SSM框架——整合搭建流程

1、首先创建maven工程，使用哪种方式进行创建都可以，可以参考博主之前的文章：

《两种方式创建Maven项目【方式二】》《两种方式创建Maven项目【方式一】》

2、先看看搭建最终搭建完成后的项目结构：

3、搭建流程：

数据库使用的是：mysql

ide使用的是：eclipse【Version: Neon.2 Release (4.6.2)】

注意配置文件里头所有红色的地方，若改了路径，红色部分要做相应修改。

3.1、首先是spring和mybatis的整合：

pom.xml文件内容如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.shaw.cn</groupId>
  <artifactId>testMybatis</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
    <properties>
        <!-- spring版本号 -->
        <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
        <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
        <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <!-- 表示开发的时候引入，发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
        <!-- log start -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        
        <!-- 格式化对象，方便输出日志 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.41</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->
        <!-- 映入JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 上传组件包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.9</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>com.shaw.cn</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

博客原文中，没有提到build的节点，这个节点还是要有的。

3.2 jdbc.properties（文件编码修改为utf-8）

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
username=root
password=123456
#定义初始连接数  
initialSize=0
#定义最大连接数  
maxActive=20
#定义最大空闲  
maxIdle=20
#定义最小空闲  
minIdle=1
#定义最长等待时间  
maxWait=60000

导入jdbc.properties文件的时候要注意，若是每行末尾多了两个空格要删除。

3.3 创建spring-mybatis.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">  

    <!-- 自动扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shaw.cn"></context:component-scan>
    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
    <!-- 引入配置文件 -->
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
        <property name="url" value="${url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${password}" />
        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
        <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
        <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" ></property>
        <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" ></property>
        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
        <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" ></property>
        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}" ></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- spring和mybatis完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/shaw/cn/mapper/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- DAO接口所在的包名，spring会自动查找其下的类，！注意这句 value="sqlSessionFactory"，不是ref而是value -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.shaw.cn.dao" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 事务管理transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

3.4 log4j.properties日志配置文件：

#定义LOG输出级别  
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#定义日志输出目的地为控制台
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
#可以灵活地指定日志输出格式，下面一行是指定具体的格式
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
  
#文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#指定输出目录
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
#定义文件最大大小
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# 输出所以日志，如果换成DEBUG表示输出DEBUG以上级别日志
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}][%c]%m%n

3.5 经过以上的文件准备，spring和mybatis的整合已经大体完成，接下来，将实体类、MyBatis映射文件以及Dao接口复制到工程里头，然后进行单元测试后，检测整合是否完成。

博主习惯在搭建工程的时候创建这个几个文件夹：

controller：负责具体的业务模块流程的控制，在此层里面要调用Serice层的接口来控制业务流程，控制的配置也同样是在Spring的配置文件里面进行，针对具体的业务流程，会有不同的控制器，我们具体的设计过程中可以将流程进行抽象归纳，设计出可以重复利用的子单元流程模块，这样不仅使程序结构变得清晰，也大大减少了代码量。

dao：主要是做数据持久层的工作，负责与数据库进行联络的一些任务都封装在此，DAO层的设计首先是设计DAO的接口，然后在Spring的配置文件中定义此接口的实现类，然后就可在模块中调用此接口来进行数据业务的处理，而不用关心此接口的具体实现类是哪个类，显得结构非常清晰，DAO层的数据源配置，以及有关数据库连接的参数都在Spring的配置文件中进行配置。在ssm框架中，dao主要定义接口即可。

entity：存放数据库实体类。

mapping：实体映射文件。

service层：主要负责业务模块的逻辑应用设计。同样是首先设计接口，再设计其实现的类，接着再Spring的配置文件中配置其实现的关联。这样我们就可以在应用中调用Service接口来进行业务处理。Service层的业务实现，具体要调用到已定义的DAO层的接口，封装Service层的业务逻辑有利于通用的业务逻辑的独立性和重复利用性，程序显得非常简洁。  

可以利用mybatis工具自动生成实体类、dao接口和mapping映射文件，具体的生成办法在博主之前文章里头也有提到《Mybatis自动生成实体类、dao接口和mapping映射文件》

首先创建数据表：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_t`;  
  
CREATE TABLE `user_t` (  
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
  `user_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,  
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,  
  `age` int(4) NOT NULL,  
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;  
  
/*Data for the table `user_t` */  
  
insert  into `user_t`(`id`,`user_name`,`password`,`age`) values (1,'测试','sfasgfaf',24);  

mybatis自动生成实体类、dao接口和mapping映射文件的配置文件generatorConfig.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration  
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"  
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">  
<generatorConfiguration>  
 <!-- 数据库驱动--> 
    <classPathEntry  location="mysql-connector-java-5.1.25-bin.jar"/>  
    <context id="DB2Tables"  targetRuntime="MyBatis3">  
        <commentGenerator>  
            <property name="suppressDate" value="true"/>  
              <!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true：是 ： false:否 --> 
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>  
        </commentGenerator>  
        <!--数据库链接URL，用户名、密码 -->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/test" userId="root" password="123456">  
        </jdbcConnection>  
        <javaTypeResolver>  
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>  
        </javaTypeResolver>  
        <!-- 生成模型的包名和位置-->    
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.shaw.cn.entity" targetProject="src">  
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>  
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>  
        </javaModelGenerator>  
        <!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置-->    
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.shaw.cn.mapping" targetProject="src">  
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>  
        </sqlMapGenerator>  
　　　　 <!-- 生成DAO的包名和位置-->    
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.shaw.cn.dao" targetProject="src">  
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>  
        </javaClientGenerator>  
　　　　 <!-- 要生成的表 tableName是数据库中的表名或视图名 domainObjectName是实体类名-->   
        <table tableName="user_t" domainObjectName="User" enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false" enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false"></table>
    </context>  
</generatorConfiguration>

将生成的文件，直接拷贝在工程里头。

接着，创建service接口以及实现类

package com.shaw.cn.services;

import com.shaw.cn.entity.User;

public interface UserService {
     public User getUserById(int userId);  
}

package com.shaw.cn.services.impl;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.shaw.cn.dao.UserDao;
import com.shaw.cn.entity.User;
import com.shaw.cn.services.UserService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Resource
    private UserDao userDao;
    
    @Override
    public User getUserById(int userId) {
        return userDao.selectByPrimaryKey(userId);
    }    

}

 3.6建立测试类

　　测试类在src/test/java中建立，下面测试类中注释掉的部分是不使用Spring时，一般情况下的一种测试方法；如果使用了Spring那么就可以使用注解的方式来引入配置文件和类，然后再将service接口对象注入，就可以进行测试了。

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.shaw.cn.entity.User;
import com.shaw.cn.services.UserService;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)     
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})  
  
public class TestMybatis {  
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TestMybatis.class);  
 //   private ApplicationContext ac = null;  
    @Resource  
    private UserService userService;  
  
//  @Before  
//  public void before() {  
//      ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");  
//      userService = (UserServiceImpl) ac.getBean("userService");  
//  }  
//  
    @Test  
    public void test1() {  
        User user = userService.getUserById(1);  
        // System.out.println(user.getUserName());  
        logger.info(JSON.toJSONString(user));  
    }  
}  

如果测试成功，表示Spring和Mybatis已经整合成功了。输出信息使用的是Log4j打印到控制台。

测试的时候注意，要是测试失败可以按照截图的顺序进行单元测试，然后再runAs

 

单元测试常会报以下错误：

1、数据库连接拒绝。一般来说是jdbc.properties配置错误【检查下端口或用户名、密码】，要么spring-mybatis.xml连接数据库配置错误。

org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException: 
### Error querying database.  Cause: org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Access denied for user 'root '@'localhost' (using password: YES))
### The error may exist in mapper/CustomerMapper.xml
### The error may involve com.zhexiang.mybatis_springmvc.model.selectCustomerByID
### The error occurred while executing a query
### Cause: org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Access denied for user 'root '@'localhost' (using password: YES))
    at org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.wrapException(ExceptionFactory.java:26)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:111)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:102)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectOne(DefaultSqlSession.java:66)
    at com.zhexiang.mybatis_springmvc.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImpl.selectCustomerByID(CustomerDaoImpl.java:18)
    at com.zhexiang.mybatis_springmvc.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImplTest.testSelectCustomerByID(CustomerDaoImplTest.java:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:176)
    at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:141)
    at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:122)
    at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:142)
    at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:125)
    at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:129)
    at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:255)
    at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:250)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit38ClassRunner.run(JUnit38ClassRunner.java:84)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.jdbc.CannotGetJdbcConnectionException: Could not get JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Access denied for user 'root '@'localhost' (using password: YES))
    at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:80)
    at org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransaction.openConnection(SpringManagedTransaction.java:81)
    at org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransaction.getConnection(SpringManagedTransaction.java:67)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.getConnection(BaseExecutor.java:279)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.prepareStatement(SimpleExecutor.java:72)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.SimpleExecutor.doQuery(SimpleExecutor.java:59)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.queryFromDatabase(BaseExecutor.java:267)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.BaseExecutor.query(BaseExecutor.java:137)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:96)
    at org.apache.ibatis.executor.CachingExecutor.query(CachingExecutor.java:77)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession.selectList(DefaultSqlSession.java:108)
    ... 23 more
Caused by: org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (Access denied for user 'root '@'localhost' (using password: YES))
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createPoolableConnectionFactory(BasicDataSource.java:1549)
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createDataSource(BasicDataSource.java:1388)
    at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.getConnection(BasicDataSource.java:1044)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.doGetConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:111)
    at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils.getConnection(DataSourceUtils.java:77)
    ... 33 more
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Access denied for user 'root '@'localhost' (using password: YES)

2、无法加载上下文，类映射不上。这个困扰好久了。博主也不晓得啥问题，映射文件也没错，配置也没错。
当时解决办法：把pom.xml文件里头的依赖文件。删除掉，重新复制黏贴下，然后右键项目Maven-->Update Project 勾选Force Update of Snapshot/Releases，点击确定然后再重新maven test就好了。不行的话clean一下工程，再重复下。

也不知道啥问题，博主猜测，估计是在下载相关jar包的时候没有下载完整，仅仅是猜测，有谁知道问题，麻烦留言相告。谢谢！

[INFO] [2017-03-24 22:44:27][org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader]Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring-mybatis.xml]
  [INFO] [2017-03-24 22:44:27][org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext]Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@1d057a39: startup date [Fri Mar 24 22:44:27 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
  [INFO] [2017-03-24 22:44:27][org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer]Loading properties file from class path resource [jdbc.properties]
  [INFO] [2017-03-24 22:44:27][org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor]JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
  [ERROR] [2017-03-24 22:44:27][org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager]Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@33c911a1] to prepare test instance [TestMap@75db5df9]
  java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
    at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:319)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:212)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:232)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:175)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:252)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:141)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of resource dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userMapper' defined in file [E:	estTechWorkspace	estMybatis	argetclassescomshawcndaoUserMapper.class]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sqlSessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sqlSessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in class path resource [spring-mybatis.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: Failed to parse mapping resource: 'file [E:	estTechWorkspace	estMybatis	argetclassescomshawcnmappingUserMapper.xml]'; nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing Mapper XML. Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.shaw.cn.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:307)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:121)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:250)
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64)
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
    ... 31 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userMapper' defined in file [E:	estTechWorkspace	estMybatis	argetclassescomshawcndaoUserMapper.class]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'sqlSessionFactory' while setting bean property 'sqlSessionFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in class path resource [spring-mybatis.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: Failed to parse mapping resource: 'file [E:	estTechWorkspace	estMybatis	argetclassescomshawcnmappingUserMapper.xml]'; nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing Mapper XML. Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.shaw.cn.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:328)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:107)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:200)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.autowireResource(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:445)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.getResource(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:419)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$ResourceElement.getResourceToInject(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:544)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata$InjectedElement.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:155)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:304)
    ... 47 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sqlSessionFactory' defined in class path resource [spring-mybatis.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: Failed to parse mapping resource: 'file [E:	estTechWorkspace	estMybatis	argetclassescomshawcnmappingUserMapper.xml]'; nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing Mapper XML. Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.shaw.cn.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:320)
    ... 62 more
Caused by: org.springframework.core.NestedIOException: Failed to parse mapping resource: 'file [E:	estTechWorkspace	estMybatis	argetclassescomshawcnmappingUserMapper.xml]'; nested exception is org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing Mapper XML. Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.shaw.cn.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap
    at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.buildSqlSessionFactory(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:466)
    at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:340)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1549)
    ... 69 more
Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing Mapper XML. Cause: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.shaw.cn.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLMapperBuilder.configurationElement(XMLMapperBuilder.java:120)
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLMapperBuilder.parse(XMLMapperBuilder.java:92)
    at org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean.buildSqlSessionFactory(SqlSessionFactoryBean.java:464)
    ... 72 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Result Maps collection already contains value for com.shaw.cn.dao.UserMapper.BaseResultMap

3 有时候会报org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Invalid bound statement (not found):

这个问题一般来说是映射文件mapping里头配置的路径不对，查看下映射文件，然后检查下路径。

至此，完成Spring和mybatis这两大框架的整合，下面在继续进行SpringMVC的整合。

SpringMvc的配置文件单独放置，然后在web.xml里头进行整合就好了。

3.7 spring-mvc.xml配置文件。配置里面的注释也很详细，主要是自动扫描控制器，视图模式，注解的启动这三个。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">  
    <!-- 自动扫描该包，使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shaw.cn.controller" />  
    <!--避免IE执行AJAX时，返回JSON出现下载文件 -->  
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"  
        class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">  
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">  
            <list>  
                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->  
    <bean  
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  
        <property name="messageConverters">  
            <list>  
                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON转换器 -->  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置-->  
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
        <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀，变成一个 可用的url地址 -->  
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- 配置文件上传，如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置，当然如果不配，那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->  
    <bean id="multipartResolver"    
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">    
        <!-- 默认编码 -->  
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />    
        <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />    
        <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />    
    </bean>   
  
</beans> 

web.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
    version="3.0">  
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>  
    <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->  
    <context-param>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>  
    </context-param>  
    <!-- 编码过滤器 -->  
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
    <!-- Spring监听器 -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
  
    <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
    </servlet>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>  
        <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do，对应struts的后缀习惯 -->  
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>  
  
</web-app>  

至此SSM框架搭建完成，接下来通过测试页面，是否成功。

在WEB-INF里头创建一个view文件夹，至于创建啥名字，要与spring-mvc里头的【<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" /> 】对应上。

index.jsp文件

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>  
  <head>  
    <title>测试</title>  
  </head>  
    
  <body>  
    ${user.userName}  
  </body>  
</html>  

创建UserController.java文件：

package com.shaw.cn.controller;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.shaw.cn.entity.User;
import com.shaw.cn.services.UserService;  
  
@Controller  
@RequestMapping("/user")  
public class UserController {  
    @Resource  
    private UserService userService;  
      
    @RequestMapping("/showUser")  
    public String toIndex(HttpServletRequest request,Model model){  
        int userId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));  
        User user = this.userService.getUserById(userId);  
        model.addAttribute("user", user);  
        return "index";  
    }  
}  

3.8 部署工程进行测试：

http://127.0.0.1:8080/com.shaw.cn/user/showUser.do?id=1

 

如何修改项目名称呢？在pom文件里头修改build节点的filaname信息，这样就可以改成你想要的名字了。

至此，SSM三大框架的整合就完成了，在此基础上可再添加其他功能。

本文代码实例下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qiwei31229/9794905

建议还是自己手工搭建一次，这样更能熟悉整个过程。