Webservice学习

参考博客1: http://www.cnblogs.com/lzhp/archive/2013/01/13/2858559.html

参考博客2:http://blog.csdn.net/shileimohan/article/details/8070590

参考博客3:http://www.cnblogs.com/annabook/p/4821542.html

建立WebService步骤：

1.首先新建一个Web项目

2.右键添加服务引用... 或者右键新建 Web服务(ASMX)

3.调用方法

1）.通过引用直接调用

引用完成后，你找一个以Client结束的文件，在里面的main方法中会有个service对象，现在你就可以直接用这个对象了

例如:

YJ_WebServiceSoapClient web = new RYJ_WebServiceSoapClient();    

web.addition(num1, num2);

2）.通过代码调用

这里我有一个webservice服务建立好了，如图

接下来就演示下对此webserver提供的求和方法的调用，求和大致结构如下（有两个参数n1,n2。GetSum是方法名）

好了，接下来就用控制台演示了;

Program.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace 接口调用测试
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
           
            Hashtable pars = new Hashtable();
            string sumapi = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SumApi"].ToString();
            pars["n1"] = 5;
            pars["n2"] = 7;
            var doc = WebSvcCaller.QuerySoapWebService(sumapi, "GetSum", pars);
            string sum = doc.SelectSingleNode("root").InnerText;
            Console.WriteLine(sum);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }


    }
}

　App.config

 <appSettings>    
    <add key="SumApi" value="http://sites.shuai7boy.cn/WebServer/Add.asmx"/>    
  </appSettings>

　WebSvcCaller.cs helper类

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace 接口调用测试
{
    /**/
    /// <summary>
    ///  利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类,By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
    /// </summary>
    public class WebSvcCaller
    {
        //<webServices>
        //  <protocols>
        //    <add name="HttpGet"/>
        //    <add name="HttpPost"/>
        //  </protocols>
        //</webServices>

        private static Hashtable _xmlNamespaces = new Hashtable();//缓存xmlNamespace，避免重复调用GetNamespace

        /**/
        /// <summary>
        /// 需要WebService支持Post调用
        /// </summary>
        public static XmlDocument QueryPostWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName);
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            SetWebRequest(request);
            byte[] data = EncodePars(Pars);
            WriteRequestData(request, data);

            return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
        }
        /**/
        /// <summary>
        /// 需要WebService支持Get调用
        /// </summary>
        public static XmlDocument QueryGetWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName + "?" + ParsToString(Pars));
            request.Method = "GET";
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            SetWebRequest(request);
            return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
        }



        /**/
        /// <summary>
        /// 通用WebService调用(Soap),参数Pars为String类型的参数名、参数值
        /// </summary>
        public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars)
        {
            if (_xmlNamespaces.ContainsKey(URL))
            {
                return QuerySoapWebService(URL, MethodName, Pars, _xmlNamespaces[URL].ToString());
            }
            else
            {
                return QuerySoapWebService(URL, MethodName, Pars, GetNamespace(URL));
            }
        }


        private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL, String MethodName, Hashtable Pars, string XmlNs)
        {    //By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
            _xmlNamespaces[URL] = XmlNs;//加入缓存，提高效率
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";
            request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", """ + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + """);
            SetWebRequest(request);
            byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars, XmlNs, MethodName);
            WriteRequestData(request, data);
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(), doc2 = new XmlDocument();
            doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());


            XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);
            mgr.AddNamespace("soap", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
            String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*", mgr).InnerXml;
            doc2.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");
            AddDelaration(doc2);
            return doc2;
        }
        private static string GetNamespace(String URL)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "?WSDL");
            SetWebRequest(request);
            WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());
            sr.Close();
            return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;
        }
        private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars, String XmlNs, String MethodName)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"></soap:Envelope>");
            AddDelaration(doc);
            XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Body", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");
            XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);
            soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns", XmlNs);
            foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)
            {
                XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);
                soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);
                soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);
            }
            soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);
            doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);
        }
        private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)
        {
            XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            mySerializer.Serialize(ms, o);
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
            if (doc.DocumentElement != null)
            {
                return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml;
            }
            else
            {
                return o.ToString();
            }
        }
        private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)
        {
            request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
            request.Timeout = 10000;
        }


        private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request, byte[] data)
        {
            request.ContentLength = data.Length;
            Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();
            writer.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
            writer.Close();
        }


        private static byte[] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)
        {
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));
        }


        private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)
            {
                if (sb.Length > 0)
                {
                    sb.Append("&");
                }
                sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }


        private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)
        {
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();
            sr.Close();
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml(retXml);
            return doc;
        }


        private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)
        {
            XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null);
            doc.InsertBefore(decl, doc.DocumentElement);
        }
    }
}

运行看下，求和结果如下：

zj。。。