.getstatusoutput('source /etc/profile;ulimit -n')
            except Exception,e:
                    pass
            if getulimit[0] == 0:
                    _open_file=int(getulimit[1])
            grains['max_open_file'] = _open_file
            return  grains
    Granins_openfile()
    

    上面代码的说明如下。

     grains_openfile()定义一个获取最大打开文件数的函数,函数名称没有要求,符合python的函数命名规则即可;

     grains = {} 初始化一个grains字典,变量名一定要用grains,以便Saltstack识别;

     grains['max_open_file'] = _open_file 将获取的linux ulimit -n 的结果值赋予grains['max_open_file'],其中"max_open_file"就是grains的项,_open_file就是grains的值。

     最后同步模块到指定被控端主机并刷新生效,因为grains比较合适采集静态类的数据,比如硬件,内核信息等。当有动态类的功能需求时,需要提行刷新,具体操作如下:

      同步模块 salt 'SN100-128' saltutil.sync_all ,看看 "SN100-128"主机发生了什么?文件已经同步到minion cache目录中,如下:

    /var/cache/salt/minion/extmods/grains/sysprocess.py
    /var/cache/salt/minion/files/base/_grains/sysprocess.py
    

     /var/cache/salt/minion/extmods/grains/为扩展模块文件最终存放位置,刷新模块后将在同路径下生成字节码pyc;

     /var/cache/salt/minion/files/base/_grains/为临时存放位置。

     刷新模块salt 'SN100-128' sys.reload_modules,再看看主机发生了什么变化?在/var/cache/salt/minion/extmods/grains/位置多了一个编译后的字节码文件sysprocess.pyc文件,为python可执行的格式。

    /var/cache/salt/minion/extmods/grains/sysprocess.py
    /var/cache/salt/minion/extmods/grains/sysprocess.pyc
    /var/cache/salt/minion/files/base/_grains/sysprocess.py 
    

     效验结果为可以在主控端查看grains信息,执行 salt 'SN100-128' grains.item max_open_file,结果显示"max_open_file:1024",这就是前面定制的主机grains信息。

    [root@localhost~]# salt 'SN100-128' grains.item max_open_file
    SN100-128:
        ----------
        max_open_file:
            1024
    

    grains在top.sls中的使用:

    'roles: nginx':
      - match:grain   //声明使用grain
      - init.pkg	  //执行init.pkg模块 

      

      

      

  • 相关阅读:
    Linux自定义服务文件编写
    Ubuntu PPA方式安装vim
    ubuntu PPA使用指南
    ubuntu安装最新emacs
    Docker支持中文
    C#调用Go版DLL
    C#调用exe程序
    golang编写动态库供c#程序调用
    科学正在追赶中医,中医将变得时髦(转载)
    常见.NET功能代码汇总 (3)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/saneri/p/5567491.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看