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  • SpringBoot+Shiro引起事务失效、错误原因、解决方法

    一、问题
    今天发现用户注册的Service的事务并没有起到作用,再抛出一个RuntimeException后,并没有发生回滚,下面是调试步骤:

    1、检查数据库的引擎是否是innoDB

    2、启动类上是否加入@EnableTransactionManagement注解

    3、是否在方法上加入@Transactional注解或Service的类上是否有@Transactional注解

    4、方法是否为public

    5、是否是因为抛出了Exception等checked异常

    然而事务失效都不是这些原因引起的,并且发现其他Service的事务都可以正常使用。在查看打印的异常调用链的时候,发现这个Service是没有被AOP代理过的,所以推测可能是因为其他整合Spring的框架提前引用了这个Service。

    为了验证,新建了一个Service,并且把代码copy到新建的类中,测试其事务,发现事务可以正常使用,下面是打印的异常信息:

    从上面可以明显看到,Spring为这个service生成了代理类,证明事务是可以正常使用的,并且原service的失效应该是其他的整合Spring的框架提前引用造成的。

    因为项目还使用了Shiro作为权限管理,并且在编写Shiro的自定义验证器Realm中引用了该UserService,后来把Realm中的Service换成了Mapper后,该Service的事务可以正常使用了。

    错误原因:
    Spring中事务是通过AOP创建代理对象来完成的,有BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor完成对需要事务的方法织入对事务的处理。完成创建AOP代理对象的功能由一个特殊的BeanPostProcessor完成--AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator。该类实现了BeanPostProcessor接口,在bean创建完成并将属性设置好之后,拦截bean,并创建代理对象,在原对象的方法功能上添加增强器中增强方法的处理。对于事务增强器BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor而言,也就是在原有方法上加入事务的功能。

    但是,在ApplicationContext刷新上下文过程(refresh)中,上下文会调用registerBeanPostProcessors方法将BeanFactory中的所有BeanPostProcessor后处理器注册到BeanFactory中,使其后面流程中创建bean的时候生效。下面是其实现源码:

    public static void registerBeanPostProcessors(
    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) {

    String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false);

    // Register BeanPostProcessorChecker that logs an info message when
    // a bean is created during BeanPostProcessor instantiation, i.e. when
    // a bean is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors.
    int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length;
    beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount));

    // Separate between BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
    // Ordered, and the rest.
    List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
    List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
    List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
    List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
    if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
    BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
    priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
    if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
    internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
    }
    }
    else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
    orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
    }
    else {
    nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
    }
    }

    // First, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
    sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors);

    // AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator实现了Ordered接口,所以会在这里排序
    // 但是,实现Ordered接口的BeanPostProcessor中,有一个是MethodValidationPostProcessor
    List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
    BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
    orderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
    if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
    internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
    }
    }
    sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors);

    // Now, register all regular BeanPostProcessors.
    List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
    BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
    nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
    if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
    internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
    }
    }
    registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors);

    // Finally, re-register all internal BeanPostProcessors.
    sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors);

    // Re-register post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners,
    // moving it to the end of the processor chain (for picking up proxies etc).
    beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext));
    }
    上面流程为:

    实例化所有实现了PriorityOrdered接口的BeanPostProcessor,排序后注册到BeanFactory
    实例化所有实现了Ordered接口的BeanPostProcessor,排序后注册到BeanFactory
    实例化剩余的BeanPostProcessor,注册到BeanFactory
    注册内部使用的BeanPostProcessor
    添加一个特殊的后处理器--ApplicationListenerDetector
    由于AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator实现了Ordered接口,所以会在第2步中注册到BeanFactory,然后生效,可以拦截bean创建并生成代理对象。但是,在其注册前,有一个同样实现了Ordered接口的MethodValidationPostProcessor。在该类的实例化过程中,会由ValidationAutoConfiguration通过工厂方法来创建,创建过程中,需要传入Environment对象作为参数,然后Spring会从BeanFactory中查找所有符合Environment类型的bean,下面是查询过程:

    //type为需要的参数,类型为Environment
    private String[] doGetBeanNamesForType(ResolvableType type, boolean includeNonSingletons, boolean allowEagerInit) {
    List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();

    //遍历BeanFactory中保存的所有beanName
    for (String beanName : this.beanDefinitionNames) {
    if (!isAlias(beanName)) {
    try {
    RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
    // 检查是否是合格的bean
    if (!mbd.isAbstract() && (allowEagerInit ||
    (mbd.hasBeanClass() || !mbd.isLazyInit() || isAllowEagerClassLoading()) &&
    !requiresEagerInitForType(mbd.getFactoryBeanName()))) {
    // 是否是FactoryBean.
    boolean isFactoryBean = isFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
    BeanDefinitionHolder dbd = mbd.getDecoratedDefinition();
    boolean matchFound =
    (allowEagerInit || !isFactoryBean ||
    (dbd != null && !mbd.isLazyInit()) || containsSingleton(beanName)) &&
    (includeNonSingletons ||
    (dbd != null ? mbd.isSingleton() : isSingleton(beanName))) &&
    isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
    if (!matchFound && isFactoryBean) {
    beanName = FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName;
    // 如果是FactoryBean,在比较类型是,会实例化FactoryBean对象,用作比对
    // isTypeMatch会比较FactoryBean对应的实际类型是否符合,所以会实例化FactoryBean
    matchFound = (includeNonSingletons || mbd.isSingleton()) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
    }
    if (matchFound) {
    result.add(beanName);
    }
    }
    }
    //catch...略
    }
    }

    // Check manually registered singletons too.
    //省略直接注册的单例检查

    return StringUtils.toStringArray(result);
    }
    如果存在FactoryBean的话,在比对过程中会实例化FactoryBean(isTypeMatch中实现)

    在isTypeMatch中有这么一段代码:

    if (FactoryBean.class.isAssignableFrom(beanType)) {
    if (!BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name) && beanInstance == null) {
    // 如果是FactoryBean类型,需要对其实例化后才能知道到底它创建的bean是什么类型
    beanType = getTypeForFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
    if (beanType == null) {
    return false;
    }
    }
    }
    下面是getTypeForFactoryBean中的创建FactoryBean实例部分的代码:

    FactoryBean<?> fb = (mbd.isSingleton() ?
    getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd) :
    getNonSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd));
    下面是getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck实现:

    private FactoryBean<?> getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    synchronized (getSingletonMutex()) {
    //先尝试从缓存中获取
    BeanWrapper bw = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.get(beanName);
    if (bw != null) {
    return (FactoryBean<?>) bw.getWrappedInstance();
    }
    //从单例缓存中获取
    Object beanInstance = getSingleton(beanName, false);
    if (beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean) {
    return (FactoryBean<?>) beanInstance;
    }
    if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName) ||
    (mbd.getFactoryBeanName() != null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(mbd.getFactoryBeanName()))) {
    return null;
    }

    //创建对象
    Object instance;
    try {
    beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
    instance = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
    if (instance == null) {
    //实例化
    bw = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, null);
    instance = bw.getWrappedInstance();
    }
    }
    finally {
    afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
    }

    FactoryBean<?> fb = getFactoryBean(beanName, instance);
    if (bw != null) {
    this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.put(beanName, bw);
    }
    return fb;
    }
    }
    从上面代码看以看到,Spring会实例化FactoryBean,以确定其创建的bean的类型

    由于ShiroFilterFactoryBean实现了FactoryBean接口,所以它会提前被初始化。又因为SecurityManager,SecurityManager依赖于Realm实现类、Realm实现类又依赖于UserService,所以引发所有相关的bean提前初始化。

    ShiroFilterFactoryBean -> SecurityManager -> Realm实现类 -> UserService

    但是此时还只是ApplicationContext中registerBeanPostProcessors注册BeanPostProcessor处理器的阶段,此时AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator还没有注册到BeanFactory中,UserService无法享受到事务处理!

    三、解决办法
    在Realm实现中使用Mapper,而不是直接使用Service对象。缺点:直接和数据库交互,并且也没有Service中的逻辑交互以及缓存
    在Realm中Service声明上加入@Lazy注解,延迟Realm实现中Service对象的初始化时间,这样就可以保证Service实际初始化的时候会被BeanPostProcessor拦截,创建具有事务功能的代理对象


    原文:https://blog.csdn.net/finalcola/article/details/81197584

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/siashan/p/9938737.html
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