Master in Vocab -- Day Six

 Preview:

• legitimate
• surrender
• lash
• escalate
• whisper

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 1.legitimate (leg- law; -ate v)

 legitimately -adj legitimation -n
 illegitimation -n illegitimate -adj
I.meanings:

• v.使合法，认为正当
• adj.正当合理的，合情合理的，合法的，法律认可的
• to make (someone or something) legitimate
• justify or make lawful

II.examples:

• That's your idea of a legitmate reason?
  这就是你所谓的正当理由？

• It's a legitmate investigatory question.
  这是个合法的调查问题。

• We must legtimate our products this year to break the new and prosperous market in asian area.
  我们必须在今年使我们的产品合法化以打开亚洲区域欣欣向荣的市场。

III.Synonyms:

• lawful

• legal

• licit adj.legal and legitmate

IV.Associations:

• legitimation n.合法化
• legitimately adv.正当地
• illegitimation n.非法，私生
• illegitmate adj.私生的，非法的

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 2.surrender (sur- above, over, beyond; render- give)

 surrenderor -n surrenderee -n
I.meanings:

• v.交出，放弃，投降，自首
• n.交出，放弃，投降
• cease resistance to an enemy or opponent and submit to their authority
• give up or hand over (a person, right, or possession), typically on compulsion or demand
• abandon oneself entirely to; give in to

II.examples:

• We shall never surrender.
  我们决不投降。

• I surrender myself.
  我来自首。

• You can not make me surrender to your knee unless you kill me.
  除非你杀了我，否则我是不会屈服于你的。

III.Synonyms:

• capitulate
• cede
• cough up
• give up
• hand over
• yield

IV.Associations:

• surrenderor n.投降者，自首者
• surrenderee n.受让者【法】
• capitulate v.屈从，投降，屈服

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 3.lash

 lasher -n lashing -adj unlash -v
I.meanings:

• v.鞭打，抽打，猛击，摆动（动物）
• n.鞭打，皮鞭，鞭子
• strike (someone) with a whip or stick
• beat forcefully against (something)
• (of an animal) move (a part of the body, especially the tail) quickly and violently

II.examples:

• Oliver lashed the horses to go faster.
  Oliver 快马加鞭。

• He had the prettiest lashes, thick like yours.
         --A Thousand Splendid Suns
  他有着最漂亮的睫毛，像你一样浓密。

• The president lashed out at the media about their illeigtmate behavor.
  总统痛斥了媒体的不法行为。

III.Synonyms:

• beat, punch, smash, slam, slap, smack
• wham, whip, stripe

IV.Associations:

• lasher n.堰塘，鞭打者
• lashing n.鞭打，痛骂，叱责
• whiplash n.鞭绳
• unlash v.解开
• tongue-lash v.严厉责骂
• eyelash n.眼睫毛
• backlash n.强烈反对

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 4.escalate (escal- ladder; -ate v)

 escalator -n escalation -n
I.meanings:

• v.逐步扩大，逐步升高，不断恶化，加剧
• increase rapidly
• become or cause to become more intense or serious

II.examples:

• We cannot afford to have this conflict escalate.
  我们不能让这场斗争升级。

• Her fear was escalating into panic.
  她的害怕逐渐变成了惊慌。

• I don't want this tiny squrrel between you and me escalating into a cold war.
  我不想让我们之间的小口角演变成冷战。

III.Synonyms:

• expand
• ballon
• enlarge
• multiply
• mushroom
• snowball
• swell
• roll up
• mount
• spread
• burgeon v.激增，迅速发展

IV.Associations:

• escalator n.自动扶梯
• escalation n.扩大，增加
• deescalate v.逐步降级
• deescalation n.逐步降级

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 5.whisper

 whisperer -n whispering -n/adj whispery -adj
I.meanings:

• v.打耳语，说悄悄话，窃窃私语，沙沙作响
• n.耳语，私语，密谈，传言，传闻
• speak very softly using one's breath without one's vocal cords, especially for the sake of privacy
• (of leaves, wind, or water) rustle or murmur softly
• a soft or confidential tone of voice; a whispered word or phrase

II.examples:

• I know the things thet whisper to him at night.
  我知晓他们入夜时在他耳边的低语。

• Can you whisper it to me slowly?
  你能对我小声慢慢复述一遍吗？

• I love the sound when leaves were whispering from the trees on autumn days.
  我喜欢秋天树叶飘落时沙沙作响的声音。

III.Synonyms:

• lower one's voice
• whistle

IV.Associations:

• whispery adj.轻声的，低语的
• whispering adj.流言蜚语的；n.低语，私语，耳语
• whisperer n.窃窃私语的人，造谣者