SaltStack快速入门

一、SaltStack的介绍

SaltStack，简称salt，自动化管理工具，一种全新的基础设施管理方式，部署轻松，在几分钟内可运行起来，扩展性好，很容易管理上万台服务器，速度够快，服务器之间秒级通讯。

salt使用python语言开发。

salt的运行方式：

　　1.Local

　　2.Master/Minion  （传统）

　　3.Salt SSH

salt的三大功能：

　　1.远程执行

　　2.配置管理

　　3.云管理

二、SaltStack安装及配置

saltstack没有在默认的安装包里，安装它需要先安装epel第三方源。

centos6安装

rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

server：

# yum install -y salt-master

Client1:

# yum install -y salt-minion

Client2:

# yum install -y salt-minion

把服务加入到开机自动启动

## server
# chkconfig salt-master on
## client
# chkconfig salt-minion on

在Client端，配置/etc/salt/minion

# 16行变更 #master: salt --> master:  192.168.92.3
master: 192.168.92.3

#id:为空，表示FQN名

启动master和client

# service salt-master start
#或
# /etc/init.d/salt-master start

# service salt-minion start
#或
# /etc/init.d/salt-minion start

三、使用

1.key认证

查看认证状态

添加认证客户端

## -A 全部主机
# salt-key -A

## -a 添加个别主机
# salt-key -a server
# salt-key -a client

再次查看key认证状态：

注意:

删除 # salt-key -d xx

全部删掉 # salt-key -D  （慎用）　

2.远程执行功能

# salt '*' test.ping
client:
    True
server:
    True
# salt '*' cmd.run 'uptime'
client:
     00:57:47 up  2:31,  1 user,  load average: 0.05, 0.03, 0.05
server:
     00:57:47 up 29 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.03, 0.05, 0.08
# salt '*' cmd.run 'df -h'
client:
    Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/vg_wuyouwei-lv_root
                           18G  4.0G   13G  25% /
    tmpfs                 491M   80K  491M   1% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1             477M   35M  418M   8% /boot
server:
    Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/vg_wuyouwei-lv_root
                           18G  3.9G   13G  24% /
    tmpfs                 491M   88K  491M   1% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1             477M   35M  418M   8% /boot

3.配置管理（安装软件）

在server端，编辑/etc/salt/master

## 把注释放开 --->
 file_roots:
   base:
     - /srv/salt/

# base前面必须是2个空格
# - 前面是4个空格

若/srv/salt/目录不存在，请创建。

# mkdir /srv/salt/
# /etc/init.d/salt-master restart

（很重要）在server端写状态配置

# cd /srv/salt/
[root@server salt]# ll
total 0
[root@server salt]# vim apache.sls

 #编辑内容，注意空格

执行安装命令

# salt '*' state.sls apache
server:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: Package httpd is already installed.
     Started: 01:22:39.526997
    Duration: 1258.992 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd-devel
      Result: True
     Comment: Package httpd-devel is already installed.
     Started: 01:22:40.786220
    Duration: 0.55 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: Service httpd is already enabled, and is in the desired state
     Started: 01:22:40.787406
    Duration: 35.421 ms
     Changes:   

Summary
------------
Succeeded: 3
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     3
client:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: Package httpd is already installed.
     Started: 01:22:39.542822
    Duration: 1315.972 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd-devel
      Result: True
     Comment: Package httpd-devel is already installed.
     Started: 01:22:40.859029
    Duration: 0.584 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: Service httpd is already enabled, and is running
     Started: 01:22:40.860278
    Duration: 138.662 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              httpd:
                  True

Summary
------------
Succeeded: 3 (changed=1)
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     3

apache已经成功安装，正常启动

 注：若将Client端的apache服务停掉，还是会自动同步启动

定义高级状态

# 编辑入口文件
# vim top.sls
base：
  '*':
    - apache

执行

# salt '*' state.highstate