多个线程运行MR程序时hadoop出现的问题

夜间多个任务同时并行，总有几个随机性有任务失败，查看日志： 刷选关键词 Caused by  或者  FAILED

  cat -n ads_channel.log |grep "Caused by"
  7732    Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.io.IOException: Rename cannot overwrite non empty destination directory /tmp/hadoop-hdfs/mapred/local/1576781334421
  7737    Caused by: java.io.IOException: Rename cannot overwrite non empty destination directory /tmp/hadoop-hdfs/mapred/local/1576781334421

In order to change the average load for a reducer (in bytes):
  set hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=<number>
In order to limit the maximum number of reducers:
  set hive.exec.reducers.max=<number>
In order to set a constant number of reducers:
  set mapreduce.job.reduces=<number>
java.io.IOException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileAlreadyExistsException: rename destination /tmp/hadoop-hdfs/mapred/local/1579374502408 already exists.
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.LocalDistributedCacheManager.setup(LocalDistributedCacheManager.java:143)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.LocalJobRunner$Job.<init>(LocalJobRunner.java:171)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.LocalJobRunner.submitJob(LocalJobRunner.java:758)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:244)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1307)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$10.run(Job.java:1304)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
    at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1920)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.submit(Job.java:1304)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient$1.run(JobClient.java:578)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient$1.run(JobClient.java:573)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
    at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1920)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient.submitJobInternal(JobClient.java:573)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobClient.submitJob(JobClient.java:564)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.ExecDriver.execute(ExecDriver.java:436)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask.execute(MapRedTask.java:142)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Task.executeTask(Task.java:214)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.TaskRunner.runSequential(TaskRunner.java:99)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.launchTask(Driver.java:2052)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.execute(Driver.java:1748)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.runInternal(Driver.java:1501)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:1285)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:1275)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLocalCmd(CliDriver.java:226)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd(CliDriver.java:175)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:389)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:324)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.executeDriver(CliDriver.java:726)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:699)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:634)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileAlreadyExistsException: rename destination /tmp/hadoop-hdfs/mapred/local/1579374502408 already exists.
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.LocalDistributedCacheManager.setup(LocalDistributedCacheManager.java:139)
    ... 38 more
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileAlreadyExistsException: rename destination /tmp/hadoop-hdfs/mapred/local/1579374502408 already exists.
    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.rename(FileSystem.java:1310)
    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.DelegateToFileSystem.renameInternal(DelegateToFileSystem.java:193)
    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.AbstractFileSystem.renameInternal(AbstractFileSystem.java:744)
    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FilterFs.renameInternal(FilterFs.java:236)
    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.AbstractFileSystem.rename(AbstractFileSystem.java:674)
    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileContext.rename(FileContext.java:932)
    at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.util.FSDownload.call(FSDownload.java:369)
    at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.util.FSDownload.call(FSDownload.java:60)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Job Submission failed with exception 'java.io.IOException(java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileAlreadyExistsException: rename destination /tmp/hadoop-hdfs/mapred/local/1579374502408 already exists.)'
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask

 扩展：

cat -n ads_channel.log |grep "Caused by" 或者 grep ads_channel.log  -e "Caused by" 或者 grep -E "Caused by|FAILED"  ads_channel.log #两个关键词
grep "2019-12-21" ads_channel.log | grep "Caused by" ads_channel.log
cat ads_channel.log | grep "Caused by" -B 10 ##根据关键字查看前20行日志
cat ads_channel.log | grep "Caused by" -A 10 ##根据关键字查看后20行日志
cat ads_channel.log | grep "Caused by" -C 10 #根据关键字查看前后10行日志


说明：
-A 表示关键字之后，After
-B 表示关键字之前，Before
-C 表示关键字前后，Context

vim ads_channel.log
:set nu  :7749 (跳转到指定行数)

实时查询多个关键字的日志信息
命令：tail -f ads_channel.log |grep -E “Caused by"

问题原因：

    当多个线程运行MR程序时hadoop出现的问题：
        https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-6992
        https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-6441

hdfs会创建一个以当前时间的时间戳命名的文件.当两个mr任务在同一毫秒提交,造成了文件的并发访问问题.

yarn的运行模式:

1-本地模式（LocalJobRunner实现）
mapreduce.framework.name设置为local，则不会使用YARN集群来分配资源，在本地节点执行。在本地模式运行的任务，无法发挥集群的优势。注：在web UI是查看不到本地模式运行的任务。

        对 hive有些了解的人都会知道，hive 会将 SQL 语句最终转化成分布式执行的 mapreduce 任务计划。对于大数量集的数据启动 mapreduce 所花费的时间是渺小的。因为数据量大，并且分布再不同的机器上，在不同的机器上处理，这样做是 hive 的优势之一。然而当处理小数量，并且数据都聚集再一台机器上时，那么启动本地模式是非常有意的，不可避免的启动 mapreduce，将数据拉回客户端，本地处理，这样减少了分处理后合并花费的时间。如此一来，对数据量比较小的操作，就可以在本地执行，这样要比提交任务到集群执行效率要快很多。
启动本地模式，需要配置如下参数： 

     hive.exec.mode.local.auto                    决定 Hive 是否应该自动地根据输入文件大小，在本地运行。    
     hive.exec.mode.local.auto.inputbytes.max     最大输入数据量,当输入数据量小于这个值的时候将会启动本地模式,默认是 128M。    
     hive.exec.mode.local.auto.tasks.max          最大输入文件个数,当输入文件个数小于这个值的时候将会启动本地模式。(默认4)

当一个job满足如下条件才能真正使用本地模式：      

  1.job的输入数据大小必须小于参数：hive.exec.mode.local.auto.inputbytes.max(默认128MB)    
  2.job的map数必须小于参数：hive.exec.mode.local.auto.tasks.max(默认4)    
  3.job的reduce数必须为0或者1

2-Yarn模式（YARNRunner实现）
        mapreduce.framework.name设置为yarn，当客户端配置mapreduce.framework.name为yarn时, 客户端会使用YARNRunner与服务端通信, 而YARNRunner真正的实现是通过ClientRMProtocol与RM交互, 包括提交Application, 查询状态等功能。但是根据任务的特性，分为两种方式执行任务

3-Uber模式：

        为降低小作业延迟而设计的一种模式，所有任务，不管是Map Task，还是Reduce Task，均在同一个Container中顺序执行，这个Container其实也是MRAppMaster所在Container

4-Non-Uber模式：

         对于运行时间较长的大作业，先为Map Task申请资源，当Map Task运行完成数目达到一定比例后再为Reduce Task申请资源。

解决办法：

    1-在不改源代码的情况下，取消自动启动本地模式,根据集群环境,临时在运行程序时设置:

set hive.exec.mode.local.auto = false

2-在调度系统中设置设置失败重试.

azkaban配置失败重试如下:
type =command
command = xxxxxx
retries=3
retry.backoff=60000 #毫秒数

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39445556/article/details/80348976

在官网找到了这个bug，在2.7.1版本中已经修复了这个bug，对集群进行升级：

This is a bug in Hadoop 2.6.0. It's been marked as fixed but it still happens occasionally (see: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/YARN-2624).

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30857413/hadoop-complains-about-attempting-to-overwrite-nonempty-destination-directory

[hdfs@el-hadoop-1 logs]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report  ##查看hadoop状况：
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.

Configured Capacity: 1242537227061 (1.13 TB)
Present Capacity: 1154802876345 (1.05 TB)
DFS Remaining: 1125514018745 (1.02 TB)
DFS Used: 29288857600 (27.28 GB)
DFS Used%: 2.54%
Under replicated blocks: 0
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 0
Missing blocks (with replication factor 1): 0

-------------------------------------------------
Live datanodes (3):

Name: 172.26.0.106:50010 (el-hadoop-1)
Hostname: el-hadoop-1
Rack: /default
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 414179075687 (385.73 GB)
DFS Used: 9740627968 (9.07 GB)
Non DFS Used: 22051710567 (20.54 GB)
DFS Remaining: 360492523769 (335.73 GB)
DFS Used%: 2.35%
DFS Remaining%: 87.04%
Configured Cache Capacity: 4294967296 (4 GB)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 4294967296 (4 GB)
Cache Used%: 0.00%
Cache Remaining%: 100.00%
Xceivers: 8
Last contact: Sat Dec 21 11:29:07 CST 2019


Name: 172.26.0.108:50010 (el-hadoop-2)
Hostname: el-hadoop-2
Rack: /default
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 414179075687 (385.73 GB)
DFS Used: 9774043136 (9.10 GB)
Non DFS Used: 0 (0 B)
DFS Remaining: 382510819168 (356.24 GB)
DFS Used%: 2.36%
DFS Remaining%: 92.35%
Configured Cache Capacity: 4294967296 (4 GB)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 4294967296 (4 GB)
Cache Used%: 0.00%
Cache Remaining%: 100.00%
Xceivers: 8
Last contact: Sat Dec 21 11:29:06 CST 2019


Name: 172.26.0.109:50010 (el-hadoop-3)
Hostname: el-hadoop-3
Rack: /default
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 414179075687 (385.73 GB)
DFS Used: 9774186496 (9.10 GB)
Non DFS Used: 0 (0 B)
DFS Remaining: 382510675808 (356.24 GB)
DFS Used%: 2.36%
DFS Remaining%: 92.35%
Configured Cache Capacity: 4294967296 (4 GB)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 4294967296 (4 GB)
Cache Used%: 0.00%
Cache Remaining%: 100.00%
Xceivers: 8
Last contact: Sat Dec 21 11:29:08 CST 2019