记录日志是管理系统中对用户行为的一种监控与审核，asp.net中记录日志的方式有很多种，这里我只介绍一下最近用到的log4net，关于他的具体介绍网上有很多，我讲一下他的用法。
第一步：在配置文件中的<configSections>节添加下面一句话
<section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/>
第二步:在<configuration>节中添加如下内容
< log4net>
<root >
<level value="Debug"/>
<appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender"/>
</root>
<logger name="myLogger">
<level value="Debug"/>
<appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender"/>
</logger>
//关于上边root到logger这块，如果同时出现，有可能会出现重复插入记录的情况，那么就需要改一下代码，把上面两段代码改成如下一段代码，如下：
<root >
<level value="Debug" name="myLogger"/>
<appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender"/>
</root>
//下面就是对插入到数据库一些基本设置和基本字段设置
<appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender,log4net">
<!--BufferSize为缓冲区大小，只有日志记录超10条才会一块写入到数据库-->
<bufferSize value="10"/>
<!--或写为<param name="BufferSize" value="10" />-->
<!--引用-->
<connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=1.0.3300.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
<!--连接数据库字符串-->
<connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=audit;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=123;MultipleActiveResultSets=True"/>
<!--插入到表Log-->
<commandText value="INSERT INTO T_AUDITINFO ([EVENTTYPE],[TIMESTAMP],[EVENTCATEGORY],[EVENT_ID],[COMPUTERNAME],[MAC_ADDRESS],[USERNAME],[SOURCETYPE],[SOURCE],[DESCRIPTION],[COLLECTDATE]) VALUES (@Event_Type,@log_date, @EventCategory, @Event_ID, @ComputerName,@Mac_Address,@UserName,@SourceType,@Source,@Description,@CollectDate)"/>
<!--日志类型，这里均为3-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@Event_Type"/>
<dbType value="Int32"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Event_Type}"/>//注意这里，当用到property时，就表明这是用户自定义的字段属性啦，是log4net中所没有提供的字段。其中MyLayout是自定义属性所在的类，
LogComponent是类所在的命名空间，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--日志记录时间，RawTimeStampLayout为默认的时间输出格式 -->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@log_date"/>
<dbType value="DateTime"/>
<layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>//这里呢是获取log4net中提供的日志时间
</parameter>
<!--日志分类描述-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@EventCategory"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="50"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{EventCategory}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--日志分类号-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@Event_ID"/>
<dbType value="Int32"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Event_ID}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--计算机IP-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@ComputerName"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="50"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{ComputerName}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--计算机Mac信息-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@Mac_Address"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="50"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Mac_Address}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--登陆系统用户名-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@UserName"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="50"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{UserName}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--事件来源类型，这里默认为Rier-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@SourceType"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="20"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{SourceType}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--事件来源-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@Source"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="50"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Source}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--事件描述-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@Description"/>
<dbType value="String"/>
<size value="500"/>
<layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Description}"/>
</layout>
</parameter>
<!--日志收集时间-->
<parameter>
<parameterName value="@CollectDate"/>
<dbType value="DateTime"/>
<layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>
</parameter>
</appender>
</log4net>
//博客出处有人引用后无法写入日志，于是可以将配置修改如下
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<parameter> <parameterName value="@Event_Type"/> <dbType value="Int32"/> <layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout, LogComponent">//这里修改 <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Event_Type}"/> </layout></parameter> |
改为
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<parameter> <parameterName value="@Event_Type"/> <dbType value="Int32"/> <layout type="LogComponent.MyLayout"> <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%property{Event_Type}"/> </layout></parameter> |
第三步：自定义类，这些类呢包含将要插入数据库中的自定义字段
命名空间为 LogComponent 包含3个类：LogContent.cs、 MyLayout.cs 、MyMessagePatternConverter .cs
第一个类 LogContent.cs 包含了所有的自定字段属性
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
/// <summary>
/// LogContent 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class LogContent
{
public LogContent(int eventType,string eventCategory,int eventID,string computerName,string macAddress,string userName,string sourceType,string source,string description)
{
_event_Type = eventType;
_eventCategory = eventCategory;
_event_ID = eventID;
_computerName = computerName;
_mac_Address = macAddress;
_userName = userName;
_sourceType = sourceType;
_source = source;
_description = description;
}
int _event_Type;
/// <summary>
/// 时间类型 均为3
/// </summary>
public int Event_Type
{
get { return _event_Type; }
set { _event_Type = value; }
}
string _eventCategory;
/// <summary>
/// 日志分类描述，自定义
/// </summary>
public string EventCategory
{
get { return _eventCategory; }
set { _eventCategory = value; }
}
int _event_ID;
/// <summary>
/// 日志分类号
/// </summary>
public int Event_ID
{
get { return _event_ID; }
set { _event_ID = value; }
}
string _computerName;
/// <summary>
/// 计算机IP
/// </summary>
public string ComputerName
{
get { return _computerName; }
set { _computerName = value; }
}
string _mac_Address;
/// <summary>
/// 计算机Mac地址
/// </summary>
public string Mac_Address
{
get { return _mac_Address; }
set { _mac_Address = value; }
}
string _userName;
/// <summary>
/// 系统登陆用户
/// </summary>
public string UserName
{
get { return _userName; }
set { _userName = value; }
}
string _sourceType;
/// <summary>
/// Rier
/// </summary>
public string SourceType
{
get { return _sourceType; }
set { _sourceType = value; }
}
string _source;
/// <summary>
/// Rier Recorder audit
/// </summary>
public string Source
{
get { return _source; }
set { _source = value; }
}
string _description;
/// <summary>
/// 日志描述信息
/// </summary>
public string Description
{
get { return _description; }
set { _description = value; }
}
}
第二个类 MyLayout.cs 把我们定义的属性转换为log4net所能识别的属性
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using log4net.Layout.Pattern;
using log4net.Layout;
using log4net.Core;
using System.Reflection;
namespace LogComponent
{
class MyLayout:PatternLayout
{
public MyLayout()
{
this.AddConverter("property", typeof(MyMessagePatternConverter));
}
}
}
第三个类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using log4net.Layout.Pattern;
using log4net.Layout;
using log4net.Core;
using System.Reflection;
namespace LogComponent
{
class MyMessagePatternConverter:PatternLayoutConverter
{
protected override void Convert(System.IO.TextWriter writer, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent)
{
if (Option != null)
{
// Write the value for the specified key
WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, LookupProperty(Option, loggingEvent));
}
else
{
// Write all the key value pairs
WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());
}
//if (Option != null)
//{
// // Write the value for the specified key
// WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.LookupProperty(Option));
//}
//else
//{
// // Write all the key value pairs
// WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());
//}
}
/// <summary>
/// 通过反射获取传入的日志对象的某个属性的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="property"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private object LookupProperty(string property, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent)
{
object propertyValue = string.Empty;
PropertyInfo propertyInfo = loggingEvent.MessageObject.GetType().GetProperty(property);
if (propertyInfo != null)
propertyValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(loggingEvent.MessageObject, null);
return propertyValue;
}
}
}
代码页
记得在该项目中添加log4net引用
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using LogComponent;
[assembly: log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator(Watch = true)]
public partial class Test : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("myLogger");
log.Info(new LogContent(3,"登陆系统",1,"127.0.0.1","111111","mhy","11111","11111111","登陆成功"));
}
}