mysql数据库表的基本操作sql语句总结

1，命令行登录命令

mysql -h localhost -u root -p

C:Userslenovo>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: *****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.5.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

2，创建数据库

查看帮助：h create database 或者 help create database

mysql> h create database
Name: 'CREATE DATABASE'
Description:
Syntax:
CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name
    [create_specification] ...

create_specification:
    [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name

CREATE DATABASE creates a database with the given name. To use this
statement, you need the CREATE privilege for the database. CREATE
SCHEMA is a synonym for CREATE DATABASE.

[option1, option2,...]代表可选的 {option1 | option2}代表要选择其中的某一项

SCHEMA是DATABASE的同义词

IF NOT EXISITS：如果不存在同名数据库才会执行创建语句；如果不添加此选项，而且存在同名数据库的话，则会报错

创建参数：

[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name:设定默认字符集

[DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name:设定默认校对集

参考在SQL语句中使用COLLATE

创建数据库示例：

mysql> create database if not exists test_db  

    -> default character set = utf8;  

查看已创建的数据库的定义

mysql> show create database test_db;  

查看已创建哪些数据库

mysql> show databases;  

3，删除数据库

mysql> drop database test_db;

 

主键约束 PRIMARY KEY

mysql> create table tb3
    -> (id int(10) primary key,
    -> name varchar(20));

mysql> create table tb4
    -> (id int(10),
    -> name varchar(20),
    -> primary key (id));

联合主键 

mysql> create table tb5
    -> (id int(10),
    -> name varchar(20),
    -> primary key(id, name));

外键约束

mysql>  create table tb7
    ->  (
    ->  id int(11),
    ->  b_id int (11),
    ->  name varchar(45),
    ->  primary key (id),
    ->  foreign key(b_id) references tb4(id)
    -> );

删除mysql一个表中所有数据实例。

truncate table mytable;

删除表 DROP TABLE <table_name>

附录：

MySQL数据库基本操作   http://blog.csdn.net/netoscoder/article/details/10662483

 MySQL数据库表的基本操作——创建表CREATE TABLE  http://blog.csdn.net/netoscoder/article/details/10716253

MySQL数据库表的基本操作——修改表ALTER TABLE,删除表 http://blog.csdn.net/netoscoder/article/details/10731609