modelviewset views

Python
1.4创建user/serializers.py写序列化器
from rest_ framework import serializers
from user 。models import User
def address_ validate( data):
    #独立校验器
    # raise serializers . ValidationError('请填写实际地址') #有错就抛出异常
    #没错就返回数据
        return data
    #没错就返回数据
        return data
class UserSerializer(serializers . ModelSerializer):
# 1.独立校验器: 重新设定字段，替换掉模型中的设定，重新设定地址的长度为5
        address = serializers CharF ield(max_ 1ength=255，min_ 1ength=5, val idators= [address_ validate])
    # 2.单一字段验证，验证地址
        def validate_ address(self, data):
            if data =='测试':
              raise serializers . ValidationError( '请填写实际地址") # 有错就抛出异常
            return data # 没错就返回结果
        def validate. _phone(self, data):
                #不符合手机号格式
                # raise serializers . ValidationError('手机号格式不正确') 
                   model = self . root. Meta . model
                   num = model . objects . filter( phone=data) . count( )
                                        
　　

"""
from django.http import HttpResponse                                       # http响应
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend               #　Django过滤器后端
from rest_framework import viewsets                    # 视图集
from rest_framework . authentication import BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication  # 基本身份验证, 会话身份验证
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter  # 排序过滤器
from rest_framework. permissions import AllowAny,IsAdminUser,IsAuthenticated,IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly #从权限导入允许所有、Admin用户、经过身份验证、经过身份验证或只读
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.throttling import UserRateThrottle  # 用户速率节流
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination  # 页码分页
from rest_framework .views import APIView
from rest_framework .permissions import BasePermission,SAFE_METHODS  # 基础权限、SAFE_METHODS
from user .models import UserModel
from user.serializers import UserSerializer
"""


def index(request):
    # 需要认证才能访问的视图
    return HttpResponse('hello')


"""分页布局：自定义分页器　布局"""


class PageNum(PageNumberPagination):
    """查询字符串中代表每页返回数据数量的参数名，默认值: None"""
    page_size_query_param = 'page_size'
    # 查询字符串中代表页码的参数名，有默认值: page
    page_query_param = 'page'
    # 一页中最多的结果条数
    max_page_size = 2


"""自定义权限（局部）"""


class MyPermission(BasePermission):
    def has_permission(self, request, view):
        print(view.kwargs.get("pk"), request.user.id)
        """判断用户对模型有没有访问权
        任何用户对使用此权限类的视图都有访问权限"""
        print(request)
        if request.user.is_superuser:
            """管理员对用户模型有访问权"""
            return True
        elif view.kwargs.get('pk') == str(request.user.id):
            """携带的id和用户的id相同时有访问权"""
            return True
        return False

    def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
        # 获取单个数据时，判断用户对某个数据对象是否有访问权限
        if request.user.id == obj.id:
            return True
        return False


class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """完成产品的增删改查"""
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer  # 优先使用get_serializer_class返回的序列化器?
    # #1.认证:自定义认证类，自定义会覆盖全局配置
    # authentication_classes = (BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication)
    # #2.权限:自定义权限类
    # permission_classes = (MyPermission,)

    # 3.分页:自定义分页器覆盖全局配置
    pagination_class = PageNum
    # 4.限流:自定义限流类
    throttle_classes = [UserRateThrottle]
    # 5.过滤:指定过滤方法类，排序方法类，一个或多个
    filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend, OrderingFilter)
    # 5.1指定排序字段，不设置，排序功能不超效
    ordering_fields = ('date_joined', 'id')
    # 5.2指定过滤字段，不设置，过滤功能不起效
    filter_fields = ('username', 'phone', 'is_active')

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'unactived':
            return UserUnActiveSerializer
        else:
            return UserSerializer

    @action(methods=['get'], detail=False)
    def unactived(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # 获取查询集，过滤出未激活的用户
        qs = self.queryset.filter(is_active=False)
        # 使用序列化器，序列化查询集，并且序列化多条
        ser = self.get_serializer(qs, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)