swift系统学习第一章

第一节:变量,常量,类型推断,字符,字符串

//swift学习第一节
/*
变量
常量
类型推断
字符
字符串
*/

import UIKit

//变量
var str = "swift"   //类型推断
str = "hello"
var str1:NSString =  "shaoting"
var num = 123
var num2:Int = 123

//常量
let num3 = 321     //类型推断
//num3 = 123  error:常量不可以修改
let str2:NSString = "pheromone"

//Int 有符号的整形
//UInt 无符号的整形

Int.max
Int.min

var numFloat : Float = 1/3
var numDouble : Double = 1/3

var num4 = 3
num4.dynamicType  //类型
var num5 = 0.14
num5.dynamicType

num5 = 3 + 0.14
num5.dynamicType
//num5 = num4 + num5 eroor:类型不同不能相加
num5 = Double(num4) + num5

//初始化字符串,默认值为nil
let strr = ""
let strrr = String()

let swift:Character = "S"
let swiftInChar:[Character] = ["s","w","i","f","t"];
let swift1 = String(swiftInChar)
let swift11 = swiftInChar

var message = "i love you"
let meessageLength = message.characters.count

//message[0]  error:swift中,访问字符串中的某个字符不能使用字符串数组的某个下标
message.startIndex  // 第一个下标
message.endIndex    //最后一个下标
message[message.startIndex.successor()] //第一个下标的下一个值
message[message.endIndex.predecessor()] //最后一个下标的上一个值
message[message.startIndex.advancedBy(3)]

message.insertContentsOf("iOS".characters, at: message.startIndex)//在某个字符串的某个位置加入某些字符
message.removeAtIndex(message.endIndex.predecessor())
//message.removeRange(<#T##subRange: Range<Index>##Range<Index>#>)  删除范围内的内容

//比较字符串
let message1 = "ios hello"
if message != message1{
   print("!=")
}

let swi = "我是一只猿"
swi.hasPrefix("我")//判断前端是否包含
swi.hasSuffix("猿")//判断后端是否包含

for code in swi.utf8 {
   print("(code)")
}

//数组
var strS:[String] = ["ios","swift"];
//var strS1:[] = [12,34];  没有指定元素类型

第二节:元组Tuple 操作符operators

/*
swift学习第二节
元组 Tuple
操作符 Operators

*/


import UIKit

//元组  :自己定义一组数据,类型也自己定义
let success = (200,"HTTP OK")
let fileNotFound = (404,"File not found")
let me = (name:"shaoting",no:520,email:"510738319@qq.com")
success.0
success.1
me.name

var (code,message) = success
print(code)
print(message)


//操作符 Operators
var a = 10
var b = 20

let sum = a + b
let sub = a - b
let mul = a * b
let div = a / b
let mod = a % b
let mod1 = 8 % 2

b += 10 // b = b+10
b -= 10 // b = b-10
b *= 10 // b = b*10
b /= 10 // b = b/10
b %= 10 // b = b%10

let isEqual = sum == 10
isEqual ? "YES" : "NO"

 //区间运算符
//包含1到5
for index in 1...5{
  print(index)  // 1 2 3 4 5
}

for index in 1..<5{
  print(index)  // 1 2 3 4
}

第三节:集合--有序集合(数组)无序集合(set,dictionary)

/*
swift学习第三节
集合(数组,set,dictionary)
   有序集合: 数组
   无序集合: set dictionary
*/



import UIKit
//数组
var ary1:Array<Int> = Array<Int>()//定义一个值为空的int类型的数组
var ary2:[Int] = ary1
var ary3 = ary1

var three = [Int](count: 3, repeatedValue: 1)
var six = three + three   //相同类型的数组可以做运算

var four = [1,2,3,4]
four.count

if ary1.isEmpty{
  print("ary1 为空数组")
}

ary1.append(1) // 添加元素
ary1 += [2,3,4] // 添加多个
ary1[0...2]
ary1[0..<2]
ary1[0...1] = [5,6]  //修改元素
ary1
ary1.insert(9, atIndex: 1) //在某个下标添加元素
ary1.removeAtIndex(2)  //删除某下标的元素
ary1.removeFirst()   //删除第一个元素
ary1.removeLast()    //删除最后一个元素
ary1
for (index,value) in ary1.enumerate(){
  print("index : (index) value : (value)")
}

//set
//输出hash值
let number = 10
number.hashValue
let PI = 3.14
PI.hashValue
let string = "Swift"
string.hashValue

//定义一个元素类型为字符的空set
let emptySet = Set<Character>()
let vomel:Set<Character> = ["a","e","i","o","u"];
var evenSet:Set = [2,4,6,8,10] //类型推断
evenSet.count   //该set的个数
evenSet.removeFirst()   //移除set的第一个元素
evenSet.insert(25)      //插入一个元素25
evenSet.contains(4)    //判断是否包含
//因为set是无序集合,想要保证一定顺序可以使用sort
for number in evenSet.sort(){
   print(number)
}

//setA 和 setB 的交集
var setA : Set = [1,2,3,4,5]
var setB : Set = [5,6,7,8]
let setiAB : Set = setA.intersect(setB)
//setA 和 setB 的对称差
let  seteAB : Set = setA.exclusiveOr(setB)
//setA 和 setB 的并集
let unionAB : Set = setA.union(setB)
//setA对于setB的补集
let subAB : Set = setA.subtract(setB)

//判断集合是否相等
if setA == setB{
  print("相等")
}else{
  print("不相等")
}

setB.isSupersetOf(setA) //判断B是否是A的超集
setB.isSubsetOf(setA)//判断B是否是A的子集


//字典
//创建一个key是int value是string的字典
var int2String = [Int:String]()
int2String = [:]
int2String[10] = "Ten"
int2String[20] = "Twenty"

var capitalNumber = [
    1:"一",
    2:"二",
    3:"三"
]

capitalNumber[1]  // 字典某个下标值
capitalNumber.count //字典的个数
capitalNumber.isEmpty //判断字典是否为空
capitalNumber.updateValue("yi", forKey: 1) //修改字典某个key对应的值
capitalNumber[2] = nil   //对某个下标置空
capitalNumber.removeValueForKey(2) //移除某个key对应的值
capitalNumber
capitalNumber.dynamicType  //类型

for (key,value) in capitalNumber{
   print("(key):(value)")
}
let keyAry = [Int](capitalNumber.keys);
let valueAry = [String](capitalNumber.values);

第四节:循环语句(for while repeat-while switch)

/*
swift学习第四节
循环语句
for  while  repeat-while  switch

*/
import UIKit

for var i = 0;i < 10; i++ {
   print(i)
}

let vomel = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
for char in vomel{
    print(char)
}

for number in 1...100{
   print(number)
}

for _ in 1...10{
    print("*",terminator:"")
}

var i = 0
while i < 10 {
   print(i)
   ++i
}

//var n = 0
//repeat {
//    print(vomel[n])
//     ++i
//}while n < 5

let me = "a"
switch me{
case "a":
    print("me is (me)")
case "e":
    print("me is (me)")
case "i":
    print("me is (me)")
case "o":
    print("me is (me)")
case "y":
    print("me is (me)")
default:
    print("都不是")
}

switch me{
case "a","e","i","o","u":
    print("这个是元音")
default:
    print("这个不是元音")
}

let number = 56
switch number{
case 1...10:
    print("这个数在1-10之间")
case 11...99:
    print("这个数在11-99之间")
default:
    print("这个数大于100")
}

let point = (1,1)
switch point{
case (0,0):
    print("在原点")
case (_,0):
    print("在x轴上")
case (0,_):
    print("在y轴上")
case (-2...2,-2...2):
    print("在该范围内")
default:
    print("位置跑偏")
}

switch point{
case (let x,0):
    print("(x)")
case (0,let y):
    print("(y)")
case let(x,y):
    print("(x),(y)")
}

switch point{
case let(x,y) where x == y:
    print("X=Y")
case let(x,y) where x == -y:
    print("x=-y")
case let(x,y):
    print("(x),(y)")

}

源码下载地址:

http://download.csdn.net/detail/shaoting19910730/9461377

https://github.com/pheromone/swift-